Piano Introduction
Piano is the abbreviation of pianoforte. Its mechanical devices include: keyboard, action, hammer, damper, strings and pedals. The keyboard of a modern piano reaches seven octaves, with the highest note being A; some also add a minor third, with the highest note being C (88 keys). The first time the piano was used as a solo instrument was in 1768 during a performance in England by J.C.
Piano Quintet: Piano, Oboe, Clarinet, French Horn and Bassoon. Another combination is piano, violin, viola, cello and double bass.
Piano Quartet: piano, violin, oboe, flute. The other is piano, clarinet, violin and cello.
Upright pianos are cheap and take up little space, making them popular among enthusiasts. Grand pianos are used for large-scale performances or professionals. The upright piano adopts a staggered string design, which effectively saves height and thickness. Prior to this, the height of the upright piano was 2.4 meters. The current one is only 1-2 meters high. The grand piano is 2.7 meters long.
The piano is widely used, from orchestral music to jazz, from chamber music to pop music. The grand piano originated from the fortepiano in Europe in 1709, also known as the harpsichord. The upright piano originated from the grand piano in the early 19th century.
Apply clef: treble part: treble clef, notation without transposition;
Bass part: bass clef, notation without transposition.
Structural composition: It consists of six major parts: string row, soundboard, bracket, keyboard system (including black and white keys and hammers), pedal mechanism (including push rod and pedal) and shell .
Materials used: String row: high and midrange strings are made of steel wire; bass strings are made of steel wire and copper wire.
Soundboard: wooden structure. The wood needs to be soft, elastic and easy to conduct vibration, with white pine or sycamore being the best. Bracket: including cast iron bracket and wooden bracket.
Keyboard system: Black and white keys are made of ivory or bakelite; sound hammers are often made of wood.
Pedal mechanism: metal structure. Shell: Lacquered wood panel structure.
Instrument features: wide range, huge volume, rich timbre changes, can express a variety of different musical emotions, either hard or soft, fast or slow, can be just right; the treble is crisp, the midrange is full, and the bass is It is powerful and can imitate the effect of an entire symphony orchestra.
Pianos have a history of more than 200 years. They were first made in Florence by Cristofori at the end of the 17th century. Famous piano makers in the 19th century, such as J. Broadwood, S. Erard, K. Bechstein, J.F. Brutner and H.E. Steinway, improved in many aspects. It added volume and the ability to play continuously, expanded the musical range, and improved the piano's mechanics.
Modern pianos are mainly divided into upright pianos and grand pianos due to different shapes and volumes. The grand piano used in concerts is a giant among musical instruments. It is 9 feet long and the heaviest can reach 79 tons. The most expensive piano to date is a Steinway grand piano produced in 1888, which was auctioned in New York in 1980 for a high price of 180,000 pounds.
The piano has always been loved by composers because of its unique sound and full range of 88 keys. It plays an important role in almost all music forms such as pop, rock, jazz and classical, and is known as the "King of Instruments".