Xu Zhimo (1897 ~ 193 1) is a modern poet and essayist. Haining, Zhejiang. The name of the seal, the ink of the word, the fine print and Shen. Used pen name: Nanhu, Yun Zhonghe. Haining, Zhejiang, a wealthy family. Pen names Yun Zhonghe, Nanhu and Shizhe. Middle school is in the same class as Yu Dafu. 19 16 was admitted to Peking University. In the same year, she married Zhang Youyi, who was only 16 years old. 19 18 went to study in the United States. 1920 went to the University of Cambridge, England to study for a doctorate. During this period, Xu Zhimo had an extramarital affair with Lin, and left Cambridge in August of the same year. 1923, he founded the crescent society with Hu Shi and others as the main members. 1924, Tagore, a great Indian poet, visited China, with Xu Zhimo as translator, and then Thailand roamed Europe. In the same year, I met Lu Xiaoman, a married woman, and fell in love. 1June, 926, Lu Xiaoman and I got married. 1June 927, Professor of Shanghai Guanghua University,1June 929, Editor of Zhonghua Book Company. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/930, he was invited by Hu Shizhi to be a professor in Peking University. During this period, Xu Zhimo traveled between Beiping and Shanghai for a living. But it's still hard to satisfy Lu Xiaoman. He has made a new start, but it's hard to divorce again because of old feelings and face. He fell into deep pain. 193 1 year 1 year 1 year 65438+9 years, I flew from Nanjing to Beiping, and my plane crashed on the way, and I died at the foot of Mount Tai at the age of 35. As a famous bourgeois gentleman poet in the history of modern literature in China, Xu Zhimo can be said to be the soul of new poetry, and it is not too much to call him a "philosopher of poetry" or a "poet saint". Mao Dun said that he was both a "pioneer poet" and a "last poet" of China bourgeoisie, and his successors could not catch up with him. His new poems are immortal, and his behavior and character are appreciated and loved by his peers, friends and students. Although his persistent pursuit of love is a romantic story in the literary world and he has many regrets, his pure humanitarian feelings of advocating freedom, equality and fraternity and his spirit of pursuing the true meaning of life are earth-shattering. No wonder the tragic news of this young poet shocked the world. Hu Shilian shouted: "Genius died suddenly, but China literature was lost!" Among his many friends, including Liang Qichao, Yu Dafu, Chen Xiying and Liu Haisu. , Chen, and Shen Congwen, etc. There is no one who does not admire and admire his talent and conduct, just as Shen Congwen said: "He is handsome, tolerant, informal, not tacky, not stingy, not snobbish, his enthusiasm for life in the universe, and his personality is beautiful and radiant. It shows his personality charm. As the soul of the Crescent Society, his achievements in poetry creation should be regarded as the literary standard of this century, and Gu Nie's prose style is also unique. Chen Xiying, Shen Congwen, Liang Shiqiu and Zhou Zuoren all praised the beauty of his writing style, and his students admired him even more. Zhao believes that there is no other essayist like Xu Zhimo who is gorgeous and gushing in writing. Some people even think that the unique style of his prose is "a poetic form". "In any case, Xu Zhimo's prose has its unique charm. Hu Shi said that Xu Zhimo's outlook on life has only three words: one is love, the other is freedom and the third is beauty. It really hit the nail on the head. As a bourgeois writer full of poetic temperament, Xu Zhimo's short life journey not only shows the naive romance of this prodigy, but also reveals the naive absurdity of this idealist living in utopia. In his prose, it is not difficult to see his embarrassment and comity in measuring China's national conditions with Anglo-American democracy, and under this circumstance, there is also a patriotic heart of intellectuals. Xu Zhimo is not only a lover in love, but also a childlike boy in politics. Many of his essays exposed the darkness of society, attacked the disadvantages of the times, and showed the impassioned humanitarian feelings of bourgeois literati. Of course, if we talk about the profound meaning of Xu Zhimo's prose, we may not have the profound sense of sharpness and broadness of Lu Xun and the sense of sophistication and vicissitudes of life of Yu Dafu, but its lyrical features are incomparable to any modern essayist. Its prose is always full of passion, even if it is decadent, it is hearty to read, and it is definitely not lingering. Xu Zhimo seems to have a kind of "love for the moon" in his heart. As a symbol of love, the moon is always a beautiful condensation in his heart. This is explained in his essay Ghost Story. Chanting about the moon, loving the moon and enjoying the moon are also common in Xu Zhimo's prose, which just forms an internal connection with his love hymns and constitutes the soul of Xu Zhimo's poetry. In Xu Zhimo's love letters, the fiery flame of love in the once-popular love letter has burned the blood of countless young people. In these articles, the innocence and romance of love guru's persistent pursuit of love are truly reflected. Xu Zhimo's poems and songs are unique in style. Like a woman who pursues beauty, the first thing he looks at is gorgeous appearance. Chu Anping once said in the article "Mourning for Mr. Zhimo": "The connotation is its bones, and the rhetoric is its appearance; A most sturdy house cannot be regarded as its architectural art without some modern colors and contours. " This shows that Xu Zhimo's artificial style, colorful language and grandiose sentences directly constitute the external beauty of his prose, coupled with the surging internal passion, just like the "appearance" of a free and easy romantic genius. Perhaps it is because he pays too much attention to the beauty of appearance and form, but ignores the forging of life connotation, which makes his poems sometimes enter the realm of illusion and decadence. Of course, even if he expresses such connotation, it is full of the beauty of his gorgeous appearance. This proves that his love life is the same. The crisis in his later love affair with Lu Xiaoman was also the result of his initial attention to external beauty. Xu Zhimo is a representative poet of Crescent School. 19 15 graduated from Hangzhou No.1 Middle School and studied in Shanghai Hujiang University, Tianjin Beiyang University and Peking University successively. 19 18 went to the United States to study banking. 192 1 went to study in the uk and became a special student at Cambridge university in London, studying political economy. My two years in Cambridge were deeply influenced by western education and romantic and aesthetic poets in Europe and America. 192 1 Start writing new poems. 1922 After returning to China, he published a lot of poems in newspapers and periodicals. 1923, participated in the establishment of crescent society and joined the literature research society. 1924 founded Modern Poetry Review with Hu Shi and Chen Xiying, and was hired as Professor Peking University. Translated by Tagore, a great Indian poet, when he visited China. From 65438 to 0925, he went to Europe and traveled to the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, France and other countries. From 65438 to 0926, he was the editor-in-chief of the supplement of Morning News Poetry Magazine, and started the metrical movement of new poetry with Wen Yiduo and Zhu Xiang, which influenced the development of new poetry art. In the same year, he moved to Shanghai and served as a professor at Guanghua University, Daxia University and Nanjing Central University. 1927 participated in the establishment of Crescent Bookstore. The following year, he served as editor-in-chief after the publication of New Moon. And travel abroad to Britain, the United States, Japan, India and other countries. 65438-0930 Member of China Cultural Fund Committee, elected as a member of British Poetry Society. In the winter of the same year, he taught in Peking University and Peking Women's University. 193 1 At the beginning of the year, he founded Poetry Quarterly with Chen and Fang, and was elected as the director of China Branch of Pen Club. In the same year165438+1October, 19, flying from Nanjing to Beiping, the plane crashed into a mountain near Jinan due to a level 7 fog, causing death. There are poems by Zhi Mo, Jade Frozen One Night, Tiger Collection, Wandering, and essays by Lu Xiaoman. His works have been edited and published as Collected Works of Xu Zhimo. Xu Shi's poems are fresh, harmonious in rhythm, novel in metaphor, rich in imagination, beautiful in artistic conception, elegant in thought and full of changes. He pursues neatness and splendor in artistic form and has a distinct artistic personality. He is a representative poet of the Crescent School. His prose is unique and has achieved no less achievements than poetry. Among them, Self-Anatomy, Want to Fly, Cambridge as I Know It and Chatting in Yushan Residence are all masterpieces handed down from generation to generation.