Labor Haozi Definition: Haozi, referred to as "haozi", are folk songs that are produced and used in labor and have the practical function of coordinating and directing labor. Common singing methods: one person leads the crowd in singing. The artistic characteristics of labor chants: 1. Direct and simple expression method, resolute and rough musical character. 2. Rhythmic rhythm: a fixed periodic repetitive rhythm pattern. 3. Repetition of musical material. 4. Singing method that combines collar and 5. Simplicity of musical structure. The music of Haozi has a direct and simple expression method and a firm and rough musical character. The music of Haozi is firm, bold, rough, short, without drawl, concise and lively. The rhythm of chant music is rhythmic. The so-called "rhythm" refers to a certain fixed and recurring rhythm pattern that often appears in haozi music. Not only do these rhythmic units have roughly the same duration, but they are often relatively unified and arranged in melodic material. The singing forms of haozi include solo singing, duet singing and chorus singing, etc., but leading the crowd and singing together is the most common and basic singing method. The conductor of labor is often the leader of the chant. The lyrics in the lead part are the labor conductor’s call to the working people and are often the main statement part of the lyrics. Its music is relatively flexible and free, and the tunes and lyrics often undergo impromptu changes, with the characteristics of calling and calling; the lyrics of the harmony part are either in response to the lead singer's line, or are shouting during labor, or are directed at the lead singer. A simple repetition of the lyrics. Definition of minor tune: Minor tune, also known as Xiaoling, slang tune, popular tune, ditty, etc., is a folk song produced in people's daily life during rest, entertainment, celebrations and other occasions. It is the most widely circulated and universal, with more regular forms, more diverse expression techniques, and more tortuous and detailed music. ?6?1 Types of minor tunes: minor tunes can be divided into three types: chant tunes, ballad tunes and time tunes. 1 Singing tunes: including children's songs, lullabies, hawking tunes and singing tunes in customs and ceremonies, etc. Its musical characteristics are mainly chanting, the melody is close to the natural language form, the structure is simple, and the integrity and independence are poor. For example: "Flower Toad", "Belling Tune" 2 Ballads: The music is more mature than the chanting tune, and the length is not large, but the segment structure is complete and the rhythm is relatively standardized. According to their content, they can be divided into songs of complaint, love songs (such as embroidered purses and jasmine flowers from various places), songs about life, songs about play, etc., which are less independent. For example: "Embroidering purses" (Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan and other places), "Playing jujubes", "Going back to my parents' home", etc. 3rd hour: The most standardized and mature development in the minor key, without musical accompaniment. It has a rigorous and standardized structure, rich rhythms and intertones, and a meticulous way of embellishment. There is usually musical accompaniment when singing, and the content and spread of the song are very wide.

{Key Points} The artistic characteristics of the minor key (1) The expression method that blends narrative and lyricism and the tortuous and delicate musical character; (2) The regular and balanced rhythm and beat; (3) The twists and turns of the melody; (4) The musical form structure Characteristics: A) Corresponding structure B) Four-sentence structure of inheritance and transfer Definition of folk songs: Outdoor singing: high-pitched and loud tunes, free and long rhythms, free expression of emotions, improvised lyrics (love, life) General types of folk songs: 1 Xintianyou (Shuncheon) Travel) Northern Shaanxi, Eastern Ningxia, Southern Inner Mongolia, Northern Shanxi, true voice complaining about love. Previous sentence: Open range, higher pitch, loud and clear. Next sentence: Gathering, twisting and descending 2 Shanqu (sour song) Northwest Shanxi, Northern Shaanxi, Desolation, Sadness, True and False Vocal Knots 3 Flowers Er - also called "Youth" wild song, popular in Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia. Hua'er (youngster) has a wide vocal range, a melody that fluctuates greatly, often jumps in, and the progression of the music is often tortuous and multi-layered. The musical structure is mostly two lines, but it needs to be sung twice to complete a lyric. 4 Hakka folk songs Hakka folk songs in Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi - Hakka specifically refers to the Han residents who have migrated south from the Yellow River Basin many times due to wars in the past dynasties. Solo antiphon 5 Mountain-climbing tune, a form of folk song in the Han-inhabited areas in central and western Inner Mongolia. The music structure is extremely simple, and most of it is repetitive. 6 Divine songs are also morning songs. 7 Yunnan folk songs (test points) 8 The artistic characteristics of Jiangxi folk songs (book 49) ) The music of folk songs is bold, loud and open, with long melody