After reading a famous book carefully, I believe everyone will gain a lot. You can't just watch. Write a review. Is it impossible to write without a clue? The following is my comment on The Scholars (10), I hope you like it.
The Scholars (1) mainly talks about the different performances of various people in the old society in fame and fortune. Described some images of Confucian scholars who were deeply poisoned by the stereotyped imperial examination system, reflecting the bad secular atmosphere at that time.
What impressed me most in The Scholars was the miser-Yan Jiansheng. He is a timid and rich man. What impressed him most was Yan Jiansheng's sudden death. This incident fully shows that Yan Jiansheng is stingy and loves money like life. I don't think such people are worth learning. On the contrary, we have learned to be generous in life. If we are not generous enough, we will end up like Yan Jiansheng. Another thing about Yan Jiansheng-mourning for his dead wife, I know that Yan Jiansheng is too stingy to spend even a little money on relatives, which fully reflects Yan Jiansheng's love for money. In the opening words of The Scholars, Wang Mian, who was born in the countryside, went to herd cattle because he had no money at home. But he likes reading, so he buys books every day. In the end, many things have become celebrities in the county. Many people hired him to be an official, but he refused. He fled to the mountains and lived in seclusion. It shows that he hates the boring life of being an official.
Confucianism taught me to be generous and not greedy for petty advantages.
Du Fu is the main character described in The Scholars. Some people say that the author of Wu can be seen by Du. I haven't studied this and dare not jump to conclusions. However, Du is really a character I like very much. His image is full and full of personality. He is naturally unruly and has a distinctive speech. Among the many characters in the novel, he is undoubtedly outstanding and unforgettable. To this end, I really want to write some thoughts on this character. This paper first writes about his advocacy and creation of "monogamy".
"Monogamy" should be the product of modern civilization and the result of human progress. In China, the compulsory implementation of "monogamy" from the national policy level should be after the founding of the People's Republic of China. However, this does not mean that monogamy was not practiced in China before this. It is said that Zhuge Liang, the famous prime minister of Shu in the Three Kingdoms period, was the first celebrity in China to practice monogamy. Du Fu in The Scholars is also an advocate and faithful practitioner of monogamy.
The Scholars is undoubtedly a satirical novel worthy of in-depth study, and many celebrities speak highly of it. For example, Mr. Lu Xun only used "greatness" to describe two books, one is Historical Records and the other is Scholars. The reason why Wu can write such a great work is inseparable from his life experience. His biological father gave him to his uncle Wu. As an adult, he followed his father everywhere as an official, so he had the opportunity to know the unknown inside story of officialdom, which played a very important role in revealing the decay of officialdom in his works.
At the age of 23, my father died. As the heir of an official's children's family, he basically has no right to fight for the family property, and he can only watch a group of hypocritical relatives fight for the family property. He thoroughly saw the ugly nature of morality, and those well-dressed gentry exposed their hypocrisy in front of money. This kind of life experience is another accumulation of his later creation.
After reading "The Scholars", I turned to "The Scholars" and saw the story of Cowherd Wang Mian painting lotus himself for the first time. I'm afraid the allusions to Wang Mian's paintings in primary school textbooks come from here, which makes me feel familiar and cordial. After reading it for the first time, I learned that Wang Mian is smart and studious. With his own skills, he is filial to his mother and self-reliant. Knowing that the court wanted him to be an official, he fled to Huiji Mountain with his mother overnight. Because he knew that no matter how he was born, once he entered the DPRK as an official, he could not have his own thoughts and activities involuntarily, but could only be a puppet of the court. From beginning to end, Wang Mian didn't step into the imperial examination, was not tired of fame and fortune, and eventually became a handsome man.
The Scholars is not only rich in profound thoughts, but also has a prominent and unique artistic style. The technique of satire runs through the whole article, and its language art and literature art are first-class.
The artistic achievements of The Scholars: First, it broke through the narrative mode of traditional storytelling novels and entered literary creation; Secondly, the peak of irony art is achieved through unique and distinctive irony art; Thirdly, it creates a new novel structure & a series of short stories that runs through it.
The Scholars is a masterpiece of satirical art in the history of China literature, and it is also a mirror of feudal society. Through the vivid description of feudal literati, bureaucratic gentry, street hooligans and other figures, it made people have a profound understanding of the feudal society at that time, involving the political system, ethics and social atmosphere at that time.
After reading The Scholars, I feel that today's society still has the silhouette of ancient society. Only people, things, things and times have changed, but the ugly nature of people has not changed, which makes me lament the wisdom and thoughts of the ancients.
Wu was a novelist in Qing Dynasty, and in his later years he called himself "Wenmu Old Man". He is also the prototype of the anti-stereotyped writing pioneer and world-class satirist Du. Every character in his works is lifelike, which is simply a replica of modern society.
The novel criticizes those greedy scholars, and the present society is indeed as vivid as the words written by the author, which makes me deeply touched after reading it. Every word, sentence and even punctuation in this book has a unique meaning, and it has a dual image of social life at almost every turn. Indeed, when Wang was seriously ill, Yan Jiansheng wanted to "straighten up" his concubine. At first, the two "uncles" and Wang De of the Wangs "lost their faces without a snort". As a result, Yan Jiansheng took out two hundred and twenty pieces of silver, and after each person received one hundred and twenty pieces, he immediately patted the table with a smile and said with righteous words: "We students all work hard on principles, that is, make a fuss. Speaking for Confucius, that's just the truth. " After that, I left, and I completely forgot their sisters. This episode vividly depicts these two ugly souls who are greedy and hypocritical. Because of the characters in Wu's novels, I once again understand and comprehend the "scholar group" in society.
I think the "scholar group" in society is corrupt and incompetent, and there are too many images of being too poor and loving the rich. For example, when he was promoted, Butcher Hu scolded him before he was promoted, saying that he was admitted because others pitied him, not because he got the eternal blame with his real skills. Then, dramatically, when he was promoted, Butcher Hu immediately changed his attitude, completely ignoring his father-in-law's face in order to say a good word. Fan Jin accepted the money, but he still said no. As a result, he held on tight. Fan4 is determined to give it. Hu Ru, the butcher, was granted amnesty. He quickly put the money in his pocket, said a good word about the money and left with a smile. This shows that the butcher Hu loves money like a life. Wu also wrote some figures like Butcher Hu, such as Yan Jiansheng and Er Xin.
After reading the whole book, I once again deeply felt some "scholar groups" in society. They hide such similar souls under their different appearances, which makes me deeply realize how important it is to know a person. If you are not careful, you may be cheated.
There are also replicas of these people in life. They may be near or far away, but what you choose to do is to pursue your true self, don't flatter, don't follow the trend.
The first time I met a scholar was after watching the Peking Opera Fan Jinzhong Drama. After reading it, I was amazed at the author's originality, but I didn't realize the author's real intention until I opened The Scholars and browsed the whole story.
"Fan Jinzhong Residence" is about a 54-year-old boy who was finally admitted. He was so happy that he went crazy and was finally awakened by his father-in-law Hu, who was most afraid of him. This is a very simple story, but in fact it is not that simple.
In Jin Fan's view, winning the senior high school entrance examination is a good thing. After thirty-four years of hard work, he finally succeeded. Judging from his madness, it is enough to see that the scholars at that time were obsessed with fame and fortune. But their fascination is not for the moral theory of governing the country, but for pure personal promotion and wealth. Jin Fan is one of the representatives of scholars who won the exam. The feudal government took their glory as an example for those who failed, which deepened the poison of the imperial examination.
For butcher Hu, this is also of great significance. Beat and scold Jin Fan before winning the grand prize. Once won the prize, Jin Fan was slapped because he was crazy, but he said, "(Jin Fan) is my son-in-law, but now he is an old man and a star in the sky. The stars in the sky can't beat it. " In this way, the snob's face is clearly outlined. Hutu is the embodiment of ordinary people who are rich and famous and poisoned by the imperial examination.
And those squires rushed to send gold and silver to Jin Fan at the first time. They helped the government spread the poison of the imperial examination.
This book is full of satire and acrimony, which is closely related to the author's life background. Wu is generous and regarded as the black sheep of his family. He was poor in the second half of his life, but he was refused several times when he was asked to take the imperial examination. There are eight strands of rope under his desk. There is a bug and a mosquito under each strand of rope, which means "eight strands of smelly paper". Because poverty can't keep warm, he often invites his friends to walk around. Under this background, he "sings and laughs, caring for each other" and calls it "warm feet". No wonder the description in the book is so intriguing.
Times are different now. We live in an era when few people mention such things as imperial examinations, and there is nothing pedantic in the book. However, we often see the elderly at home waiting in line in the early hours of the morning for the next generation to enroll in extracurricular classes. Many candidates study day and night because of the senior high school entrance examination, some throw books to celebrate, and some commit suicide by jumping off a building. Many people eat and drink with diplomas. I wonder if the Scholars will satirize the system of this era in the future.
After reading The Scholars, the seventh chapter is "Harmony but Difference, Modesty and Irony". This is Mr. Lu Xun's evaluation of Wenmu's The Scholars, which shows the high achievement of this book. After reading this book, I found it unforgettable. Among them, Wang Mian is the most important person. Like Tao Yuanming, he is a real hermit, which makes the world admire him.
The four characters "A hermit is not an official" can be described as a high generalization of Wang Mian's lifelong pursuit. But when you achieve great success, why not go into politics? With his talent, it is only a matter of time before he gets rich. The problem that bothers me confuses me. But reading the whole book, the answer is obvious. Corrupt officials are in power, villains are successful, society is black and white, and the people are miserable. In order to keep moral integrity and not be in cahoots with the secular world, they kept it from the official. However, this kind of behavior is incompatible with the fake Confucian scholars who later appeared in BLACKPINK, but it will show the difference between good and bad. False Confucian scholars are snobbish, greedy and despicable, while Wang Mian is indifferent to fame and fortune, honest and honest, and is a true Confucian scholar and a true scholar.
Looking back on Wang Mian's childhood, I am even more amazed at his success. My father died in his early years, and my mother made a living by sewing. The cost of studying in Wang Mian is a huge expense. Soon, Wang Mian had to drop out of school to become a herdsman, and Wang Mian's mediocre life seemed a foregone conclusion. However, Wang Mian did not choose to give up, but chose to scrimp and save, and asked people to buy books for his own study. How many people are ashamed of learning!
However, what really made Wang Mian famous was not reading, but painting.
That day, dark clouds were gathering, and it rained cats and dogs for a while. It was summer and the lotus was gorgeous and enchanting. After a storm comes a calm, dew rolls freely on the lotus leaf, red and green, sunny and beautiful. Wang Mian saw it, loved it, and was tempted to raise it. Why not? Thinking about thinking, suddenly, suddenly, suddenly, why not use painting to freeze this beautiful scenery?
Cold comes and summer goes, persevere and draw branches. The paintings are lifelike and breathtaking, and the palms are amazing.
Gradually, Wang Mian became a famous painter in Shili Baxiang. Landlords and bureaucrats all want to buy his paintings, but he doesn't bend over for five buckets of rice, but works from the heart. He is not afraid of powerful people and doesn't care about official titles. He is quite a Taogong. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of Ming Dynasty, went to visit Wang Mian, but Wang Mian did not accept it. And those pseudo-Confucian scholars are totally different from Wang Mian. They are hypocritical, have no position, regard money as love and abandon dignity. What a pity!
In addition, Wang Mian's filial piety is also everyone's sense of shame. He served his mother for six years in front of the soup bed, kept filial piety at the grave for three years, and strictly adhered to his mother's will: the world will not be an official. He also became a model for the world to show filial piety and be imitated by others.
Wang Mian was either rich or expensive all his life, but he was not afraid of powerful people, loyal and filial, indifferent to fame and fortune, free and easy, and pinned all his feelings on calligraphy and painting works. He was a real Confucian. This also confirms the reason why he first appeared in the novel. And whenever I recall this book, I can't help but think of Wang Mian, whose words and deeds are still the benchmark of our life. A real hermit doesn't need wealth around him, but also needs a generation of romantic figures.
I read the eighth article of the Scholars, "There are many roads in life, and the gods get mortals ... how can three cups of drunken wine be a withered flower?" This is Wu's introduction to The Scholars. The text expresses the author's feeling of seeing through fame and fortune.
In The Scholars, the author vividly depicts some "scholars" who were devastated by the imperial examination system and a large number of so-called celebrities who are ignorant, morally corrupt and pretentious, and also enthusiastically depicts some real Confucian sages who respect themselves, love themselves, advocate rites and music and downplay their minds. It expresses the author's denial of the imperial examination system, his dislike of bureaucratic groups, his hatred of feudal ethics and his sympathy for the people.
This book seems to take us back to that dark age: during the Ming Dynasty, a group of scholars struggled desperately for fame and fortune, and eventually they were gradually corroded in the dark society, such as Jin Fan, who was still in his fifties. He is just a boy in his fifties, and his family is very poor. In the weather of June+February in 5438, he was still wearing a light coat, "shivering with cold." Jin Fan didn't pass the exam for decades, but he took the exam because of the flattery of Zhou Jin, the examiner. He went crazy in Paradise.
I feel sorry for this role. He was a lower-class intellectual who was keen on imperial examinations and was deeply poisoned by feudal education. His youth was spent in the imperial examination, and his only goal was to gain fame and fortune in the imperial examination. After decades of repeated attempts, he didn't want to work to support his family, and his soul was completely bound by the shackles of the imperial examination. Jin Fan won the prize. Although his material wealth improved his social status, his soul was completely poisoned by the imperial examination. I don't understand this: what are they studying for? Name? For profit? These answers were all right at the time. They are short-sighted, have a good name and are good at profit. When they become famous, they only know how to have fun and don't seek progress. They are already victims of feudal society.
Speaking of Jin Fan, I think of a completely different figure-Mr. Zhou Enlai. When he was at school, one day, the headmaster asked everyone why they were studying. Students' answers are different. The headmaster asked Zhou Enlai to answer the question again. Zhou Enlai replied: "Studying for the rise of China."
In my opinion, Mr. Zhou Enlai is an ambitious, caring and diligent person. With people like him, why doesn't China rise?
But in The Scholars, there is a character, Wang Mian, who is quiet, far from fame, filial and talented. Compared with those "scholars", this is an ideal figure who is both a true Confucian and a true celebrity.
This character finally gave me some comfort. Because there are several lotus flowers in Mud in the Pond, and Wang Mian is one of them. Although he has no lofty aspirations and studies to enrich himself, he is still a good mirror in terms of quality.
On the other hand, what makes "scholars" so obsessed? That's it-the essence of the imperial examination system has changed from the Sui and Tang Dynasties, when it was only to find more people to govern the country, to the Ming Dynasty, when it became a "ladder for the progress of scholars". In my opinion, the "official standard" strange circle formed by this system is like a big quagmire. It's hard to get out when you go in, even modern people may not. Fortunately, this system has long been abolished. Our country is now exam-oriented education. Studying is to give full play to one's special skills, and taking exams is to better consolidate knowledge.
"I remember that I loved Qinhuai at that time and occasionally left my hometown ... From now on, I will roll with the medicine stove and I will be empty." The conclusion brings endless reverie to people and endless thinking to readers after reading this book. ...
After reading The Scholars, I was deeply impressed by the vivid portrayal of the characters in the novel, because I had studied Fan Jinzhong's plays before. This summer vacation, I thoroughly watched The Scholars. In the feudal society at that time, in the eyes of scholars, "career promotion" was above everything else, so everyone devoted themselves to eight-part essay in order to win a fame.
There is no denying that this is a great realistic novel. The story of Wang Mian is told at the beginning of the novel. Wang Mian suffered a lot in his life. He read widely through hard work, but he was unwilling to enter the official career all his life. Through the experience of scholars behind the novel, such as Zhou Jin and Jin Fan, it will form a strong contrast with Wang Mian's life. For example, Zhou Jin in the novel left a deep impression on me. He is over 60 years old and a old boys. Passing by Hiram's Hospital, I was moved by the scene before me, and my eyes were full of tears. Hit the number plate, unconscious. I can't help feeling sad when I read this. When a group of businessmen wanted to spend money to donate a Guo Jian to him, Zhou Jin said, "If so, it would be the rebirth of parents. I will serve Zhou Jin as a donkey and a horse!" Climbing underground, hitting several heads. It can be seen that he has been deeply poisoned by the imperial examination and cannot extricate himself. Later, Zhou Jin promoted Jin Fan, which was also the result of their similar experiences and resonance. It can be seen that the social atmosphere at that time was like this. I can't help but feel sad for their times and feel sorry for these literati!
Compared with them, in today's society, if you want to make a difference and realize your dreams, there are many ways to succeed, and they are not necessarily the only way to go. For example, Zhang Jian chose industry to save the country, and Lu Xun abandoned medicine to join the literature. Such figures abound in modern times.
The most regrettable character in The Scholars is Superman Kuang. He used to be a filial and studious person, but he fell into the whirlpool of worldly pursuit of fame and profit, met bad people like Pan San, and later helped Pan San do bad things. After Pan San was arrested, he immediately cut off contact with Pan San for fear of bringing trouble to himself. This is also unfair. Not only does he not study well, but he also likes to brag. He often doesn't pretend to understand, and what he finally gets is a celebrity's discriminatory smile. Kuang Superman was originally excellent, but he was poisoned by stereotyped writing and made bad friends, so he ended up like this. What a pity!
The Scholars is a satirical novel, which depicts many literati, some vulgar and ridiculous, some despicable and ugly, some pitiful ... Today, hundreds of years later, I read the Scholars carefully and still sigh. With his humorous language, Wu vividly portrayed the decadent and dark side of the imperial examination system in feudal society.
10 in the summer, I was lucky enough to read a good book-The Scholars. This book is different from the novels I have read before. Other novels have a clear center, and the development of the story revolves around this center. Generally, the whole book has only one big story as the framework, but unlike The Scholars, its full text consists of many small stories, and the center is.
After studying this book carefully, I found that two stories left a deep impression on me. One is Wang Mian's resignation, and the other is Jin Fan's recommendation.
Wang Mian was born in poverty when he was a child. When he was a child, he herded cattle for others and taught himself. But his paintings were clever, and later he became famous. His temperament was heard by Han Xing in Anyang, and he thought it was different. Taking him as a disciple, Wang Mian became a learned Confucian scholar. But what I didn't expect was that I failed in the exam many times, so I didn't care about the article. Later, he was asked to be an official and was rejected. But he sympathized with the people all his life, condemned the powerful and despised fame. This is in sharp contrast with many people in the later period of The Scholars.
There is another story, Jin Fanzhong Ju, although this is a story that everyone learned in junior high school. But when I read it again, I still left infinite feelings. Fan Jinzhong's family was too poor to cook, so he took an old hen to the market to sell. When he learned that he had won the bid, he was ecstatic and turned into a madman. Finally, his father-in-law, butcher Hu, slapped him to wake him up.
At this time, the local squire and other prominent figures looked at him with new eyes. Some people sent houses and some property, and Jin Fan's life changed immediately. Among them, the change of father-in-law Hu shows that the imperial examination system in feudal society had a great influence on ordinary people at that time and was deeply toxic.
Comparing Wang Mian and Jin Fan's different attitudes towards the imperial examination, they both wrote about the poison of the feudal imperial examination system to people. As the Scholars said at the beginning: fame and fortune are unfounded, spending all your emotions and always making mistakes. Three glasses of turbid wine will make you drunk, but the water will be weak.
The Scholars covers the imperial examinations that are proud or frustrated. An incorruptible or corrupt veteran; A talented woman who escapes from marriage, a salt merchant of concubines; Fake knight, parallel hermit; The aristocratic children who can't find their sweetheart and the filial piety of their old father can't be found; Scholars who eat, drink and cheat, Jianghu travelers who cheat, etc. The author reflects the corruption of the secular atmosphere at that time.
Some people commented that Wu's The Scholars satirized stereotyped Party writing, bureaucracy and feudal society at that time, and added some positive figures and negative figures for comparison. The division of positive characters mainly lies in maintaining their proper moral character, while negative characters are ignorant bureaucrats who oppress the people with their official positions all day, and Confucian scholars who only study Confucianism and pursue the right path, but actually seal up their moral character. Then the author keenly captures the instantaneous behavior of the characters, and skillfully combines the reflection on the fate of intellectuals in the past 100 years with their instantaneous behavior, so that satire has cultural capacity and social significance.
Good books make people understand. As a middle school student in the new era, I am proud that our country has a fair college entrance examination system.