Biography of the character

In 444 AD, Jiang Yan was born in Kaocheng, Jiyang, Songzhou (now Chengzhuang Town, Minquan County, Shangqiu, Henan Province), and his hometown is located in Chengzhuang Town, Minquan County today. Grandfather Jiang Dan. His father, Jiang Kangzhi, was from Nansha Ling, elegant and talented. Jiang Yan was lonely, poor and studious when he was young. He was able to write poems at the age of six. His father died at the age of thirteen. His family was poor and he used to collect salary to support his mother. When he was about 20 years old, he taught Liu Zizhen, King of Shi'an of Song Dynasty, to read the Five Classics, and served under Liu Ziluan, King of Xin'an for a time, and began his political career.

Jiang Yan was not very successful in his career in his early years. In the second year of Taishi (466), Jiang Yan was transferred to the court of Jianping King Liu Jingsu. Jiang Yan was implicated in the Guangling Order Guo Yanwen case and was falsely accused of taking bribes and imprisoned. He petitioned for his release in prison. Liu Jingsu conspired to rebel. Jiang Yan tried to persuade him many times, but Liu Jingsu refused and demoted Jiang Yan to be the magistrate of Wuxing County in Jian'an. Many of Jiang Yan's representative works were written during his period of being demoted. In the first year of the Ming Dynasty (477) when Emperor Shun of the Song Dynasty was promoted to the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Xiao Daocheng of the Qi Dynasty came to power. He recalled Jiang Yan from Wuxing and appointed him as Shangshu Jiabulang and Hussar to join the military. He was greatly used in the military.

Searching for talents from Xuzhou in the south, the strategy was to advance to the top, and he was transferred to the Zuo Changshi of the Baling Kingdom. Jingsu is Jingzhou and the town of Yancong. When a young emperor ascends the throne, he often loses his virtue. Jing Su was in the upper class, and Xian persuaded him to do something about it. Yanmei calmly remonstrated and said: "Rumors bring misfortune, so the two uncles died together; when they arrived at the bureau and complained, the seven kingdoms were all killed. Your Highness does not seek the safety of the ancestral temple, but believes in the plans of the left and right, and you will see elk and frost dew living there again. The stage of Gusu is not acceptable. When he arrived at Zhenjingkou, Yan joined the Zhenjun army and led the county magistrate of Nandonghai. Jingsu and Xiuxin discussed it day and night, and Yan knew that disaster was about to happen, so he gave him fifteen poems to satirize him.

Lu Chengding, the prefect of Huinan and Donghai, Yan said that the county magistrate should handle county affairs, and Jingsu appointed Sima Liu Shilong. Yangu asked for it, but Jingsu was furious and told the Ministry to depose him as the Jian'an Wuxing Order. The county was flooded for three years. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Qi assisted the government. Hearing of his talents, he summoned him to serve as a minister and a hussar to join the military. When Shen You, the governor of Jingzhou, caused a rebellion, Emperor Gao said to Yan, "If the world is like this, what do you think?" Yan said to him, "In the past, Xiang was strong but Liu was weak, and Yuan Zhong and Cao were few. Yu ordered the princes, and the soldiers suffered the humiliation of a sword. Shao crossed four states and ended up being a prisoner. This is called "the virtue is not in Ding". The emperor said: "There are many people who heard this, so I tried to think about it." The first victory is to be strong and brave; the second victory is to be tolerant and benevolent; the third victory is to be capable and capable; the fourth victory is to be favored by the people; the five victories are to fight against rebellion in the service of the emperor. Small, it means one defeat; it is powerful but not gracious, it means two defeats; its soldiers disintegrate, it means three defeats; it means that the gentry is not caring, it means four defeats; it means hanging troops thousands of miles away without harmonious and harmonious, so it means five defeats. Although there are hundreds of thousands of wolves, I will eventually catch them." The emperor smiled and said, "You have already talked about it." At that time, the military officials said that they were all flooded with grass. Xiang Guojian, supplementary record office to participate in military affairs. At the beginning of the founding of the Yuan Dynasty, he also served as a member of the Hussar Yuzhang Wangji Office, led the Dongwu Order, participated in the imperial edicts, and compiled the history of the country. Looking for the assistant minister of Zhongshu. At the beginning of Yongming Dynasty, he moved Xiaoqi General to take charge of the history of the country. He became a general of Jianwu and an internal historian of Luling. After serving in office for three years, he became a general of valiant cavalry and also served as minister Zuocheng. At the beginning of the young emperor's reign, he served as his own official and censor Zhongcheng.

When Emperor Shun of the Song Dynasty ascended to the Ming Dynasty in the early years, when Xiao Daocheng (later Emperor Gao of Qi) was assisting the government, Shen Youzhi, the governor of Jingzhou, was loyal to the Song Dynasty and raised troops to oppose Xiao Daocheng. Xiao Daocheng asked Jiang Yan, and Jiang Yan told him five reasons why Xiao Daocheng must win and Shen Youzhi must lose. The next year, Shen Youzhi was defeated and committed suicide. For this reason, Jiang Yan was highly appreciated by Emperor Qi Gao. During the Yongyuan period of Hou Hou Yongyuan in the east of Qi Dynasty, Cui Huijing rebelled and led the rebels to besiege Jiankang, the capital. The gentry and bureaucrats in the city joined the rebels one after another. Only Jiang Yan refused to go because he was ill. Cui Huijing was quickly defeated, and everyone admired Jiang Yan's foresight. Later, Xiao Yan led his troops to Xinlin (southwest of today's Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province). The gentry bureaucrats did not think highly of him, and everyone was at peace with him. However, Jiang Yan took off his official uniform and defected to Xiao Yan. Later, Xiao Yan became emperor and Jiang Yan was reused.

Jiang Yan was an upright official, did not avoid the powerful, and spoke out and dared to give advice. After the Song Dynasty, when Liu Yu, the deposed emperor, came to the throne, he was "unruly". Liu Jingsu also listened to the opinions of the left and right, and the political situation was in danger. Jiang Yan calmly remonstrated, but Liu Jingsu was angry and refused to accept it. Jiang Yan gave fifteen poems to satirize him. When Jiang Yan was appointed as censor Zhongcheng, he impeached Zhongshu Ling Xie F, Situ Zuo Chang Shi Wang Yi, and the Guard Chief Shi Yu Zhongyuan.

He also reported that the former governor of Yizhou, Liu Tong, and the governor of Liangzhou, Yin Zhibo, had thousands of filthy treasures, and arrested them and handed them over to the court for punishment. There are countless other officials who have been impeached and punished for violating the law. Emperor Qi Ming once praised Jiang Yan to his face: "Since the Song Dynasty, there has never been a strict censor Zhongcheng. Today, you can be said to be unique in modern times."

Xiao Daocheng established the Song Dynasty on its own, and Jiang Yan was appointed as a hussar of Yu. Zhang Wangji Xiao Yi's family took Dongwu Ling and moved to Zhongshu Shilang. During the Yongming period of Emperor Wu of Qi, he served as Luling's internal history, Shangshu Zuocheng, and Guozi doctor. The young emperor Xiao Zhaoye came to the throne, and Jiang Yan was appointed as the censor Zhongcheng. During the reign of Emperor Xiao Luan of the Ming Dynasty, he also served as the prefect of Xuancheng, secretary and supervisor.

After Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, succeeded Qi Dynasty, Jiang Yan was promoted to Doctor Jin Ziguanglu and was granted the title of Marquis of Liling. In the fourth year of Liang Tianjian's reign (505), Jiang Yan died at the age of sixty-two. He was buried about six kilometers northeast of his hometown of Jiangji Village (now west of Yuezhuang Village, Litang Township, Minquan County). Emperor Wu of Liang mourned him in plain clothes and gave him the posthumous title Xian Bo. There are biographies in "Liang Shu" and "Southern History". Anecdotes and allusions

●Dream pens produce flowers

When Jiang Yan was demoted by the powerful to be the county magistrate in Pucheng, it is said that one day, he walked on the outskirts of Pucheng and rested on a hill. In his sleep, he saw a god giving him a magic pen that shone with five colors. From then on, his literary thoughts surged and he became the leader of a generation of writers. At that time, people called him "the dream pen gives birth to flowers".

●Jiang Lang’s talents were exhausted

After middle age, Jiang Yan’s official career was prosperous, but the peak of his official career brought about a low ebb in his creation. The wealthy and comfortable environment made his talents decline. When Emperor Wu of Qi In the late Yongming Dynasty, he had few masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, so there is a saying that "the talent of Jiang Lang has been exhausted". According to "Poems", it is said that one night he dreamed of a man who claimed to be Guo Pu (a writer of the Jin Dynasty). He said to Jiang Yan: "I have a five-color pen that has been left at your place for many years. Please return it to me." Let me take it!" Jiang Yan took it out of his arms and gave it back to the man. After that, the articles he wrote began to lose their luster. At that time, people said that talents were exhausted, so there was a saying that "the talents of Jiang Lang are exhausted". In addition to the above stories, "Southern History" also records a similar story of "Suo Jin", which happened between Zhang Xie and Jiang Yan.

●Wentong Canjin

Jiang Yan was very talented when he was young. Legend has it that in his later years, he dreamed that Zhang Xie of Jin Dynasty said to him: "I sent you a piece of brocade before, and now I can return it." Jiang Yan returned a few feet of broken brocade, and Zhang said angrily: "Then I have to cut off all the pieces." Jiang Yan His literary talent has never been as good as before. Main achievements

Jiang Yan's outstanding literary achievements are reflected in his Ci and Fu. He is a master of Ci and Fu in the Southern Dynasties, and is also known as Bao Zhao. Ci Fu in the Southern Dynasties developed to "Jiang and Bao" and reached a peak. Jiang Yan's "Hate Fu" and "Farewell Fu" and Bao Zhao's "Wucheng Fu" and "Wuhe Fu" can be said to be masterpieces of poetry in the Southern Dynasties.

Jiang Yan was also a master of parallel prose in the Southern Dynasties. He was one of the most accomplished writers in parallel prose in the Southern Dynasties, as famous as Bao Zhao, Liu Jun, and Xu Ling. The most famous one is the "Book of the King of Jianping" written by him in prison to King Jianping Liu Jingsu. The article is passionate, neither humble nor overbearing, and true feelings flow between the lines. After reading Jiang Yan's petition, Liu Jingsu was deeply moved and immediately released him. In addition, Jiang Yan's "Report to Yuan Shuming" and "On Making Friends with Hidden Letters" were all famous works at that time. Although the achievements of Jiang Yan's poetry are not as good as his poetry and parallel prose, there are still excellent works, which are characterized by far-reaching meanings, especially among the Qi and Liang families. Jiang Yan's outstanding feature in his poetry is his ability to imitate the past, and his appearance is so similar that it can almost be mistaken for the real thing.

Zhong Rong, a literary critic of the Southern Dynasties, said in "Shipin" that Jiang Yan was "good at imitation". Jiang Yan worked hard to study the works of the ancients, which helped him get rid of some beautiful styles and wrote many poems with a strong and vigorous atmosphere in their flowing beauty. Among Jiang Yan's poems, some are Yuefu lyrics. Although Jiang Yan's Yuefu poems could not surpass the others in skill in the Southern Dynasties, they were still regarded as superior works. Historical records

Character evaluation of "The Eighth River Yan in the Fourteenth Biography of Liang Shujuan"

"The Eighth River Yan in the Fourteenth Biography of Liang Shujuan": Young master Yan is distinguished by his articles, and he is known in the late Qing Dynasty When one's talents and thoughts recede slightly, people at that time said that one's talents have been exhausted.

Zhong Rong's "Poetry": Qi Guanglu Jiangyan was proficient in poetry styles, good at imitating, his strength was that of Wang Wei, and his achievements were those of Xie I.

At the beginning, when Yan was in Xuancheng County, he stayed in Yeting. He dreamed of a beautiful husband who called himself Guo Pu. He said to Yan, "I have a pen that has been with you for many years. I hope you can return it." Yan looked into his arms and found a five-color pen to teach him. Of. Later, it became a poem and no longer an idiom. It is said that the talent in the river flooded was exhausted. Personal works

According to the "Autobiography", Jiang Yan's works are in ten volumes, which is a record of Jiang Yan during his time in the Qi Dynasty. According to the records of "Liang Shu·Jiang Yan Biography", "Everyone who wrote more than a hundred articles was compiled into the front and back collections by himself." It can be seen that he later had new works, which he compiled into the two collections before and after. "Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi" records: "Jiang Yan Collection" in nine volumes, "Jiang Yan Hou Collection" in ten volumes." "Old Tang Book" records that "Jiang Yan Qian Collection" in ten volumes, "Jiang Yan Hou Collection" in ten volumes "Ten volumes". After the Tang Dynasty, most records were in ten volumes. Hu Zhiji, a man of the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Jiang Wentong Collection Annotations". According to the original biography of "Liang Shu", he also wrote "History of Qi·Ten Records", which is lost today.

Thirty Miscellaneous Poems

Preface

Farewell in Ancient Times

Li Duweiling Joins the Army

Ban Jieyu chants the fan

Wei Wen Emperor Cao Pi's banquet

Chen Si Wang Cao Zhi presented a gift to a friend

Liu Wenzhen expressed his feelings

Wang Shizhong Can Huaide

Ji Zhong San Kang Yan Zhi

Ruan Bingji chanted Huai

Zhang Sikong Hua Liqing

Pan Huangmenyue expressed his sorrow

Lu Pingyuanji a eunuch

Zuo Ji Shi Si Yong Shi

Zhang Huangmen Xie Kuyu

Liu Taiwei Kun was injured

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Mr. Lu's friendship with Chen

Guo Hongnong's travels to immortals

Sun Tingwei Chuo's miscellaneous narratives

Xu Zhengjun's autobiography

Yin Dongyang Zhongwen Xingzhu

Xie Pushe Hun Tour

Tao Zhengjun Qiantian Residence

Xie Linchuan Lingyun Mountain Tour

Yan Te Jin Yan's banquet

Farewell to Cao Huilian

Wang Zhengjun takes care of his illness

Yuan Taiwei Shu Congjia

Xie Guanglu Outing in the village

Bao joins the army and marches to the Zhao army

Say goodbye to the Master

Learn the poems of Emperor Wen of the Wei Dynasty

Follow the example of Ruan Gong's fifteen poems

Five poems about clear thoughts

Poems about hurting brother-in-law Liu Changshi

Ten poems about people in the mourning chamber

Sao style

Ying Xie Master Book Sao Style

Liu Pushe Dongshan Collection Scholar Sao

Member of the Six Poems of Chu Ci Family in Shanzhong

Son: Jiang o Commemorated by posterity

Jiang Yan’s Tomb is located in Yuezhuang Village, Chengzhuang Town, Minquan County, Shangqiu. The tomb is 1.5 meters high and 10 meters in circumference. There is a stone tablet in front of the tomb, which was erected during the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty. It reads: The tomb of Jiang Wentong, the Marquis of Liling, Jin Ziguanglu. There is a brick square in the cemetery, with stone tablets on both sides, recording Jiang Yan's life and the re-editing of tablets and directories by Jiang's descendants. The cemetery has verdant trees, chirping birds and fragrant flowers, and is quiet and pleasant. It is one of the eight scenic spots in Minquan County.