One of the basic genres of China folk songs. Widely distributed and rich in reserves. One view is that everything that spreads in plateaus and mountains.

folk song

In regions and hilly areas, folk songs with free rhythm and long melody are commonly known as folk songs, which people masturbate and entertain themselves in various individual labor such as walking, chopping wood, grazing, mowing grass or folk songs. Another point of view is that, from the genre characteristics, pastoral songs, hymns and banquet songs sung by herdsmen on the grassland, fishing songs and boat songs sung by fishermen on rivers, lakes and seas, and "crying wedding songs" sung at weddings in some places in the south should also belong to folk songs. Because they also have the basic characteristics of singing in individual labor, singing freely, entertaining themselves and masturbating. Generally speaking, this broad concept of folk songs is more helpful for us to understand the artistic characteristics of folk songs.

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folk song

The spread and distribution of China folk songs are mainly concentrated in Inner Mongolia Plateau, Northwest Loess Plateau, Qinghai Plateau, Xinjiang Plateau, Southwest Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Qinling Daba Mountain Area, Dabie Mountain Area, Wuyishan Mountain Area and Tibet Plateau. One of the most representative.

Folk song duet (8 photos)

The spread areas and varieties of sex are: all kinds of "long tune" songs occupied by grasslands in Inner Mongolia, "Xintianyou", "Qu Shan" and "Mountain Climbing Tune" in western Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia, "Hua 'er" of Han and Hui nationalities in Ningxia, Gansu and Qinghai, "Pastoral Songs" of various ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and "Sister Songs" in southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan. "Morning Songs" (also known as "hymns"), Dading folk songs, Midu folk songs, Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan border ethnic minority folk songs, "Tibetan folk songs" in Tibetan inhabited areas, Guangdong-Guangxi ethnic minority folk songs, etc.

This section of classified folk songs can be divided into three categories: general folk songs, Tian Yang folk songs and herding folk songs.

Generally speaking, folk songs are widely distributed in Han areas of China, such as "Journey to Heaven" in northern Shaanxi, "Wall" in Qinghai and "Driving Slow Cattle" in Anhui.

Tian Yang folk songs are mainly used for transplanting rice seedlings and carrying water. It is a kind of folk song sung by a special "Yangko Bangzi" in the fields, aiming at inspiring workers' mood and improving their work efficiency.

Pastoral folk songs are folk songs sung by herders to roar or ask questions to livestock and amuse each other. Most of them are sung for children, with lively tunes, lively lyrics and interesting words, often with shouts.

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folk song

The types of folk songs are the unique names of local folk songs in different regions. The common types are Xintianyou in northern Shaanxi, Qu Shan in Shanxi, Climbing Mountain Tune in Inner Mongolia, Huaer and Juvenile in Qinghai and Gansu, Catch Five Sentences in Hubei, Morning Song in Sichuan, Earning Neck Red in Anhui and so on. at present

Charm of Folk Songs (8 photos)

There are also popular Meng Jiangnv tunes, such as "Kyushu Moon Bend"; Cut beautiful flowers, such as "Back to Mother's Home"; Flowers are as beautiful as jasmine; Embroidered purse tune such as "Walking West". For example, Zhangjiajie's folk songs include Sister Flower, Little Aunt, Bird with Head and so on. The Niushan Song of Tujia people in Guizhou, Ga August of Dong people, Zhuang sisters' village of Zhuang people, etc. There are other folk songs, Midu folk songs, Dui Bird, When will the Sophora flowers bloom, Malan folk songs, folk songs sing spring every year, folk songs get married, unforgettable tonight and so on.

The lyrics of the popular folk song "Flower" in Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia are "Flower". The lyrics of "Wall" mainly have two structures. One is the "head-to-tail" style, which consists of four lyrics, that is, two pairs of sentences. The number of words in each sentence is roughly the same, but the phrase structure of the upper and lower lyrics forms a staggered effect in rhythm, and a single number or phrase is opposite to an even number. The second lyric structure is vividly called "two loads of water" or "broken waist" by local people, which is a six-sentence structure, that is, adding three to five words between each pair of upper and lower sentences in the "head-to-tail" style, which not only increases the capacity of lyrics, but also has a changeable rhythm and is catchy to read. Heaping: Heaping is a common technique in folk songs. Reduplicated sentences generally have a dense rhythm, often with one word and one sound, which is not melodious, and the rhythm is handled neatly and consistently, similar to the recited number plate. Reduplication does not pursue the ups and downs of melody, but highlights the dynamic rhythm. Overlapping sentences are often inserted in the middle of folk songs, and the sonorous rhythm and melodious melody stretch back and forth in sharp contrast, and at the same time expand the capacity of words. Reduplication also has the function of re-accumulating strength for the subsequent stretching melody. Add stack and write "clip stack". It is an addition to the structure of folk songs and is often sandwiched in the middle of a paragraph.

Dehua folk songs are a part of folk songs. They are the art of singing folk stories, integrating literature and music. They are a way for men and women to express their feelings while working in Shan Ye.

Dehua folk songs with Dehua characteristics are different from other local folk songs in the following aspects: First, they have a long history and a clear origin. The origin of Dehua folk songs can be traced back to the late Tang Dynasty. Yan You, director of Guidechang (the predecessor of Dehua County), "wrote hundreds of poems, which were told to the people". The folk beauty calls it Yan Chang Guan Shi, and the poems include Nong Sang, Zhu Men, Visiting Dao, Bian Ting, City, Poor Girl and City. Secondly, the promotion of local operas. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the rise of Dehua rural opera classes, puppet shows, gaojia operas, puppet shows, lion dances and dragon dances has promoted the prosperity and development of folk songs. The third is to sing in Dehua local dialect. Lyrics rhyme, language is refined, and the text is clear; There are obvious characteristics of folk oral arrangement, such as word selection, habitual oral word formation, syllable rhythm arrangement and so on. The fourth is euphemistic singing. Dehua folk songs have the characteristics of simple melody, simple rhythm and strong regularity. The songs are not ups and downs, relatively stable, easy to sing, vivid, vivid, cordial, natural, simple and unique.

Dehua folk songs include love songs, labor songs, current political songs, ritual songs and life songs. For example, labor songs include Call Niu Ge, Cowherd Brother, Rock-beating Song, Singing in the Field, Writing Tian Ge, etc. The current political songs include the good reputation of resisting Japan and saving the nation, moonlight, the song of the brave, the discipline song of the Red Army, and the song of turning over. Ritual songs include "tactical songs", "festival songs", "custom songs" and "festival songs". Love songs have a * * * dedicated mother, a water girl, the fragrance from the wind, and it seems that I am watching you. Life songs include "Song of Persuading Filial Piety", "Song of Gu Niu", "Asking Jia to be upset" and "Flowers bloom all over the garden".

Dehua folk songs are a rare local cultural carrier in the economically developed Minnan cultural circle. People use folk songs to praise the new society and new life. Rural folk songs in mountainous areas are sung everywhere, which enriches the cultural life of rural people and plays an important role in local folk etiquette activities, local publicity and foreign exchanges. [1] Gannan Hakka folk songs Gannan Hakka folk songs are formed and developed with the formation of Hakka clans, and are the product of the integration of the immigrant culture of the Central Plains with the local indigenous culture and the influence of surrounding cultures. Hakka folk songs are folk songs sung in Hakka dialect, which are produced by Hakka working people. When people cut wood, pick catalpa trees, cut trees to discharge, shovel oil, carry burdens, work in the fields, or find companions to drive away wild animals and robbers; Or joke songs to eliminate fatigue: or complain; Or vent their anger; Or express love between men and women and so on. , are in the form of folk songs. The colorful content of "singing opera is half fake, folk songs are true" is a mirror of Hakka life. Among them, the number of love songs is the largest and the most distinctive. As the folk song says, "since ancient times, the mountains have sung romantic songs" and "folk songs don't sing romantic songs". Such as love, temptation, pursuit, first love, passionate love, lovelorn, farewell, lovesickness, lovelorn and so on. , are expressed through a large number of different forms of folk songs. For example, a mountain in Shangyou sings: "On the high mountain, there is a curse that my sister's family will eat the sun;" When Sister Xi heard the curse ring, she threw away the chopsticks as soon as she threw the bowl. " It shows the innocent and lively image of my sister who has no intention of eating when she hears Qingge singing folk songs. Another example is Xingguo's "The Tangle of Life and Death": "When you enter the mountains, you will see vines winding trees; When I came out of the mountain, I saw trees winding vines; The tree is dead and the vine is entangled, and the vine is also entangled in life and death. " Songs go with people. This folk song, which shows the immortality of love, is not only widely circulated in southern Jiangxi, but also sung in eastern Guangdong, western Fujian, Guangxi and Taiwan Province Province. It inherits the traditional style in The Book of Songs, is deeply influenced by the Tang poetry and Zhi Zhu's ci, and at the same time absorbs the excellent elements of folk songs from all over the south. For thousands of years, it has been widely circulated and sung for a long time. Hakka folk songs include labor songs, exhortation songs, industry songs, vaudeville songs, bravado songs, metaphysics songs, somersault songs, riddle songs, tune guessing, minor songs, bamboo songs and so on. Hakka folk songs have beautiful melodies, and almost all of them have decorative sounds such as vibrato, sliding sound and leaning sound, which makes the melody circuitous and euphemistic. Hakka folk songs are sung in a variety of ways, including Songkou Yuanban folk songs, Meixian folk songs, Xingning Luogang folk songs, Jiaoling Changtan folk songs and Tai Po Xihe folk songs.

Xingguo County in xingguo folk song is located in the south of Jiangxi Province and the north of Gannan, and belongs to Ganzhou City. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Wujiahe established a county in the ninth year (AD 236), formerly known as Pingyang County. In the seventh year of Song Taiping's revival (AD 982), the county seat was named after the year of "Xingguo", which has a history of more than 1000 years. Zhong Ling is a prosperous country with abundant talents. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhong Shaojing, the King of Yue, was ordered by the Chinese Secretariat, and his calligraphy succeeded Wei Xiao, making him famous all over the world. In the Song Dynasty, there were seven fathers and sons, Li Qian and Lipu, who were all famous for their Neo-Confucianism poems ... with rich historical and cultural accumulation. The county has jurisdiction over 25 townships (towns) and 304 administrative villages with a population of 730,000. There are many hills in the territory, with centipede mountain, Dawushan mountain, Furen mountain and Qin 'e mountain in the east, north and west respectively, and Fangshiling is in the middle, with only one corner facing south and low terrain. The mountains are densely forested. In ancient times, most villagers were woodcutters or semi-farmers and semi-firewood.

According to legend, xingguo folk song "began in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty, and was passed down from generation to generation." There is a record in Xingguo County Records that the "Tai Shang Lao Jun" sang folk songs in the Tang Dynasty. Su Dongpo, a great scholar in the Song Dynasty, also left a quatrain of "the woodcutter in the mountain explains poetry". The folklore xingguo folk song was written by Luo Yin, the last scholar in the late Tang Dynasty. There is also a long-standing folk song: he can sing folk songs, refute songs and weave shuttles; Luoyin scholars write songbooks, saying, "Sister comes to brother". Thus, xingguo folk song has a history of at least thousands of years. Xingguo folk song was originally a song sung by villagers in fields and forests. However, in the middle of the Song Dynasty, a feudal superstitious activity called "Picking One" spread from Hakka in western Fujian to Xingguo. Xingguo folk song, who is deeply loved by the masses, originally intended to pray for auspicious things and wish peace and happiness. It has a unique program for drawing symbols. However, in order to attract more audiences, the clever mage introduced dance, which was divided into two parts: one was ritual activities, and the other was entertainment, that is, singing folk songs. So, xingguo folk song entered the indoor singing. Folk songs, followed by characters, plots, stories, performances, men and women couples (disguised as men), and then gradually go deep into temple fairs, weddings, building houses, birthdays and other folk activities.

At this point, xingguo folk song has two parallel development paths: one is Shan Ye's impromptu singing in the field, and the other is the indoor entertainment folk songs of professional singers. During the Soviet period, xingguo folk song became a powerful battlefield propaganda weapon, wrote a brilliant chapter of "One Folk Song and Three Divisions", and a song "Good Style of Cadres in the Soviet Area" spread throughout the Soviet area. After the founding of New China, xingguo folk song was famous for publicizing the Agrarian Revolution and praising New China. 1996, the Ministry of Culture officially named Xingguo as "the hometown of folk songs".

Jingning she folk songs Jingning she folk songs are oral literature created by Jingning she people in the struggle of production and life, and are an important part of she traditional culture. She people love folk songs, speak with songs and exchange feelings; Discuss with songs, promote good and punish evil; It is better to fight with wisdom than to spread knowledge through songs. They not only sing during weddings, funerals and celebrations, but also sing during productive labor, entertaining guests and taking a rest. Even during funerals and sorrows, they don't cry or make trouble and pour out their hearts. In the old society, in the struggle with the ruling class, the She people often used folk songs as weapons to express their hatred for the oppressors and their pursuit of beauty. After the liberation, the revolutionary folk songs and hymns, which mainly praised the leadership of the production party and the new socialist life in China, reflected the new ideological outlook of the She people, which was different from the traditional folk songs.

Generally, a folk song consists of four lines, seven words and four sentences. There are still a few lyrics whose first sentence is three or five words, which pay attention to rhyme, and the last word of the third sentence must be ambiguous. Folk songs often sing falsetto, including solo, duet and chorus. Rarely accompanied by action and music. Famous singers include Lan Chuncui (female), Lei Shilian, Lan Zhenshui, Lei Longhua (female), Lei Tuoyin (female), Lei Yongqing, Lan Rongchang, Lan Yugen and Lan (female).

She folk songs include narrative songs, folk songs, labor songs, love songs, seasonal songs, novel songs, revolutionary folk songs, children's songs and miscellaneous songs. Jingning has more than 3,000 handwritten songs and more than 20,000 songs. Based on the local historical facts, The Great Nine innings, The Big Yanba, The Ancient Songs and The Songs of Mrs. Tang were compiled into the Collection of Chinese Folk Literature, Zhejiang Volume, including 935 songs about marriage customs of She nationality and 642 songs about funeral, which were compiled by Zhejiang She folk literature and art society.

In Eighteen Little Girls Learn to Insert Fields, the shit pit faces forward; Roadside merchants, don't be ridiculous, cut in for my husband. Folk songs of She nationality are oral literature of She nationality and an important part of her culture. She people only have language but no writing, and often memorize their pronunciation with Chinese characters to copy many songbooks by hand. In the old society, she people had no chance to receive cultural education, and they regarded learning songs and singing as an important cultural life. Therefore, before the 1960s, the popularity of folk songs was very high, and songs were often used as endorsements to communicate feelings. Discuss with songs, promote good and punish evil; Spreading knowledge through songs and fighting wits and courage have formed a custom of singing songs for working in the mountains, receiving visitors, weddings, funerals and celebrations.

She folk songs have seven words and one sentence, four sentences and one song, which pay attention to the rhyme of She language. Many people will improvise, and some singers will sing in pairs for one or two nights without repeating. When singing, sing in a falsetto, and use the same sounds as "Li, Luo, Ah, Yi and Le". When learning songs, what is sung without falsetto is called "flat singing". Every county has a happy song, and the whole nation has a sad song. Singing forms include solo, duet and chorus, rarely accompanied by action and instrumental music. When working in the mountains, when I am alone, I often use singing to drive away loneliness. When someone hears it in the distance and recognizes it as the opposite sex of similar age, they often connect and develop into a duet of love. People often sing in the mountains, so some people call Jingning Shexiang a sea of songs, and some people call her songs folk songs.

These are original folk songs. Others, such as Folk Songs Like Spring River, are the theme songs of Sister Liu, which were later adapted.

Liuzhou Folk Songs Yufeng Mountain in Liuzhou, Guangxi is the birthplace of Liuzhou folk songs. Legend has it that Liu Sanjie, a singer of Zhuang nationality, flew to the sky by fish here and became a fairy. Liuzhou folk songs have a long history. They have experienced many vicissitudes since the Tang Dynasty. Nowadays, every holiday, at the foot of Yufeng Mountain, the edge of Xiaolongtan and People's Square, singers spontaneously sing folk songs, surrounded by a large audience, and the scene is cheerful and warm. In modern cities, folk songs are still an ancient cultural form, which is rare in cities all over the country.

Liuzhou folk songs include solo, chorus and duet, among which duet is the most commonly used and distinctive form in Liuzhou traditional folk songs. Duet singing, commonly known as duet, is a form of competition in which singers or song teams compete for talents. So they are also called SEG and galante, which are highly antagonistic and competitive. Whenever there is a song meeting, you and I sing on both sides of the song, improvise, improvise and export it into a song. The lyrics are humorous and vivid, and the songs are quick and sharp, which often makes listeners laugh.

Edit this paragraph with eight sentences: eight sentences are also written as "eight sentences", which is a structural type of folk songs and is popular in Sichuan and southern Shaanxi. Its structural form is as follows: two sections, the second section is the repetition or change of the first section; In the middle, there is a paragraph with the nature of a number board, the rhythm is relatively dense than the previous two paragraphs, and the sentence width is compact. The whole song is ***8 sentences. Some even form a complete four-sentence section in the middle of eight sentences, forming a trilogy structure with reproducibility. Five-character songs: Five-character songs are also a structural type of folk songs, which are popular in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and southwestern Shaanxi. Its structural form is as follows: sentences 1 and 2 are the corresponding paragraphs of the upper and lower sentences, sentences 4 and 5 are the repetitions or changes of sentences 1 and 2, the middle sentence or sentence 1 changes its tail (that is, the end of the phrase changes), or the combination (comparison) of sentences 1 and 2, and the drop in the third sentence. In this way, the falling tone of the five songs has formed the following rules: the fifth tone-tonic-tonic (or the second or fourth tone)-the fifth tone-tonic.

Free and long rhythm is the characteristic of typical folk songs, which is mainly manifested in two interdependent aspects. First, in the part of stating the lyrics, the rhythm of folk songs is close to the rhythm of natural language, with the aim of directly and clearly saying what is in your heart; Secondly, after the phrase or sentence of the lyrics is read aloud (dòu), that is, at the end of the melody segment or phrase, folk songs often have free prolongation sounds to express their sighs heartily. The regular and dense rhythm of the lyrics is in sharp contrast with the freely extending voice in emotional singing. The frequent and diversified alternation of the two enriches the rhythm layout of folk songs and enhances the expressive force of folk songs.

More albums, duet of folk songs (8) Charm of folk songs (8) Pictures (4)

reference data

1. Dehua folk songs. Open classification:

Music, songs, folk songs, folk songs, Wu dialect

2. The original meaning of Wu language ancient book editing

Ask for help to edit the contents of the Catalogue of Folk Songs and its influence on folk songs. Folk Songs is an album of China Jiangnan folk songs written in the Ming Dynasty, which was collected and arranged by Feng Menglong. This book is a small collection of folk songs that records the Wu dialect areas in Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty (including Suzhou, Huzhou and Jiaxing today). "Folk songs" have been lost for a long time, and folk songs in Wu dialect areas around 1934 (including Suzhou, Huzhou and Jiaxing today) have been mobilized. Folk Song has been lost for a long time. 1934, the owner of Shanghai Chuanjingtang visited Huizhou and got the original work, which was printed and published after proofreading by Gu Jiegang.

The editing style of this passage of Folk Songs breaks the previous practice of simply classifying by genre, focusing on content, giving consideration to genres, supplemented by necessary comments. This book has 10 volumes, including 356 songs from Wu Ge and 24 popular songs from Tongcheng. Many of these chapters truly reflect the passionate and brave pursuit of love, with obvious anti-feudal ethical code color and strong artistic appeal.

Bixing technology is widely used in expression methods. Language is distinctive, close to spoken language, and puns are often used. Proverbs and allegorical sayings also have many applications. These works have a strong flavor of life.

Due to the limitation of the editor's world outlook, there are still some vulgar and even obscene works in folk songs. In terms of content, most of this almost lost folk song is not desirable.

This folk song editing influenced Feng Menglong to briefly expound the characteristics, development history, value and social function of folk songs in Narrating Folk Songs, which is an early folk song essay and an important material for studying Feng Menglong's folk literature and art thought. In his comments, he suggested that the arrangement of folk songs should follow the original appearance of folk literature works, which is of great significance to the collection and compilation of folk literature. This book has reference value for studying the development and social life of Jiangnan folk songs in Ming Dynasty.

Suzhou folk songs in the late Ming Dynasty objectively retained a lot of Wu vocabulary, which is of great value to the current study of Wu history.

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