(1) Reason:

① External factors:/kloc-At the end of 0/9, due to the fierce competition of monopoly organizations, the foreign powers exported more and more capital, and the colonial plunder of overseas countries became more intense. ?

② Internal cause: China's fiasco in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and the surrender policy pursued by the Qing government greatly encouraged the great powers to compete for China's ambition. ?

(2) Change: from the original commodity output to capital output, that is, from seizing the commodity market to seizing the capital market.

(3) Performance: (1) Economically, the great powers controlled China's tariffs and railways, grasped China's economic lifeline, set up factories in China to plunder resources, which seriously affected the development of national capitalism. (2) Politically, dividing "spheres of influence" and seizing leased land in China is a transitional form towards colonization. China is in danger of becoming a colony, and the national crisis is unprecedented.

This question examines the ability to analyze, summarize and generalize problems. This paper focuses on the serious crisis of the Chinese nation and investigates the causes and manifestations of the crisis. At the same time, the national crisis in China was brought into the international environment, which organically combined the history of China with the history of the world.