The story in "Five Thousand Years": "The lips are dead and the teeth are cold"

Story:

Dong Xian of Jin borrowed a road from the State of Yu to attack the State of Guo. Gong Zhiqi dissuaded Duke Yu and said: "The Guo State is the barrier of the Yu State. If the Guo State perishes, the Yu State will surely follow. Don't inspire Jin's ambitions, and don't be careless against the invading enemies. Borrowing a road once is already too much. How can there be a second time?

As the saying goes, 'cheeks and gums are dependent on each other, and if the lips lose their teeth, they will catch the cold.' That is the relationship between Yu and Guo." The duke refused to listen and agreed to the Jin envoy. Gong Zhiqi led his family away and said: "The State of Yu will not be able to pass the year-end festival. Just this false trip, the State of Jin does not need to send any more troops."

This winter, the State of Jin The Guo Kingdom was destroyed. When the army came back and stayed in the tavern of the State of Yu, they took advantage of its unpreparedness to attack the State of Yu, destroyed it, and captured Duke Yu.

Source: From "Five Thousand Years' Story of China" edited by China Children's News and Publishing House.

Extended information:

Related allusions:

The false road to attack Guo

In 661 BC, Duke Xiang of Jin launched a large-scale Military expansion has swallowed up many weak vassal states. Jin's land area and military strength developed rapidly. At this time, Duke Xiang of Jin had set his sights on the two kingdoms of Yu and Guo in order to remove obstacles and develop into the Central Plains.

Gong Xian of Jin made an excuse to say that the neighboring Guo (guó) country often violated Jin's borders and wanted to send troops to destroy Guo. However, there was a Yu State between the Jin State and the Guo State, and the expedition against the Guo State had to pass through the Yu State. "How can we pass the Yu State smoothly?" Jin Xiangong asked his ministers. Minister Xun Xi formulated an excellent strategy for Duke Xiang of Jin.

He proposed to use good horses and jade to send heavy gifts to Duke Yu, bribe him to use bribes to attack Guo, destroy the alliance between Yu and Guo, and then defeat them one by one. Duke Xiang of Jin began to hesitate about this strategy. Xun Xi said: "The king of Yu is short-sighted and greedy for small profits. As long as we give him priceless jade and BMW, he will not refuse to use the road."

Although Duke Xian of Jin was very angry with Xun. Xi agreed very much with Xi's plan, but he couldn't part with rare treasures such as good horses and jade. He was worried that Mr. Yu would not accept the gift even after receiving the heavy gift. Xun Xi smiled and said: "Yu and Guo are close neighbors who are dependent on each other. If Guo is destroyed, Yu can't survive alone. Your beautiful jade and horse are just temporarily stored with Duke Yu." Duke Xiang of Jin adopted Xun Xi's strategy .

Jin Xianggong said uneasily: "The official of the Yu State, Gong Zhiqi, is very shrewd and capable. As long as Gong Zhiqi is there, he will definitely be able to see through the strange ways of giving gifts, and he will definitely persuade Duke Yu to refuse to accept the gifts. It will be difficult." Xun Xi said: "The king doesn't know that Gong Zhiqi is smart but not stubborn, and he has been with Yu Jun since he was a child. He will definitely not forcefully give advice, and forceful advice will be useless.

Besides, the white jade horse is loved by everyone and played well before the ears and eyes. The disaster caused by it will only happen in the future. This is something that only people with superior intelligence can realize and foresee. That Yu Jun is a person below Zhongzhi. He has no such knowledge, so this matter can definitely be done." After hearing this, Duke Xiang of Jin felt relieved and adopted Xun Xi's plan.

Yu Gong had only heard of these treasures in the past, but he was unable to see them with his own eyes and felt regretful. When I saw these two precious gifts, I was immediately elated. When I heard that Xun Xi wanted to take advantage of the affairs of Yu State, I immediately agreed. The doctor Gong Zhiqi, who had always advocated an alliance with Guo to resist Jin, hurriedly dissuaded him: "The Jin envoy's humility and politeness will definitely be detrimental to our country. Yu and Guo are close neighbors and have been in alliance for a long time, so that the country can be peaceful and the people are safe.

As the saying goes, Well done: "The lips are dead and the teeth are cold." Your Majesty, you must not agree to use the road! "Yu Gong said: "The Jin State is a big country, and now it has sent beautiful jade and BMWs to make friends with us. Can't we just use the road to let them travel? ”

The Duke of Yu finally ignored the advice and agreed to the Jin envoy’s request to use the road. After Xun Xi returned to China, he reported to Duke Xiang of Jin that Yu Gong had agreed to use the road. Duke Xiang was overjoyed and immediately decided to make Bairik the general and Xun Xi the deputy general. He led 400 military chariots and 20,000 elite soldiers to attack Guo State and occupied Xiayang of Guo State (now north of Pinglu County, Shanxi Province).

Three years later, Duke Xian of Jin once again sent Xun Xi to borrow a road from the state of Yu to attack Guo. Duke Yu still generously allowed the passage.

The doctor Gong Zhiqi hurriedly remonstrated: "Yu and Guo are mutually exclusive. If Guo is destroyed, how can Yu survive? Jin cannot be relied on! How can we have fun with bandits?

One time of borrowing has destroyed the Yu-Guo alliance and made a big mistake. In the past, Yu-Guo formed an alliance to help each other and were closely united, so other countries did not dare to act rashly and bully. We are dependent on each other, our lips are dead and our teeth are cold, aren't we talking about Yu and Guo?" Duke Yu disagreed, thinking that Gong Zhiqi was too worried.

Gong Zhiqi felt that as an important minister, there was nothing he could do when the country was about to perish, so he left Yu State with his whole family. Before leaving, he left four words: "Coveting someone else's white car means you are willing to drink poisonous wine! It is like opening a door to welcome robbers! Without lips, your teeth will naturally be exposed to the cold!"

Sure enough, the Jin army took advantage of the Yu State and destroyed the Guo State. Then they captured the Duke of Yu who personally greeted the Jin army and destroyed the Yu State.

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