1. Age characteristics of children’s music appreciation at various ages

(1) Age characteristics of children’s music appreciation

1. Characteristics of children’s music appreciation in small classes: Children in small classes can initially understand the lyrics and ideas of songs they are familiar with, and can understand music emotions with relatively distinctive nature. Most children of primary school age can listen to music and move. They like to listen to music with bright and cheerful rhythms and make movements according to the characteristics of the music. However, due to lack of experience, I am still unable to change the corresponding movements according to the nature of the music.

2. Characteristics of music appreciation for middle class children: The differentiation ability of middle class children has improved, and they can gradually distinguish subtle changes in sounds. They can generally appreciate music works with a wide range of contents and diverse styles, such as dance music, marches, lullabies, etc. The ability to distinguish music of different genres, properties, and styles has also been greatly developed; in terms of grasping the speed, intensity, rhythm, and structure of music, they can often initially feel the structure of music and hear the sections through music activities organized by teachers. , repetitions between phrases and obvious differences in the emotional nature of music; be able to basically understand the emotions and emotions expressed in music, and generate certain imagination and associations from them.

With the further development of children's thinking and imagination, their ability to understand music is also constantly developing. This kind of understanding ability is usually reflected in the understanding of songs and instrumental music with titles. Children can already use lyrics and existing life experience and music experience to basically understand the artistic performance image expressed by music. For more complex songs without titles, There are still certain difficulties in understanding purely instrumental music. In addition, their capacity for creative expression in the appreciation process continues to increase.

3. Characteristics of music appreciation for children in the upper class: Children in the upper class have a certain ability to appreciate music. Children can grasp many elements contained in music, including musical instruments and performance scenes, and movement and tension in music. , emotions in music and images and plots in music. Their inner world has been enriched and developed, and they want to express music in the way they like. Children can accurately express their understanding of works and have the ability to imagine.

(2) Age characteristics of children’s singing

1. Characteristics of children’s singing in small classes: Children in small classes like to sing, especially those songs that are full of comedy and emotional enthusiasm. interest. Children in this period usually sing a few simple songs, and some even improvise some melodies and phrases they make up. However, the songs and tunes they make up themselves are highly imitative, and the suitable range is generally d' - within the range of a′, under the correct guidance of the teacher, the melody can be roughly sung accurately.

2. Characteristics of singing by middle-class children: The language development of middle-class children has made certain progress, and they have been able to completely reproduce some short songs and relatively complete fragments of longer songs. However, there are still some difficulties in understanding the lyrics, and there will be typos, omissions and similar words. Generally speaking, the suitable range is in the range of c′-a′. When middle-school age children sing songs they are familiar with and understand, they can use obvious changes in speed, intensity, and timbre to express different images and emotions in the songs.

3. Characteristics of singing by children in the upper class: Children in the upper class can generally reproduce the lyrics of familiar songs relatively completely and accurately. The number of typos and mispronunciations in singing will be greatly reduced, and the vocal range can be from c′-c②. He has a good grasp of the general rhythm composed of half notes, quarter notes, and eighth notes in songs, and he can even master dotted rhythms and syncopated rhythms well. By the end of the first class, most children can more easily grasp the rhythm of common children's songs, and the accuracy of their rhythm performance will not be affected if the song speed is slightly faster or slower.

Children in the upper class have made some progress in their ability to grasp pitch. They can generally sing tunes accurately. They can generally learn to breathe naturally and quickly without shrugging or making a loud inhalation sound. Children in the upper class will also be able to experience and understand the image content and emotions of songs to a certain extent. Young children are more proactive in using voice changes to express their emotions during singing, and they can also actively strive to make their performance more unique and perfect. Some well-developed children can also make changes to the beats and rhythms of familiar songs, and even improvise relatively complete new tunes independently.

(3) Age characteristics of children’s rhythm

1. Characteristics of children’s rhythm in small classes: Most children in small classes have mastered clapping, shaking their heads or shaking their arms, pointing with fingers or Simple non-moving movements such as tapping body parts, nodding or shaking the head, and moving the trunk at a small and slow speed, but the strength of the legs is weak, the soles of the feet lack the elasticity they should have, the body swings from side to side, and the self-control is poor.

2. Characteristics of rhythm for children in middle classes: Children in middle classes have a higher frequency of hand movements in rhythmic activities. Movement routes are mainly straight lines and curves, and movements in mid-level spaces appear most frequently. , shifting movements rarely occur, most children will have two or more movements in free rhythm, and they prefer to do repetitive movements. Most children have a sense of prelude and rhythm, but the development of children's sense of passages and phrases is relatively lagging behind. Children rarely cooperate with their peers to perform actions, and they all perform actions alone.

3. Characteristics of rhythm for children in the upper class: Children in the upper class have a strong interest in distinctive and distinctive rhythms, sounds and dance rhythms. Rhythmic activities are the main music activities in the early childhood stage. Children's thinking is mainly based on image thinking. They are easy to add their own intuition and imagination in performance activities. They often add their own subjective imagination and like exaggerated and novel foods. Children are willing to try and express themselves.

Children in the upper class can gradually realize some simple relationships and connections between things, and the performance of events and plots has become a prominent feature of their rhythmic activities. They like to listen and tell stories, listen to and read songs with distinctive rhythm and rhythm, like to watch cartoons, puppet shows and children's plays with interesting plots and colorful characters, and like to reproduce and perform the expressions and expressions of characters they are interested in in games. Actions, plots and activity scenes are constantly innovated and created based on one's own experience and imagination when performing.

(4) Age characteristics of children’s percussion music

1. Characteristics of children’s percussion music in small classes: Children of small class age have gradually mastered some percussion instruments that mainly use large muscle movements to play. , the easiest thing to master is the playing method of tambourine and string bells. Their awareness and ability to follow the music are very poor in the early days of kindergarten. Most children cannot basically play in time with the music, and some children only play with the instrument and forget the requirements of playing. At the end of 3 years old, not only can most children basically play in time with the music, but also the average child has a preliminary awareness of music.

2. Characteristics of percussion music for middle class children: When carrying out percussion activities, children of middle class age can choose music with a distinctive rhythm, mainly 2/4 and 3/4 time music. Many ethnic-style music, such as Uyghur, Mongolian, and Tibetan music, have obvious rhythms, which are easy for middle-school children to understand and grasp. At the same time, they can also allow children to experience the musical styles of different ethnic groups. Due to the characteristics of hand movement development, you can choose from common percussion instruments such as bells, castanets, bells, triangles, tambourines, wooden fish, double horns, gongs, and drums.

3. Characteristics of percussion music for children in the upper class: Children in the upper class have greatly developed in terms of their self-control ability, cooperation ability, willingness to accept challenges, and enthusiasm for exploration. After being educated and influenced by the primary and secondary school system, he has certain musical qualities. In rhythm music activities, they can show rich sensibility and creativity through direct perception of music and musical instruments and teachers' reasonable and effective control methods. As children in the upper class grow older, their previous interest in percussion of musical instruments gradually turns to the joy of operation and effects.

2. Educational and teaching goals for children of all ages in the field of music in the last semester

(1) Teaching goals for children in the last semester of music appreciation

1. Small class children Semester music appreciation teaching goals:

(1) Be interested in various sounds in life, like to listen to beautiful sounds, and try to express your familiar and favorite songs and music in your own way. Learn to use performance props.

(2) Learn to feel the image, content and emotion of songs and instrumental music with titles that are clear and simple in nature, short and clear in structure, and perform creative expression in various ways while feeling, and experience more typical Lullabies, dance music, marches, children's songs and other different tastes.

(3) Able to listen or watch your favorite music and dance performances with concentration in a short period of time.

2. The goals of music appreciation teaching for middle class children in the first semester:

(1) Be able to listen to and appreciate music and dance works with concentration within a certain period of time, and feel them positively Develop the habit of listening quietly and appreciating the different emotions expressed by music and dance.

(2) Under the condition of contrast, learn to distinguish the obvious differences in height, speed, strength and timbre changes in music, and experience the affection expressed by these changes.

(3) Be able to correctly distinguish music in two beats and three beats, and feel the different tastes of music in two beats and three beats. (4) On the basis of mastering the prelude, interlude and ending, further feel and express the beginning and end of phrases and sections, initially understand the rules of repetition and change in musical structure, and experience the joy of listening and viewing activities.

3. The goals of music appreciation teaching for children in the upper class last semester:

(1) Have good habits and interests in appreciating music, and be able to appreciate more music and songs of different natures and styles and dance, to perceive and experience the content and unique style of these musical works in more detail, and to experience the artistic beauty of different forms.

(2) Further learn to use various other non-musical artistic methods, improve the ability to experience and express musical taste, and be able to use your favorite expression method to boldly express how more complex music advances the plot, express emotions. Able to express inner feelings appropriately using costumes, props and other forms on the basis of understanding musical works.

(3) Expand your imagination on musical images and plots, prepare for secondary creative expressions using musical performance methods (such as drama performances, etc.), and deepen your feelings and understanding of music in the process. grasp.

(2) Teaching goals for children’s singing activities in the last semester

1. Teaching goals for small class children’s singing activities in the last semester:

(1) Like to participate in singing activities, Sing with a natural voice and maintain correct singing posture.

(2) Can hear the prelude start neatly, and the range is in the range of d′-a′.

(3) Preliminarily understand and express the image and emotion of the song, and make expressions and simple movements that match the content of the song while singing.

(4) With the help of teachers, you can imitate new lyrics for familiar and repeated simple songs.

2. Teaching objectives of singing activities for middle class children in the first semester:

(1) Further perceive songs of different natures, and be able to understand the content and emotions expressed in the lyrics and tunes of songs, Experience the joy of communication and cooperation in singing activities.

(2) Sing songs in the c′-a′ range basically and accurately, feel and express songs with different beats (such as two beats, three beats) and different contents, and initially try to use different speeds and dynamics and timbre changes to express the different images, content and emotions of the song, with correct posture and clear enunciation.

(3) Feel and express the intro, interlude and ending of songs, learn to sing independently and initially try to sing naturally and duet with others, and use body movements and expressions correctly to interact with others.

3. The teaching objectives of singing activities for senior class children in the first semester:

(1) Actively participate in singing activities, be willing to sing independently and participate in group performances, enjoy the joy of singing, and be able to appreciate and critique the performance of peers.

(2) Try to learn to sing beautiful, soothing, lively and other songs of different natures, be able to express the moods and emotions of different songs with accurate rhythm and tones, and be able to sing pentatonic tones within the octave range and a few Heptatonic songs.

(3) Learn to use different pronunciation, articulation and breath disconnection methods to express different moods of songs.

(3) Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for young children in the last semester

1. Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for small class children in the last semester:

(1) In daily life, Willing to perform simple rhythms to music for self-expression, and initially experience the joy of communicating and interacting with others through eyes, expressions, movements, and gestures.

(2) Willing to participate in music games, and under the prompts of the teacher's movements, can express simple music rhythms through rhythm and imitation movements, perform simple group dances, and experience expression, creation and communication in musical movements. of happiness.

(3) Learn to make simple movements and imitation movements of the upper or lower limbs naturally and evenly according to the basic beat of music.

2. Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for middle class children in the first semester:

(1) Try to use effective methods to communicate and cooperate with others, and experience the joy of cooperation in rhythmic activities.

(2) Follow the rhythm of the music and try to freely imitate movements, rhythms and simple dance movements according to your own imagination. The movements are coordinated and can express the changes in intensity, speed and emotion of the music.

(3) Learn to use the movements, knowledge and skills already mastered to further learn or create new movements, and initially understand some rules for creating rhythmic movement combinations.

3. The teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for children in the first semester of the first semester:

(1) Like to participate in rhythmic activities and can boldly express their emotions and experiences in various art forms.

(2) Can perform various slightly complex basic movements, imitation movements and dance movement combinations according to the rhythm of music more accurately, further enriching the vocabulary of dance movements, and can use the spatial knowledge already mastered to perform creative Performance.

(3) Be able to choose different props and costumes for different dance performances, be willing to perform cooperatively with peers, and experience the fun of communication.

(4) Teaching objectives of percussion activities for young children in the last semester

1. Teaching objectives of percussion activities for small class children in the last semester:

(1) Be willing to play in the group Perform percussion performances rhythmically along with familiar songs or music, pick up, exchange and pack up percussion instruments as required, and experience the joy of operating and managing instruments.

(2) Through exploring and trying to get to know several percussion instruments that are easy to hit, learn the percussion methods, and initially develop the habit of using musical instruments correctly.

(3) Able to independently play rhythmically with familiar music, participate in the unison of two or three instruments, and learn to watch the conductor start and end the performance.

2. The teaching objectives of percussion activities for middle class children in the last semester:

(1) Further develop the habit of paying close attention to the conductor and respond positively to the conductor’s requirements, and experience The joy of creative participation in performance activities. Develop the habit of using musical instruments correctly and putting them away in an orderly manner.

(2) Be able to provide improvisational accompaniment to songs, music, dances, etc. according to simple fixed rhythm patterns, learn to maintain coordination with music and others in a group, and have preliminary coordination capabilities.

(3) Learn the basic playing methods of more types of percussion instruments such as wooden fish, tambourine, and maracas, choose appropriate timbres for songs or music, and explore different playing methods of instruments.

3. The teaching objectives of percussion activities for children in the first semester of the first semester:

(1) Practice and perform percussion ensembles according to simple rhythm patterns, have preliminary coordination and cooperation skills, and concentrate on Pay attention to the command and react quickly.

(2) Learn the basic playing methods of using more types of percussion instruments, explore different playing methods of familiar instruments in order to obtain novel timbres, play in the correct way, have a relaxed and correct posture, and develop the instrument Good habits of taking, putting and managing.

(3) Try to make your own percussion instruments, like to participate in music activities with homemade instruments, and develop good habits of using instruments correctly.

3. Educational and teaching goals for children of all ages in the field of music in the next semester

(1) Teaching goals for children in the next semester of music appreciation

1. Small class children Semester music appreciation teaching objectives:

(1) Try to listen and distinguish obvious differences in music, such as intensity, strength, speed, and speed.

(2) Be able to listen to music quietly, and initially experience the image of songs and instrumental music with titles that are distinctive in nature, short and clear in structure.

(3) Experience the characteristics of typical songs, labor music and other different types of music.

(4) Like to use their own body, noise and movements to participate in appreciation activities and carry out creative expression in various ways.

2. The goals of music appreciation teaching for middle class children in the next semester:

(1) Learn to divide musical phrases and distinguish repetitions and changes in musical phrases and sections.

(2) Learn the musical form structure of two sections, and be able to distinguish the starting and ending sentences of two sections of music that are quite different.

(3) While feeling the beauty of music and art, understand its connotation, and initially learn to express your inner feelings with movements or language.

3. The goals of music appreciation teaching for children in the upper class in the next semester:

(1) Enjoy the fun of artistic activities. Willing to interact with peers, engage in cooperative learning, and have a sense of competition. Improve artistic literacy in art activities.

(2) Discover and feel the beauty in the surrounding environment. I like to appreciate works of art with different styles and characteristics, and have my own unique form of expression to express my understanding of the works of art.

(3) Ability to expressively and accurately feel different styles of music such as marches, lullabies, and dance music with distinct nature and moderate structure, and generate certain associations, and be able to use language, pictures, rhythmic music, Movements and expressions express corresponding images. Able to use voice and movements to creatively express various sounds in the surrounding life.

(2) Teaching objectives for children’s singing activities in the next semester

1. Teaching objectives for small class children’s singing activities in the next semester:

(1) Use correct postures, Natural voice, singing sentence by sentence.

(2) When singing in a group, it will start and end neatly, and the sound can be made in a controlled manner.

(3) Understand and express the image, content and emotion of simple children's songs.

(4) Learn to replace some lyrics for familiar, short and neat songs, and experience the joy of creatively participating in singing activities.

2. Teaching objectives of singing activities for middle class children in the next semester:

(1) Be able to listen to the prelude and interlude singing, and be able to start and end neatly.

(2) Learn to ventilate at the end of a musical phrase, and ventilate at will without interrupting the phrase.

(3) Further use speed, intensity and timbre changes according to the different content and emotions of the song.

3. The teaching objectives of singing activities for senior class children in the next semester:

(1) Establish a sense of tacit understanding in collective singing activities and experience the joy of tacit cooperation.

(2) Be able to fully express the content of songs with expressions, initially learn various singing forms and different styles of songs, and actively create lyrics and movements for songs and music. Develop children's ability to use their voices for artistic expression.

(3) Sing with correct posture and natural and pleasant voice, initially learn to lead, sing in unison, and sing in turn, and be able to use different speeds and intensity to correctly express the emotion and style of the song. Sing and perform boldly and independently in front of a group, and be able to compose lyrics to familiar and neat songs.

(3) Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for young children in the next semester

1. Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for small class children in the next semester:

(1) Like to participate in rhythmic activities, Able to make simple rhythms with music.

(2) Basically be able to feel the significant changes in the rhythm and melody of music and change movements accordingly, and be able to express the emotion and content of music with simple body movements such as upper limbs and lower limbs.

(3) Learn to use movements, expressions, and gestures to communicate with others.

(4) Be able to come up with simple movements for creative expression and experience the joy of expression, creation and communication in rhythmic activities.

2. Teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for middle class children in the next semester:

(1) Be able to listen to the melody and rhythm changes of music, and perform in-situ body movements accurately in rhythm.

(2) Further guide the discovery of movement combination rules in rhythm and try to create collaborative creations.

(3) Preliminary guidance for improvisation and expression of emotions.

3. The teaching objectives of rhythmic activities for the upper class children in the next semester:

(1) Be willing to participate in dance creation activities, and be able to do various basic movements according to the content, style and rhythm characteristics of the music. Imitate movements and dance combinations and become familiar with some ethnic folk dances.

(2) Be willing to use various tools and according to a certain theme, be able to create different movements according to the content and nature of the music, and creatively express the musical image of the character.

(3) Be willing to engage in entertainment, performance, creation and other artistic expression activities with peers, have certain performance skills, and be willing to exchange evaluations of artistic expression activities.

(4) Teaching objectives for children’s percussion activities in the next semester

1. Teaching objectives for small class children’s percussion activities in the next semester:

(1) Learn to obey the performance Basic rules of percussion.

(2) Able to independently play rhythmically with familiar music, participate in the unison of two or three instruments, and learn to watch the conductor start and end the performance.

(3) Boldly use musical instruments to express your feelings about music, be able to try out changing performance plans, and experience the fun of rhythmic activities.

2. The teaching objectives of percussion activities for middle class children in the next semester:

(1) Be able to accurately hit the rhythm according to the prompts of the map, and learn to play percussion instruments by reading the map.

(2) Further practice using the instruments you have mastered.

(3) Ability to choose musical instruments independently and provide improvisational accompaniment to a piece of music with a physical structure.

3. Teaching objectives of percussion activities for senior class children in the next semester:

(1) Actively participate in rhythm activities and continue to learn more types of percussion instruments such as triangles, double speakers, cymbals, etc. basic playing methods. Use percussion instruments to improvise the sound of the teacher's proposition, and gradually cultivate the ability to create according to the proposition.

(2) Learn to use different playing methods of familiar instruments to obtain novel timbres.

(3) Learn to play in unison and ensemble improvisational accompaniment, be able to start, end and change performances according to the conductor’s gestures, and be consistent with the group in timbre, volume and expression, and have better acoustic effects

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(4) Ability to consciously abide by routines in performance activities and develop the habit of caring for musical instruments.