About 50 thousand years ago, there were activities of Liujiang people and Bailiandong people in the Paleolithic Age of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The earliest human beings in Guangxi are called Baiyue or Baiyue aborigines in history books. Zhuang nationality is a descendant of the ancient Baiyue tribe Xi 'ou and Luoyuezhi, and it is the earliest nationality living in Guangxi.
In ancient Guangxi, there was an ancient country of Cangwu, which coexisted with Yao and Shun. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Guangxi was called Baiyue. After the conquest of Qin Shihuang, Guilin County, Nanhai County and Xiang Jun County were established, and South Vietnam was divided into nine counties in the Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Liang established Guangxi as the county of Guangxi. In the Tang Dynasty, Guangxi was divided into Lingnan East Road and Lingnan West Road.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period? Chu and Nan Han fought for Guangxi for a long time. In Song Dynasty, Guangxi was set up as Guangnan Road, Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road. In the Yuan Dynasty, Guangxi was set as Guangxi Province, and its name was officially put on the historical stage and still used today.
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In the pre-Qin period, Guangxi was far away from the Central Plains, and its economic and cultural level was relatively backward. Guangxi and Guangdong are called "the land of barbarians" together. In order to promote the communication between Baiyue region and the Central Plains region, the rulers of Zhou Dynasty established Chu Ting in Lingnan region. During this period, the central plains governments had no actual control over the region.
After Qin Shihuang unified China, all of Guilin County, as well as part of Nanhai County and Xiangxiang County, became the geographical scope of Guangxi today. With the demise of the Qin Dynasty and the independent establishment of Nanyue State in Zhao Tuo, it followed the jurisdiction of counties in the Qin Dynasty, and the western regions expanded.
From the Three Kingdoms to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, most of today's Guangxi belongs to Guangzhou, which is under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou secretariat. Beihai City, Yulin City and Qinzhou City in the south belong to Jiaozhou together with Zhanjiang City in Guangdong Province, and are under the jurisdiction of Jiaozhou secretariat. Guilin City and Hezhou City in the north belong to Jingzhou with Shaoguan City in Guangdong Province, and are under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou Secretariat.
The Southern Liang Dynasty established Guizhou in Cangwu County. In the third year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty, Yang Di abolished the state and restored the Qin county system. All counties under the state are directly under the central government, and now Guangxi belongs to many different counties.
In the first year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong established ten Zhenguan roads. Today, most parts of Guangxi, together with Guangdong, Hainan and northern Vietnam, belong to Lingnan Road. In the middle and late Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the central and southeastern parts of Guangxi now belong to Nanhan State, the northern part belongs to Machu, and the western part belongs to Wu Quan.
In the Song Dynasty, Guangnan Road was divided into Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road, hence the names of "Guangdong" and "Guangxi".
In the early Song Dynasty, Lingnan Road was restored in Lingnan, later changed to Guangnan Road, and then changed from Road to Road. In the third year of the Song Dynasty, Guangnan Road was divided into two parts, and Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road were established. Among them, Guangnan West Road includes the whole of Guangxi today, as well as Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island. The name "Guangxi" came from this.
For most of the Yuan Dynasty, there was no separate first-level administrative division between Lingnan area and Hainan Island, while Guangnan East Road in the Song Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province. The former Guangnan West Road was placed under the jurisdiction of Huguanghang Province, and now Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hainan Province and Leizhou Peninsula of Guangdong Province are all under the jurisdiction of Huguanghang Province.
The establishment of "Guangxi and other provinces in China" at the end of Yuan Dynasty was the beginning of the establishment of "provinces" in Guangxi, and it has been set since then.
In the early Ming Dynasty, Guangdong and Guangxi were separated from Jiangxi and Hunan. Due to the violent anti-Ming uprising of Zhuang, Li and Yao nationalities in Guangxi, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, adopted the method of divide and rule, and transferred Hainan, where the Li nationality lived, and Qinzhou and Lianzhou, the gateway of Guangxi, to Guangdong. The Qing dynasty and the Republic of China also generally followed the division of the Ming dynasty.
1949 65438+February 1 1, China People's Liberation Army captured the whole territory of Guangxi and established Guangxi Province. From 195 1 to 1955, Qinzhou and Lianzhou (now Qinzhou, Fangchenggang and Beihai) were included in Guangxi from Guangdong. 1952, Huaiji was transferred from Guangxi to Guangdong. From 1955 to 1965, Qinzhou and Lianzhou were once again incorporated into Guangdong.
1On March 5th, 958, People's Republic of China (PRC) officially established "Guangxi Gelao Autonomous Region". 1965, Qinzhou and Lianzhou were once again incorporated into Guangxi; In June 65438+1October 65438+February of the same year, with the approval of the State Council, "Guangxi Yi Autonomous Region" was renamed "Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region".
Since 1978, the anniversary of the establishment of the autonomous region has been set at 65438+February 1 1, which coincides with the day when the China People's Liberation Army captured all of Guangxi, Youjiang Soviet Area and the Red Army was founded.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guangxi