As early as 1961, the United States began research on laser biology. In 1962, Bessis and others in Germany published "Study on the Effect of Laser on Blood Cells". In 1965, Mestez, Hungary, studied the biological effects of He-Ne laser, and summarized the law of the effect of He-Ne laser on organisms, and proved that it has the effects of relieving pain, accelerating wound healing and reducing scar tissue. In 1963, McGuff published "Discussion on Biological Effects of Laser", Goldman published "Effects of Laser Beam on Skin" and Fine published "Biological Effects of Laser". In 197, BoPoHNHA and others in the former Soviet Union used He-Ne laser to treat hypertension and other medical diseases, and yremypatoba reported that 118 cases of hypertension were treated by irradiating acupoints and reflex zones. Blood pressure returned to normal in 18 cases. In 1972, Bopohnha reported the treatment of bronchitis. As a result, 21 cases took effect immediately and their vital capacity increased by 3%. In 1973, Plog, Austria, experimented with laser acupuncture, and in 1975, the first He-Ne laser acupuncture instrument was successfully used to treat diseases at meridian points. This therapy has been widely used in Europe and Asia, and accumulated a lot of data. Hundreds of evidence-based medical laboratories have confirmed its clinical efficacy and published more than a thousand research reports. Therefore, this low-intensity laser is an effective treatment. In 1985, a symposium on medical application of low-intensity laser was held in Japan to prove that the research on low-intensity laser therapy has been extended to the fields of the effect on peripheral nervous system, the influence on immune function and inflammatory process, the regularity of experimental wound healing and the promotion of bone cell regeneration.
in the 197s, China began to apply laser acupuncture to clinic, including internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, otorhinolaryngology, stomatology, ophthalmology, dermatology and neurology, with about 2 kinds of diseases, all of which achieved certain effects. Because laser acupoint therapy is painless, non-infectious and has no obvious contraindications, it is very suitable for the elderly, children and patients with acupuncture. Acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma, hypertension, trigeminal neuralgia, facial paralysis, scapulohumeral periarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fetal malposition and postpartum urinary retention are all indications. The application of laser acupoint anesthesia in tooth extraction, tonsil surgery, thyroid surgery, hernia repair and subtotal gastrectomy has attracted the attention of voluntary workers at home and abroad.
In p>1928, Hancock and Knott proved that ultraviolet radiation was given to a patient with septic abortion complicated with hemolytic streptococcal septicemia, which saved the day. In 1933, Knott applied it to clinic and achieved good results. In 1958, Wehrli, Switzerland, put forward the theory of blood-borne oxidation therapy, and began to combine ultraviolet radiation with oxygenation to treat patients. This treatment can remove polysaccharide protein and other neutral molecules with poor adsorption permeability on the surface of red blood cells. Increase the elasticity and permeability of erythrocyte membrane, and restore the normal potential state of membrane surface, thus improving blood viscosity; It can also improve the oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells, strengthen the deformability of red blood cells, improve the phagocytosis of white blood cells, and regulate immune function. Inspired by this therapy, scientists at the Cancer Research Center of the former Soviet Union used He-Ne laser instead of ultraviolet rays to radiate blood in vitro and then transfused it to patients. It was found that the immunity of human peripheral blood and biochemical morphological indexes had obvious effects, and the immunity of tumor patients recovered to 65%-7% of normal, and there was no response to Ia-like antigens. Therefore, it is regarded as a new immunotherapy method to enhance the immunity of tumor patients after operation and delay tumor metastasis and recurrence.
In p>1984, Schwab of the former Soviet Union changed external blood irradiation to intravenous irradiation to treat vascular occlusive disease of limbs. It was found that microcirculation disturbance could be obviously improved, and the curative effect could be maintained for half a year, which opened up a new channel for low-intensity laser treatment. In 1991, Professor Wang Tiedan first applied low-intensity He-Ne laser intravascular therapy in China, especially in Guangdong Armed Police Corps Hospital, which successfully made a patient who had no response to sound, light, electricity and acupuncture due to brain injury miraculously recover his thinking, speech and action functions, and was discharged from hospital, which promoted the popularization and application of this therapy in the whole country. It has been proved that this therapy can improve blood viscosity, erythrocyte denaturation, microcirculation, oxygen carrying capacity of erythrocytes, regulate immunity, activate various enzymes and hormones in the body, including Na+-K+-ATPase, superoxide dismutase, prolactin, sex hormones, thyroxine, kallikrein, etc., and can also be used for anti-inflammation, anti-infection and blood lipid reduction in clinic.
Because this kind of therapy still needs venipuncture, which causes certain pain to patients and can only be treated in hospitals, how can we better introduce this kind of therapy into thousands of households, which has therapeutic effect, no side effects, and is safe and convenient. Many scholars have conducted research. For example, in 1995, Cюч thought that the method of skin irradiation along veins was obviously better than that of blood irradiation through veins. In 1996, Professor Wang Tiedan put forward "transducer and transducing therapy", and together with Yu Minsheng, he turned venipuncture to nasal transducing irradiation for the first time. In 1998, Meng Jiwu and Ren Xinguang of Changchun Institute of Physics also put forward a new idea of laser non-destructive irradiation. They proved that the light absorption of soft tissue mainly comes from protein such as serum protein and hemoglobin. If red laser is used as the therapeutic line, more than 1% of the light can pass through, and the needle can be fixed on the skin surface of elbow vein without piercing blood vessels, thus achieving the therapeutic purpose. In a hospital in Tianjin, the vascular area of vertebral artery and cervical spondylosis was treated by external irradiation of semiconductor laser with the wavelength of 83nm and the power of 3mw, and the vascular area of supraclavicular vein was irradiated for 3min. The effective rate was 95.3%, while that of the drug group was only 7%, with significant difference.
in p>28, Liu Wen and others in Beijing reported that when two groups of blood vessels on the neck surface (internal carotid artery and external carotid artery, which supply blood to the brain, account for more than 9% of the blood supply and demand of the brain, and the blood flow through these two groups of large blood vessels accounts for about 18% of the whole body blood flow) were treated with semiconductor laser, the irradiated site was fixed with a neck brace, and in order to better treat the neck plaque, the laser output was frequency modulated. The modulation frequency ranges from 5-2, Hz, which covers audio frequency and some ultrasonic waves. Selective treatment can be carried out according to the patient's condition during treatment. When 5-2Hz is selected for treatment, targeted treatment can be carried out for cervical plaque. This treatment can reduce blood viscosity, increase erythrocyte deformability and reduce platelet aggregation.
In p>22, Luo Xiaosen of Nanjing University of Science and Technology reported that the semiconductor laser with wavelength of 65nm was used to irradiate the vein wall (thickness of 1mm) on the back of the hand of an adult, and the transmittance of the 65nm laser was 2% on the skin of the back of the hand and 9% on the vein wall. Therefore, if the subcutaneous vein of the back of the hand was directly irradiated from the skin with 1mw semiconductor laser, if the back of the hand was designed to irradiate a point. Then the laser power entering the vein can be adjusted between ~1.8mw, and if two irradiation points are set, the laser power entering the vein can be directly adjusted between ~3.6mw. The author examines the skin thickness, vein thickness and transmittance, and obtains the dose of laser entering the blood.
the thickness of the skin on the back of hand, instep, elbow and outside of calf is 1.mm, 1.mm, 1.4mm and 2.2mm respectively, and the transmittance of 65nm laser to them is 2%, 2%, 12% and 6% respectively. The thickness of subcutaneous vein on the back of hand is about .2mm, and the transmittance of laser with the same wavelength is 9%. Wei Huajiang et al. reported that the transmittance of 632.8mm He-Ne laser to human gastroepiploic vein was 83.3%. Zheng Quanqi et al. proved that the transmittance of 632.8mm He-Ne laser is 9.1% for lower limb skin of yellow race with a thickness of 2.2mm, and 13.8% for back skin of yellow race with a thickness of 1.65 mm..
It is reported by Wei Huajiang and others that the diffuse reflectance and transmittance of red laser are significantly different between arteries and veins. The absorption coefficient of red laser by arteries is significantly greater than that of veins, but the scattering coefficient of arteries is also significantly greater than that of veins.
It is found that the vascular network in nasal cavity and oral cavity is more abundant, in which hemoglobin and serum protein can absorb more laser energy, and its clinical effect should be better. In 1998, Li Qingmei, Chen Rong and Bing Lin reported the treatment of laser intranasal irradiation. Xiao Xuechang of a hospital in Shenzhen took the lead in treating patients with cerebral infarction by intranasal laser irradiation in China, and adopted an advanced observation method, namely single photon emission computed tomography, to observe the changes of cerebral blood flow and brain function, which achieved great success. There are abundant blood vessels in the nasal cavity, including Li's Plexus of arteries and Kirschner's Plexus of veins, and Wu's Plexus of veins in the elderly. Moreover, the blood in the deep blood vessels of nasal mucosa can directly enter venules from arterioles (arteriovenous anastomosis), which accounts for about 6% of the blood flow of nasal mucosa. Therefore, some scholars believe that the blood flow of turbinate tissue is relatively more than that of liver, brain and muscle, and the autonomic nerve in nasal cavity is also very rich, which can not only affect the vasomotor function of brain, but also affect the function of digestive system through vagus nerve. Furthermore, due to the anatomical relationship of the nasal cavity, there are some potential micro-traffic connected with the arachnoid membrane. This treatment does not require venipuncture and is safe and reliable. Semiconductor laser is small in size, light in weight, simple in operation, economical and durable, suitable for community and family applications, and most suitable for the elderly who are recovering but have difficulty in moving, and worth popularizing.
Another non-invasive semiconductor laser blood oxygen therapeutic instrument can introduce a laser beam into the patient's oropharynx for irradiation and inhale pure oxygen for clinical treatment. Because the oral mucosa also has dense vascular network, lymphatic system, nervous system and saliva secretion system, it can produce benign stimulation and various biological effects under laser irradiation. Inhaled pure oxygen can increase the blood oxygen content, thus improving the blood supply and oxygen supply of the whole body, which is conducive to recovery from illness.
In addition to the change of laser irradiation mode, Professor Zhang Ping of Henan Medical University successfully used green semiconductor laser (wavelength 532nm, power ~ 16 MW, continuously adjustable) to irradiate 14 dogs, and obtained its safety threshold (power 8mW, irradiation dose 81.53J/mm2). If it is greater than this threshold, it will lead to the increase of erythrocyte fragility and hemolysis. Below 8mW, the indexes are similar to those of He-Ne laser. Below 2mW, green laser is superior to He-Ne laser, especially in the increase of total red blood cell count and persistent effect. Besides the safety threshold, the indexes of hemorheology were also tested. Red blood cell and white blood cell count; T lymphocyte count and the influence of nonspecific enzymes of T lymphocytes; Effects on lactate dehydrogenase, changes in plasma lipid peroxide (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), etc., laid a foundation for clinical treatment. On this basis, 3 patients with psoriasis and 25 patients with hyperlipidemia were treated for one course (1 times). The therapeutic effect of psoriasis is similar to that of He-Ne laser irradiation (95% and 93% respectively), while the therapeutic effect of green light is far better than that of red light (93% and 4% respectively) when treating hyperlipidemia at the same dose of lmW.
The same green laser experiment was also used in Bethune Medical University to treat rabbits with intravascular laser irradiation. The power was 4 ~ 6 MW, once a day for 12min for 5 days, which proved that it had no adverse effects on various immune indexes of rabbits, such as the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to mitogen, the activity of macrophages to produce IL-1 and the activity of T lymphocytes to produce IL-2, etc.
in p>2, Liu Ying et al. reported a low-intensity semiconductor (65nm) with an output power of 9mW. The laser radiation head was inserted into the posterior pharyngeal wall of oral radiation once a day for 3min, with 1 times as a course of treatment. The results showed that after laser irradiation, the blood viscosity, platelet aggregation rate and plasma fibrinogen content were reduced, and the fibrinolytic function of patients could be activated, such as enhancing t-PA activity (tissue plasminogen activator). Increase the content of FDP (fibrinogen), decrease the content of FBG[ coagulation factor I (fibrinogen)] and PAI (plasminogen activator inhibitor), and the content of D-D(D- dimer) has no obvious increase. All of the above indicate that the treatment after laser irradiation of the posterior wall of oropharynx can reduce fibrinogen and fibrin, and has no obvious degradation effect on fibrin that has been crosslinked or thrombus, and its effect is good. This method is effective because there are abundant vascular networks in the inner layer of oral mucosa, and there are no keratinocytes on the surface, and the oropharynx is rich in lymphatic system, nervous system and saliva secretion system, thus activating tangible or intangible components in blood, increasing the content of adenosine triphosphate in cells, improving the aggregation, deformability and oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells, improving blood viscosity, regulating immune function and inhibiting bacteria.
Another kind of laser quantum blood therapy is to use two kinds of light, that is, He-Ne laser and ultraviolet ray, to act on blood in vitro at the same time, and then add oxygen to it, so as to give full play to their respective roles and then give it back to the patient, which is better than laser intravascular irradiation in improving blood viscosity and oxygen content.
Generally speaking, the laser irradiation blood therapy in China started late, but it developed rapidly, and soon entered the community and patients' families. The wavelength, irradiation time and laser output mode of laser therapy are also under study and discussion. The development and clinical application of laser combined with music therapy and laser combined with ultrasonic therapy are also on the agenda to improve the effect of comprehensive treatment.
As American laser medical expert Vorba Shter thinks in the book "The Application of Laser in Medicine and Biology", "Laser biostimulation may be a sign of a new application of laser in medicine, which is more valuable than the application of laser in destroying and cutting tissues."