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Who translated Bacon’s essays into classical Chinese?

1. Bacon's Essay on Reading and Translation

Translation:

Reading enough can make people feel happy, enough to make you speak and write articles using idioms or Beautiful sentences show that you are literate in speaking and writing, and reading enough can increase your talents. Reading makes people happy, and it shows when you can live alone. It is easy for a person to be lonely. Reading some books will make you happy.

Reading improves literary talent, which can best be shown when discussing issues with others. Reading improves talents, which can best be shown when judging and handling social affairs. Although people who are proficient in world affairs can handle small things well or judge whether a certain part of a matter is right or not, to plan from the overall perspective, it must be done by people who like to learn to think deeply.

(Those who know how to do things can do small things well, and those who love reading and thinking can do big things.) People who read too slowly are lazy, and use too many words to modify the lines in the article, which makes it appear unreal. , it is a nerd to do things solely based on what books say. Reading can make up for the lack of talent, and experience can make up for the lack of reading.

Probably the talents you are born with are like flowers and plants that grow naturally. They grow very messy. Only by reading can you know how to prune its shape. And what the book says cannot be tested by experience. appropriate. Cunning people despise reading, ignorant people envy reading, and only wise people make use of reading.

But the book does not tell you what its use is. The wisdom of using reading is not in the book, but outside the book. It all depends on your own observation and thinking while reading. When reading, you should not deliberately question the author. You should not believe everything in the book, nor should you only grasp a few sentences of the article to understand it. You should think carefully.

There are books that you can read a little bit, and you can read roughly the content. A few books should be savored carefully, learn how to write, and make them your own. In other words, you only need to read part of some books, you only need to read the general meaning of some books, and a few need to be read in full. When reading, you need to concentrate, not get bored, and persevere.

You can also find someone to read the book for you and get the summary written by him (summarizing the main content), but this can only be done for books with poor subject matter or low value. Otherwise, the summary extracted from the book is like water that has been distilled and has no taste. Reading makes people enriched, discussion makes people witty, and writing makes people accurate.

Therefore, people who do not often write must have a particularly strong memory, people who do not often discuss must have a high IQ, and people who do not often read must know how to deceive in order to make their ignorance appear knowledgeable. . Reading history books makes people wise, reading poetry makes people smart, mathematics makes people think thoughtfully, science makes people profound, and moral theories make people calm and solemn.

The knowledge of logic and rhetoric makes people good at debating. Everything you learn will have an impact on your character. Not only that, but various mental deficiencies can be improved through the pursuit of knowledge - just as physical deficiencies can be improved through appropriate exercise. For example, playing ball is good for the lower back, archery can expand the chest and lungs, walking can help digestion, riding can make people more responsive, etc.

In the same way, a person who is not focused can study mathematics, because if he is not careful in mathematics, he will make mistakes. People who lack analytical judgment can learn through study, because this knowledge is most concerned with detailed dialectics. People who are not good at reasoning can study legal cases. And so on. Such mental defects can be improved through learning.

Extended information:

Related comments on "On Reading":

Bacon has a very insightful discussion on the meaning and function of reading: "Reading is enough to make you happy. "It is enough to be talented and talented. Its joyful mood is most seen when you are alone in seclusion; its richness is most seen when you are talking loudly; its talent is most seen when you are dealing with the world."

"Reading history makes people wise, reading poetry makes people smart, mathematics makes people thoughtful, science makes people profound, ethics makes people solemn, logic and rhetoric make people good at discerning, and everything you learn becomes character." Bacon said: "Human nature is like wild flowers and grass, and reading is like pruning and transplanting. A person who reads blindly without goals and focus will eventually become a slave to books."

"

In terms of reading methods, Bacon focused on the combination of theory and practice. "The method of application is outside the book. This is a skill that cannot be learned without experimentation. Bacon said: "Some books only need to be read part of them, some books only need to know the outline, and some good books need to be read repeatedly."

"Bacon on Reading" has a thorough discussion of the meaning, function and methods of reading. Today, whether it is reading for scholarship or mastering modern advanced science and technology, it is worth learning from. I think that if you love reading and know how to read, you can read well and learn knowledge well

Baidu Encyclopedia - On Reading 2. Please Wang Zuoliang translate Bacon's essays

Of Study — —"On Reading" by Francis Bacon Translated by Wang Zuoliang Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. Reading is enough for pleasure, enough for enrichment, and enough for talent development.

His joyful mood is best seen when he is alone in seclusion; his richness is best seen in his eloquent talks; his talent is best seen when he is dealing with the world and judging things. For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, e best form those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. Although a skilled person can deal with details individually or judge details one by one, but he has an overall view and overall planning, he is not good at learning and thinking deeply. None other than.

Spending too much time on reading will lead to laziness; too much literary flair and ornamentation will lead to pretentiousness; relying solely on articles to make decisions is the old school mentality. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Experience makes up for the lack of reading. It covers innate talents just like natural flowers and plants. After reading, you will know how to prune and graft. However, as shown in the book, if it is not modeled by experience, it will be too big and inappropriate.

Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. A skilled elder Reading is despised, and ignorant people envy reading. Only wise people use reading. However, books do not tell others about their usefulness. The wisdom of using books is not in the book, but outside the book. It is all obtained through observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. sentence, but should be carefully considered.

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else Distilled books are, like mon distilled waters, flashy things. Some books can be tasted, some can be swallowed, and a few need to be chewed and digested. In other words, some people only need to read part of it, some people only need to cover the general outline, and a few need to read it in full. When reading, you need to concentrate on it and work tirelessly.

You can also ask someone to read the book for you and get the summary, but only if the subject matter is inferior or the value is not high. Otherwise, the refining of the book is like the distillation of water, which will be bland and tasteless. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Reading makes one enriched, discussion makes one witty, and taking notes makes one accurate.

Therefore, those who do not often take notes must have a strong memory, those who do not often discuss must be naturally smart, and those who do not often read must have skills to deceive the world, so that they can show their knowledge from ignorance.

Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. People are profound, ethics makes people solemn, logic and rhetoric make people eloquent; whatever they learn becomes character.

Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. If a person's intelligence is blocked, he can always read appropriate books to smooth it out, just like all diseases in the body, they can be cured by appropriate exercises. . Rolling a ball is good for the testicles and kidneys, archery is good for the chest and lungs, slow walking is good for the intestines and stomach, riding is good for the brain, and so on.

If the intellect is not concentrated, it can be taught to read mathematics, and the performance requires full concentration, and it must be repeated if it is slightly distracted; if it is unable to distinguish differences, it can be taught to read scholastic philosophy, because this generation is a picky person; if If you are not good at seeking common ground and are not good at using one thing to explain another thing, you may be asked to read the lawyer's case file. In this way, any defect in the mind can be cured with special effects.

Translator's profile: Mr. Wang Zuoliang, born on February 12, 1916, is a poet, translator, professor, expert in British literature, and vice president of Beijing Foreign Studies University. He graduated from the Department of Foreign Languages ??of Southwest Associated University (formerly the Department of Foreign Languages ??of Tsinghua University) in 1939 and stayed at the school to teach. In 1947, he went to Oxford University in England to study for a postgraduate degree in English literature.

Specialized in English. 3. Original text of Bacon's essay

On Friendship (Francis Bacon) "Only saints and beasts can enjoy themselves in solitude."

——The point of view expressed in this sentence , there is right and wrong. Hatred of society, rejection of society, this tendency, no matter who it appears in, is a manifestation of ***, and has no sacred element.

Unless he lives in isolation, not to enjoy the happiness brought by loneliness, but out of the pursuit of higher-level communication.

In the case of some pagans, such pursuits were in vain, such as Epimundus the Canadian, Numo the Roman, Epidocus the Sicilian, and Apollono the Tartan.

Only a few ancient hermits and holy priests allow us to see the existence of such a pursuit. People rarely understand what loneliness is and where it exists.

In the bustling crowd, without your companions, there is no love: the faces that the eyes touch seem to be copied from the images in the art exhibition hall, as cold as ice; the ears hear those faces A lofty talk is no different than the tinkling of a cymbal. There is a proverb in Latin that expresses a similar meaning: a city, a wilderness.

This is because when you live in a big city, people you can be friends with are scattered in the streets and alleys, and there are very few people who live next to you. Furthermore, pure and bleak loneliness is the longing for true friends - without friends, the world is a wilderness, empty and lonely.

Nature is doomed for some people to never have friendship, which is also a kind of loneliness; but this kind of loneliness is the same as the loneliness of beasts and has nothing to do with human nature. People have joys and sorrows.

The importance of friendship is that it can dilute and relieve our depressed emotions. Diseases caused by blockages are particularly harmful to our bodies, far more than blockages in our minds.

Sasa (drug name, transliteration) clears the liver, iron can clear the spleen, the smell of sulfur clears the lungs, and Kadulu (drug name, transliteration) clears the brain. Only friends can make people open their hearts, nothing else.

Together with him, you will share sorrow, fear, doubt, joy, hope, and advice with a good mood.

Original text: Of friendship IT HAD been hard for him that spake it to have put more truth and untruth together in few words, than in that speech, Whatsoever is delighted in solitude, is either a wild beast or a god. For it is most true , that a natural and secret hatred, and aversation towards society, in any man, hath somewhat of the savage beast; but it is most untrue, that it should have any character at all, of the divine nature; except it proceed, not out of a pleasure in solitude, but out of a love and desire to sequester a man's self, for a higher conversation: such as is found to have been falsely and feignedly in some of the heathen; as Epimenides the Canadian, Numa the Roman, Empedocles the Sicilian, and Apollonius of Tyana; and truly and really, in divers of the ancient hermits and holy fathers of the church. But little do men perceive what solitude is, and how far it extendeth. For a crowd is not pany; and faces are but a gallery of pictures; and talk but a tinkling cymbal, where there is no love. The Latin adage meeteth with it a little: Magna civitas , magna solitudo; because in a great town friends are scattered; so that there is not that fellowship, for the most part, which is in less neighborhoods. But we may go further, and affirm most truly, that it is a mere and miserable solitude to want true friends; without which the world is but a wilderness; and even in this sense also of solitude, whosoever in the frame of his nature and affections, is unfit for friendship, he

taketh it of the beast, and not from humanity. A principal fruit of friendship, is the ease and discharge of the fulness and swellings of the heart, which passions of all kinds do cause and induce. We know diseases of stoppings, and suffocations, are the most dangerous in the body; and it is not much otherwise in the mind; you may take sarza to open the liver, steel to open the spleen, flowers of sulfur for the lungs, castoreum for the brain; but no receipt opeh the heart, but a true friend; to whom you may impart griefs, joys, fears, hopes, suspicions, counsels, and whatsoever lieth upon the heart to oppress it, in a kind of civil shrift or confession.. 4. Bacon's Essay requires an original text of more than 300 words

Haha, Bacon's Essay is a recommended book for grade 9 in the People's Education Press. I happen to be reading it too.

"Bacon's Essay" 》Introduction

Bacon’s life was a life of pursuit of knowledge and a life of pursuit of power. As a philosopher, writer, judge and politician, Bacon's thoughts are complex and his appearance is changeable. We can read various flavors from this thin "Collection of Essays". You can regard it as a textbook for life and making friends, or you can regard it as a thick and dark science mixed in the officialdom.

This is a complete collection of Bacon's essays. It includes talking about truth, talking about high positions, talking about atheism, talking about monarchy, talking about delay, talking about innovation, talking about language, talking about beauty, talking about parties, talking about vanity, etc.

From chapters such as "On Truth", "On Death", "On Human Nature", we can see a Bacon who loves philosophy. From chapters such as "On High Officials", "On Royal Power" and "On Ambition", we can see a Bacon who was passionate about politics and well versed in the operation of officialdom. From chapters such as "On Love", "On Friendship", "On Marriage and Singleness", we can see a Bacon who is full of interest in life. From the chapters "On Adversity", "On Luck", "On Disability" and other chapters, we can see a Bacon who is constantly striving for self-improvement. From chapters such as "On Forgery and Disguise" and "On Speech", we can see a scheming and sophisticated Bacon. 5. Does anyone have the original text and translation of Bacon's "On Learning"

Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. Reading is enough for pleasure, enough for enrichment, and enough for talent.

His joyful mood is best seen when he is alone in seclusion; his richness is best seen in his eloquent talks; his talent is best seen when he is dealing with the world and judging things.

For ecpert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, e best form those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. Although a skilled person can deal with details individually or judge details one by one, but he has an overall view and overall planning, he is not good at learning and thinking deeply. None other than.

Spending too much time on reading will lead to laziness; too much literary flair and ornamentation will lead to pretentiousness; relying solely on articles to make decisions is the old school mentality. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Experience makes up for the lack of reading. It covers innate talents just like natural flowers and plants. After reading, you will know how to prune and graft. However, as shown in the book, if it is not modeled by experience, it will be too big and inappropriate.

Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Reading is despised, and ignorant people envy reading. Only wise people use reading. However, books do not tell others about their usefulness. The wisdom of using books is not in the book, but outside the book. It is all obtained through observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. sentence, but should be carefully considered.

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else Distilled books are, like mon distilled waters, flashy things. Some books can be tasted, some can be swallowed, and a few need to be chewed and digested. In other words, some people only need to read part of it, some people only need to cover the general outline, and a few need to read it in full. When reading, you need to concentrate on it and work tirelessly.

You can also ask someone to read the book for you and extract the summary, but only if the subject matter is inferior or the value is not high. Otherwise, the refining of the book is like the distillation of water, which will be bland and tasteless. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need to have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Reading makes people enriched, discussion makes people witty, and notes make people accurate.

Therefore, those who do not often take notes must have a strong memory, those who do not often discuss must be naturally smart, and those who do not often read must have skills to deceive the world, so that they can show their knowledge from ignorance. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. People are profound, ethics makes people solemn, logic and rhetoric make people eloquent; whatever they learn becomes character.

Nay there is no stand or impendiment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man''s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another , let him study the lawyers'' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. If a person's intelligence is blocked, he can always read appropriate books to make it smoother, just like all kinds of diseases in the body, there are suitable books to use. The movement removes it. Rolling a ball is good for the testicles and kidneys, archery is good for the chest and lungs, slow walking is good for the intestines and stomach, riding is good for the mind, and so on.

If the intellect is not concentrated, it can be taught to read mathematics, and the performance requires full concentration, and it must be repeated if it is slightly distracted; if it is unable to distinguish differences, it can be taught to read scholastic philosophy, because this generation is a picky person; if If you are not good at seeking common ground and are not good at using one thing to explain another thing, you may be asked to read the lawyer's case file. In this way, any defect in the mind can be cured with special effects.