As a part of urban construction projects, demolition projects need professional technical support. Here are some safety management measures for demolition projects, hoping to help everyone!
Safety management measures of demolition project. Manual demolition
(1) When the building is demolished manually, the construction procedure should be removed layer by layer from top to bottom, and vertical cross operation is not allowed. The hole on the operating surface should be closed.
(2) It is forbidden for many people to gather or pile up materials on the floor. Operators should stand on scaffolding or a stable structure to operate, and the removed parts should be placed in a safe place.
(3) When the building wall is demolished manually, the method of digging or knocking shall not be adopted.
(4) The demolition of railings, stairs, floors and other components of the building should be coordinated with the overall demolition progress of the building structure, and it is not allowed to be demolished first. The load-bearing beams and columns of buildings should be removed after all the components they bear are removed.
(5) When the beam is dismantled, under the condition that the falling can be effectively controlled, the steel bars at both ends can be cut off and slowly put down one by one.
(6) When the column is demolished, the reinforcement should be chiseled along the bottom of the column, and the manual chain-reversing directional traction should be adopted, and the three-sided reinforcement of the column should be cut off by gas welding, and the front reinforcement in the traction direction should be retained.
(7) When dismantling pipelines and containers, it is necessary to find out the types and chemical properties of residues, and take corresponding measures before dismantling construction.
(8) The construction waste in the floor shall be transported by closed garbage passage or garbage bag, and shall not be thrown.
(9) When demolition works are carried out at high places, exile troughs shall be set. When dismantling larger or heavier components, it is necessary to use lifting ropes or hoisting machinery to cooperate, lift or transport them away in time, and it is forbidden to throw them down. Remove all kinds of component materials to clear in time, respectively, piled up in the designated location.
(10) When removing asbestos shingles and light structural roofing works, it is strictly forbidden for construction personnel to directly step on asbestos shingles and other light plates.
2. Mechanical demolition
(1) Mechanical demolition shall be carried out from top to bottom, layer by layer: the non-load-bearing structure shall be demolished first, and then the load-bearing structure shall be demolished. The demolition of frame structure buildings must be carried out in the order of floors, secondary beams, main beams and columns. For buildings that are only partially demolished, the remaining parts must be reinforced first, and then demolished separately.
(2) During the demolition construction, the construction shall be carried out in strict accordance with the mechanical equipment and hoisting scheme designed by the construction unit, and it is forbidden to overload or arbitrarily expand the scope of use. The site used for mechanical equipment must ensure sufficient bearing capacity. The machine shall not rotate and walk at the same time during operation.
(3) When two cranes are used for lifting, the load of each crane shall not exceed 80% of the allowable load, and the first crane shall try to lift the crane, and the two cranes shall keep synchronous operation during construction.
(4) When the steel roof truss is dismantled, it must be fastened with ropes, and the gas welding cutting operation can only be carried out after the crane is hoisted stably. In the process of lifting, auxiliary measures should be taken to keep the hoisted object in a stable state.
3. Demolition by blasting
(1) The construction unit engaged in blasting demolition works must hold the Explosive Use Permit issued by the legal department of the project location before undertaking the corresponding level of blasting demolition works. The designer of blasting demolition shall have the operation certificate of blasting engineering and technical personnel who undertake the scope of blasting demolition and the corresponding level. Operators engaged in blasting demolition construction shall hold relevant certificates.
(2) When blasting buildings in densely populated areas and traffic arteries, electric power and non-conductive initiation network should be used, and spark initiation is not allowed.
(3) When subsection initiation is adopted, millisecond tube initiation should be adopted.
(4) Controlled blasting with trace explosives can greatly reduce flying stones, but flying stones cannot be absolutely controlled, and appropriate protective measures should still be taken. If the shorter buildings are properly covered, a safety zone is set for the blasting of tall buildings to avoid damage to surrounding buildings and people.
(5) When some building structures are demolished by blasting, other structural parts should be kept intact. After blasting, if there are signs of danger in the reserved structure, safety measures should be taken before the operation can continue.
Chapter II Safety Management Measures for Demolition Works Chapter I Basis for Compilation
This special construction scheme is compiled according to the construction plan of the demolished building, the data and information obtained from the construction site investigation, the construction acceptance specifications, safety technical specifications, safety operation procedures and relevant national and local safety technical regulations related to the demolition project, and the technical equipment conditions of the unit.
Proceeding from reality, this scheme chooses an economical, reasonable and less disturbing demolition scheme under the premise of ensuring personal and property safety, and carries out scientific organization to achieve the purpose of safety, economy, rapidity and less disturbing people.
1, laws, regulations, norms and standards
2. Regulations of the State Council on the Administration of Construction Safety Production
3, the Ministry of construction "construction machinery safety operation procedures" JGJ59-9 1.
4. Technical Code for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ80-9 1)
5. Technical Specification for Demolition of Buildings and Structures DGJ08-70
6, "building construction safety inspection standard"
7. Noise limit at construction site GB 12523-90
8. Notice of the Ministry of Construction on Printing and Distributing the Measures for Safety Management of Dangerous Sectional Projects [20xx] No.87.
9. Construction specifications, methods and quality evaluation standards related to this project;
Chapter II Project Overview
I. Overview of the Project
Project name: Renovation and maintenance project of office building of Huludao Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision.
Demolition project: outdoor modeling wall
Time limit: in strict accordance with Party A's requirements, completed on schedule.
Second, the construction difficulties
(1) This project is to transform the original Longwan fishing village into the office building of the Commission for Discipline Inspection. The original project has been idle for more than ten years, and safety and fire fighting work are very important in this project. Therefore, our project department will establish an effective safety management system and construction measures to ensure the safety of construction personnel, ensure the demolition of the project, and successfully complete it within the construction period, laying the foundation for the smooth development of the decoration project.
(2) The demolition work will inevitably cause great noise and vibration. In order to reduce the normal work and rest of school staff and surrounding residents, our project department will strictly implement the requirements of demolition time.
(3) The demolition work should be completed within the specified time, which requires us to adopt reasonable construction arrangements, demolition procedures and demolition methods to ensure the smooth completion of all demolition works on all floors within the specified time.
(4) There are not many demolition projects in this project, but muck transportation is a big difficulty, which is bound to affect the road. Except for the construction according to the specified demolition time, all bulk materials and bulk articles are bagged and transported outside.
(5) After the construction is completed every day, the transportation road shall be cleaned to ensure the cleanliness of the street and not affect the sanitary environment of the area.
Chapter III Preparation before Construction
I. Technical preparation
1) Be familiar with the drawings of demolished buildings, and know the structure, construction, water and electricity, equipment and pipelines of the buildings.
2) Learn relevant specifications and safety technical documents.
3) Investigate the surrounding environment, site, roads, water and electricity equipment pipelines, etc.
4) Conduct safety technical education for the construction personnel entering the site.
Second, the site preparation
1) Remove the items within the demolition scope.
2) Dredge the transportation road and dismantle the temporary water, electricity and equipment during the construction.
3) Cut off water, electricity, heating, pipes, etc. Within the scope of demolition.
4) Before the demolition project starts, set up a protection system, close the construction site and set up an effective enclosure with a height of not less than 1. 8M, set up a safe passage and entrance gate at the designated location, and non-construction personnel are not allowed to enter the construction area.
5) Give a notice to the people around you. Eye-catching warning signs should be set up in the construction area of demolition project, and warning zone signs should be set up in the dangerous area of demolition.
6) According to the working environment of the demolition project construction site, corresponding fire safety measures should be formulated. The construction site shall be provided with fire truck passages to ensure sufficient fire water sources and equipped with sufficient fire fighting equipment.
Third, the preparation of mechanical materials and equipment
Prepare all equipment, tools, materials and labor protection articles needed for construction. Be responsible for connecting the required water and electricity from the connection port provided by Party A to the place where water and electricity are used, and ensure economical use.
Four, organization and labor preparation:
Establish a leading body and organize the labor force.
The project manager must conduct on-site command of the demolition project and take overall leadership responsibility for safety production.
The project manager department shall set up full-time security officers according to relevant regulations to check and implement various safety technical measures.
Chapter IV Construction Scheme and Measures
I. Determination of the Scheme
According to the building structure and surrounding environment, after careful analysis and research, we decided to adopt the construction methods of manual electric hammer and mechanical demolition, and under the unified leadership of the project department, we set up an outdoor demolition modeling wall group and a loading and unloading transportation group, with about 5 people in each group. Equipped with adequate tools and vehicles. And formulate safe and reliable measures, elaborate organization, reasonable arrangement and scientific management, so as to achieve civilized construction, safety first, high speed and high quality, and successfully complete the task.
Second, the construction measures
1, construction safety production card.
2, civilized construction card, completes the demolition project construction site WeiDang. Set up construction signs and safety warning signs at the eye-catching position on the construction site of house demolition project, take reliable protective measures and implement closed construction.
3, in strict accordance with the national mandatory standards, construction organization design or demolition scheme to implement the demolition construction work. Please cut off the power supply before disassembly. Manual demolition should usually be carried out symmetrically from top to bottom, and several floors should not be demolished at the same time, and vertical cross operation is not allowed. The hole on the operating surface should be closed. When one part is demolished, reinforcement measures should be taken first to prevent the other part from collapsing. Demolition workers must wear safety helmets and other labor protection articles correctly, fasten their safety belts when working at height, and are not allowed to take risks.
4. During the demolition operation, it is forbidden to gather or pile materials on the floor. Workers should stand on a stable structure or scaffold for operation, and the removed components should be placed in a safe place.
5. Effective measures should be taken to control the falling of demolished objects.
6. When dismantling the pipeline, it is necessary to find out the nature of the residue and take corresponding measures to ensure safety before construction.
7. Formulate safety technology management and establish safety technology archives.
8. Vehicles for removing muck should be closed or covered, and there should be special personnel to command them in and out of the site. The operation time of muck removal shall comply with the relevant regulations of the project location.
9, demolition engineering construction, should have measures to prevent dust and reduce noise.
10. After the demolition project is completed, the muck shall be removed from the site in time.
Chapter V Main Engineering Demolition Methods
First, the construction sequence
Construction sequence: the principle is "first up and then down, first inside and then outside, first non-load-bearing and then load-bearing structure" and "first dismantle the secondary structure, then dismantle the load-bearing columns and beams".
1. Dismantle the outdoor modeling wall divided into two working areas, from top to bottom in turn.
2. The demolition project sequence is outdoor modeling wall.
3, from upstairs to downstairs handling, loading sinotrans.
4, clean up the layers of legacy and garbage, etc.
5, clean up the scene, the completion inspection and acceptance.
Second, the main methods:
1. Demolition of the wall: demolish the outdoor modeling wall, set up four working faces in turn, and set up double-row scaffolding on each working face (see the construction organization design for scaffolding and dismantling). First, mechanical disassembly is needed, and then manual cooperation is needed. After the beam member in the wall is cut into 2m, it will be lifted by crane. It should be noted that when the wind speed is above 10m/s, the hoisting and dismantling should be stopped; In rainy days, in principle, it will not be demolished; Equipped with experienced lifting and dismantling personnel; Always check the strength and fatigue of lifting equipment and steel wire.
2. Transportation of waste materials: Generally, the materials removed on the same day will be transported at night. It is required that the items demolished on the same day are basically transported at night, so as not to leave items at the scene as far as possible and not to store items outside the demolition site.
All bulk materials and articles shall be bagged and transported outside except for the construction at the specified demolition time. Garbage transportation is dismantled through garbage passage and elevator shipment. There is a special person who is responsible for cleaning the garbage crossing to avoid blocking the hole.
Chapter VI Earthquake Prevention and Noise Reduction Measures
1, machinery and equipment with good performance, low noise and small vibration are mostly used in this project.
2, do not destroy any main structure and other reservations.
3. The speed of transport vehicles in the venue and residential areas should be controlled within 5km/h, and it is forbidden to honk the horn or coax the accelerator.
4, personnel in other places construction or after, it is forbidden to talk loudly.
5. Handle with care when loading and unloading articles.
6, demolition work, should be top-down, step by step, it is forbidden to the whole wall or large pieces of collapse from a height, absolutely forbidden to empty the building from below to make the whole building collapse.
Chapter VII Fire Prevention Measures on the Construction Site
In order to do a good job in fire control, ensure the safety of the construction site and surrounding buildings, equipment and facilities, realize civilized construction and safe construction, and eliminate fire hazards, fire prevention measures during construction are specially formulated:
1. Before the management personnel enter the site, they shall conduct education and training on safety and fire prevention for all staff, establish a fire prevention responsibility system step by step, commend and reward those who have done a good job in fire prevention and achieved remarkable results, and punish or punish those who fail to perform or violate the fire prevention responsibility according to the situation and the severity of the consequences. Those who violate the criminal law shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
2. Improve the provision of fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting equipment. According to the water source provided by Party A, it is equipped with 3 sets of fire isolation belts and 5 fire extinguishers.
3. Set up a leading group for safety and fire prevention, with the project manager as the team leader, full-time security officer as the deputy team leader, and each construction team leader as the team member. Establish a volunteer fire brigade.
4, the key parts of the construction site to register, formulate fire fighting plan, for not less than two times.
5. Volunteer firefighters should achieve "two knowledge, three meetings and three abilities" (know fire prevention knowledge and fire fighting knowledge; Will report the fire, will evacuate and help themselves, and will assist in the rescue; Can check the problem, can publicize the common sense of fire prevention, and can put out the small fire that started at the beginning.
6, closed the construction site at the same time, to leave enough fire exits.
7. Organize relevant personnel to regularly inspect, guide and publicize fire prevention knowledge and report the inspection results, handle hidden dangers in time, take measures when accidents are found, and report the fire in time.
8. After entering the site, clean up the combustible materials in the construction area, load them and transport them to the designated disposal site for proper treatment.
9. It is forbidden to use open flame when dismantling wooden structures and oily items, and the dismantled items should be cleared out in time.
10, strictly manage the power consumption, and it is forbidden to connect the power privately. Temporary power consumption must be approved by Party A, and electrical appliances and lighting facilities should be installed according to the specifications.
1 1. When working with open flames such as electric welding, it is necessary to clean up the surrounding combustible materials, and it can be implemented only after passing the inspection and being approved by the project manager.
12, if there is any situation, it should be reported in time to avoid delaying the fire fighting opportunity. Call the fire alarm number 1 19 if necessary.
Chapter VIII Dust Prevention and Environmental Sanitation Measures
1. During the construction period, designated persons shall regularly clean the roads around the construction perimeter, the Sanbao area leading to the main road and the road in front of the door. During the waste removal period, 2-3 people shall be sent to clean it every day.
There is no dust on the construction site. When dismantling, if necessary, spray water to remove dust at the same time.
3. The ability and condition of transport vehicles are good; Clean the wheels when the vehicle comes out to avoid dust flying or splashing.
4. Some toxic, harmful and polluted articles should be treated separately to avoid polluting the land or endangering the health of others after being shipped out.
5, special types of construction personnel, equipped with labor protection articles, to prevent pollution, protect the health of construction personnel.
6, environmental sanitation management is an important means to realize green construction, must be combined with the whole construction process; At the same time, accept the supervision and inspection of Party A with an open mind, constantly improve and perfect the environmental protection and health measures, and make the green construction better.
Chapter IX Safety Construction Measures
1, before the start of the construction, all the construction personnel shall be provided with technical safety, fire control and other education disclosure, so that the education before and after work can be summarized, and the structure of the demolished object can be understood in detail, and the construction can only be started after all the personnel know it clearly.
2. Workers should sign a construction safety agreement before entering the site, define safety responsibilities, ensure safe and reasonable employment, and designate a special person to be responsible for safety production command.
3, construction personnel should abide by the three major disciplines of production safety; Safety helmet must be worn when entering the construction site; Safety belts must be fastened for aerial work; Don't drop anything when working high above the ground.
4. Construction personnel should wear a pass when entering the site; Business personnel need to get their helmets from the doorman before entering the stadium.
5. Party A and the company's superior leaders get the safety helmet in the project department, and enter the site for inspection accompanied by on-site personnel and direct the inspection.
6, each type of work must be in accordance with the safety technical operation procedures of this type of work.
7. Mechanical vehicles are not allowed to work with diseases. Check the firmness of ropes and components every time.
8. When working high above the ground, check whether the base is stable, and observe the structural connection when working in sections. Do not do three-dimensional operations.
9. Before demolition, check the indoor and outdoor conditions of the demolished building, so that there are fences, holes and covers, and safety measures when there are construction projects.
10. Do three things during construction: don't hurt yourself, don't hurt others, and don't be hurt by others; Ensure safe construction.
1 1, construction will be stopped due to gale and thunderstorm above level 4.
12. During the construction period, designated persons shall regularly clean the Sanbao area in front of the door and the traffic arteries around the construction site.
13. When removing muck, water should be sprayed to reduce dust.
14, the transport vehicle capacity and vehicle condition are in good condition to prevent dust from falling; When the vehicle comes out, you must check whether the rope is firm.
15. Smoking is prohibited in the venue. The use of naked flame should be approved, fire hydrants should be set up, and fire extinguishers should be equipped where naked flame is used.
16. It is forbidden to urinate anywhere in the stadium.
17, cooperate with the site doorman to prevent public security accidents and prevent irrelevant personnel from entering the site.
18, machinery, vehicle noise elimination system in good condition, as far as possible to reduce the construction noise, parking position is appropriate; Materials should be packed neatly, and all traffic arteries should be clear and clean.
19. Protect the preserved buildings, flowers and trees.
20, conscientiously implement the civilization convention, do a good job in the construction of spiritual civilization.
2 1. When hoisting, the principle of "ten no hoisting" shall be strictly observed.
Chapter 10 Civilized Construction Measures
1. Before construction, set up obvious signs at all crossings and intersections in the demolition area, and assign special personnel to guard them to warn pedestrians and vehicles to pay attention to safety.
2, in the process of demolition, when necessary, sprinkling water on the construction site, and sprinkling water in the demolition building indoor dust; Minimize dust.
3. The mechanical silencing system is intact, so as to reduce the noise as much as possible.
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