In the early 1980s, more complete characters were found on the pottery unearthed from the Xia cultural site in Dengfeng, Henan. This is the earliest written language with exact time confirmed by scholars in China so far.
It is reported that according to the written materials unearthed from archaeological excavations, China had formal written materials at least in the Xia Dynasty. For example, archaeologists once found the word "Wen" in writing brush and calligraphy on a flat pottery jar unearthed from the Taosi site in Xiangfen, Shanxi. These symbols belong to the basic configuration in the early writing system, but unfortunately such unearthed writing materials are still rare.
About 6000 years ago, there were more than 50 kinds of carved symbols on the outer wall of pottery in Yangshao cultural sites such as Banpo site. They are well-planned, regular and have the characteristics of simplified Chinese characters, which may be the bud of Chinese characters.
In the pottery of the late Dawenkou cultural site and Liangzhu cultural site about four or five thousand years ago, relatively regular graphic descriptions were found, which were early graphic characters.
Extended data:
The History of Chinese Characters in China;
Legend has it that Cang Xie created Chinese characters. Cang Xie inspired, classified, collected, arranged and utilized the footprints of birds and animals recorded in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, which played an important role in the creation of Chinese characters and was known as the "sage of word creation".
Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the earliest known mature Chinese character, appeared in Shang Dynasty, and Zhong Dingwen appeared later. Although the number of words increased, it did not change much.
Due to the vast territory of the Zhou Dynasty and the long-term separatist regime, Chinese characters obviously showed abnormal characters among vassal States at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, especially during the Warring States Period. In order to consolidate the rule after the unification of Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang ordered Prime Ministers Lisi, CZ Zhao Gao and Taishi Hu Wujing to sort out the characters, and based on the big seal script of Qin State, made the small seal script as the national standard font.
Later, according to the popular fonts at that time, a simpler font official script was compiled, which was widely circulated throughout the country as a common word. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, regular script appeared and the evolution of Chinese characters was perfect. Not only that, the first calligraphy monograph "cursive script" appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
It used to be said that Chinese characters began in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, but in fact, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is already a mature writing. Before this, Chinese characters should have a development process from generation to maturity, so some people advocate pushing it to the end of summer; Others think that we have our own opinions before promoting Zhixia.
Guo Moruo pointed out in Dialectical Development of Ancient Chinese Characters: "When did Chinese characters originate? I think this can be seen from the age of Xi' an banpo village site. " "Banpo site is about 6000 years old." "Banpo site is a typical Yangshao culture in Neolithic age", "Banpo painted pottery often has some simple descriptions with similar words, which are quite different from the patterns on the utensils. "
"Although the meaning of the description is not clear, it is undoubtedly a symbol with a literal nature." "It can definitely be said that it is the origin of China characters, or the Jie legacy of China's original characters." Accordingly, Chinese civilization should be counted as nearly 6000 years.
When did China's writing begin? When did the oldest writing appear? What do they mean? No agreement has been reached so far, and a lot of materials are needed to explain it.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese Characters
Edited on 20 19- 10-06.
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Chinese characters have a history of thousands of years in China.
It was invented, created and improved by China people in ancient times. At present, the exact history can be traced back to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty around 65438 BC+0300 BC. Then the seal script of the Qin Dynasty was named "Chinese Characters" in the Han Dynasty, and in the Tang Dynasty it became the standard of handwritten fonts used today-regular script.
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Chinese characters have a history of thousands of years in China. What is its origin?
Archaeologists in China have published a series of unearthed materials about the origin of characters earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins. Jia Hu's woodcut has a history of about 7762 years (128) after the physical determination of carbon 14. There are double pier sculptures 7,000 years ago, Banpo pottery sculptures 6,000 years ago, Qingdun site sculptures 5,000 years ago, tomb site couplets, Dawenkou pottery symbols, Taosi site Zhu Wen in Yao and Shun times, and Xia site water calligraphy. In the early 1980s, more complete characters were found on the pottery unearthed from the Xia cultural site in Dengfeng, Henan. This is the earliest written language with exact time confirmed by scholars in China so far. It is reported that according to the written materials unearthed from archaeological excavations, China had formal written materials at least in the Xia Dynasty. For example, archaeologists once found the word "Wen" in writing brush and calligraphy on a flat pottery jar unearthed from the Taosi site in Xiangfen, Shanxi. These symbols belong to the basic configuration in the early writing system, but unfortunately such unearthed writing materials are still rare. About 6000 years ago, there were more than 50 kinds of carved symbols on the outer wall of pottery in Yangshao cultural sites such as Banpo site. They are well-planned, regular and have the characteristics of simplified Chinese characters, which may be the bud of Chinese characters. In the pottery of the late Dawenkou cultural site and Liangzhu cultural site about four or five thousand years ago, relatively regular graphic descriptions were found, which were early graphic characters. Extended data:
History of Chinese Characters: Legend has it that Cang Xie created Chinese characters. Cang Xie inspired, classified, collected, arranged and utilized the footprints of birds and animals recorded in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, which played an important role in the creation of Chinese characters and was known as the "sage of word creation". Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the earliest known mature Chinese character, appeared in Shang Dynasty, and Zhong Dingwen appeared later. Although the number of words increased, it did not change much. Due to the vast territory of the Zhou Dynasty and the long-term separatist regime, Chinese characters obviously showed abnormal characters among vassal States at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, especially during the Warring States Period. In order to consolidate the rule after the unification of Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang ordered Prime Ministers Lisi, CZ Zhao Gao and Taishi Hu Wujing to sort out the characters, and based on the big seal script of Qin State, made the small seal script as the national standard font. Later, according to the popular fonts at that time, a simpler font official script was compiled, which was widely circulated throughout the country as a common word. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, regular script appeared and the evolution of Chinese characters was perfect. Not only that, the first calligraphy monograph "cursive script" appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It used to be said that Chinese characters began in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, but in fact, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is already a mature writing. Before this, Chinese characters should have a development process from generation to maturity, so some people advocate pushing it to the end of summer; Others think that we have our own opinions before promoting Zhixia. Guo Moruo pointed out in Dialectical Development of Ancient Chinese Characters: "When did Chinese characters originate? I think this can be seen from the age of Xi' an banpo village site. " "Banpo site is about 6000 years old." "Banpo site is a typical Yangshao culture in Neolithic age", "Banpo painted pottery often has some simple descriptions with similar words, which are quite different from the patterns on the utensils." "Although the meaning of the description is not clear, it is undoubtedly a literal symbol." "Absolutely can be said to be the origin of China characters, or the Jie legacy of China's original characters. "On this basis, China civilization should be nearly 6000 years. When did China's writing begin? When did the oldest writing appear? What do they mean? No agreement has been reached so far, and a lot of materials are needed to explain it. References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese Characters
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Chinese characters have a history of thousands of years in China. Be accurate! ! ! ! ! ! !
Archaeological and documentary records show that at least four or five thousand years ago, Chinese characters, a written language in China, were born and became more and more mature. According to the existing ancient documents and confirmed archaeological discoveries, the history of the origin of Chinese characters is at least four or five thousand years, and the history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning of ancient civilization in China, so we usually say that the Chinese nation has a civilization history of five thousand years. Since its appearance, China's characters have gone through a long development process. After the invention of printing, early picture characters, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, ancient prose, seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script gradually derived various printing fonts to meet the printing requirements. Among them, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is regarded as the earliest stereotyped writing in China.
Browse 92020-03-08
Chinese characters have a history of thousands of years.
Chinese characters, also known as Chinese, Chinese characters and square characters, are the recording symbols of Chinese and belong to morpheme syllables of ideographic characters. One of the oldest characters in the world has a history of more than 6000 years. In form, it gradually changes from graphics to strokes, pictographs to symbols, and complex to simple; In the principle of word formation, from ideographic, ideographic to phonological. Except for a few Chinese characters (such as Zi, Zi, Zi, Chi and Zi), they are all one Chinese character and one syllable. It should be noted that Japanese, Korean, Korean Peninsula, Vietnamese and other countries were deeply influenced by China culture in history, and even borrowed Chinese characters from their languages. Modern Chinese characters refer to capitalized Chinese characters, including traditional characters and simplified characters. Modern Chinese characters have developed from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, calligraphy and seal script to official script, cursive script, regular script and running script. Chinese characters were invented and improved by Han ancestors, which is an indispensable link to maintain the Han dialect area. The earliest existing Chinese characters are Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty and later inscriptions on bronze in about 1300 BC, which evolved into seal script in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and then to seal script and official script in the Qin Dynasty, until the official script prevailed in the Han and Wei Dynasties, and the official script was changed to regular script at the end of the Han Dynasty. Regular script prevailed in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and it is still popular today. Chinese characters have been used for the longest time so far, and they are also the only one of the main characters, fonts and systems in ancient times. Chinese characters were the main official characters in China and China dynasties. In ancient times, Chinese characters were also the only international communication language in East Asia. Before the 20th century, it was still the official written standard language of Japan, Korea, Korean Peninsula, Vietnam, Ryukyu and other countries, and all East Asian countries created their own Chinese characters to some extent. In the genre of non-Chinese characters, Japan has formulated a list of commonly used Chinese characters, and South Korea has also formulated basic Chinese characters for education, while countries that have used Chinese characters in history, such as Vietnam, North Korea, Xi 'an and Mongolia, have now abandoned Chinese characters.
6 browse 1532020-03-27
Chinese characters have a history of thousands of years.
Usually, we say that the Han nationality has a civilization history of 5,000 years, and Wen Tao has a Dawenkou culture of at least 5,000 years. The history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning of ancient civilization in China. Archaeological and documentary records show that Chinese characters originated in Yangshao culture period of Neolithic Age, entered the stage of character accumulation in about 4000 BC and 2000 BC, and formed a fairly systematic writing system in Shang Dynasty. In the later period of Sui Ren (about 10,000 BC), Sui Ren invented the earliest "symbolic writing". Initially, symbolic characters were mainly composed of three symbols, namely "χ", "△" and "meter". Its invention originated from the big knot and summary of "knotting notes" At first, some people thought that knotting notes were troublesome, so they carved the knots in knotting notes on a stone with symbols. The big knots were represented by χ, the small knots by△, and the overlapping knots by meter. It is found that this method is more ingenious than knot notes, which avoids the unfavorable factors such as easy burning and decay of knot notes and can be preserved forever. So people gradually used "symbol lettering" to replace "knotting notes" and invented dozens of different symbols to replace different things. This symbol is the original script of ancient China. Ancient symbols and characters have lasted for about 5,000 years in the history of China, and early ancient cultural records were basically recorded with symbols and characters. In ancient times, there were officials who specially recorded history, such as the above-mentioned officials, the grand ceremony and the little ceremony, all before the Yellow Emperor's regime. It can be seen that the history of civilization in China did not begin with the Yellow Emperor as Sima Qian said. Sima Qian inherited Confucius' concept of "great unification" and artificially transformed the history of China. Although the symbolic writing has a history of thousands of years, it belongs to cipher writing, which can only be circulated among a few people, and outsiders can't decipher it at all, so it is difficult to popularize it. So people invented hieroglyphics, using simple pictures to express specific things, such as drawing a mountain shape for "mountain", drawing several water waves for "water", drawing a circle for "sun", drawing a semicircle for "moon" and so on. This kind of writing can be mastered without special study and memory, and it is very popular with the public. Cang Xie's achievement lies in his extensive collection of folk pictures and characters, and his creation of systematic hieroglyphics. The history book says: "The first emperor surnamed Hao, Hou Gang ... was born to write. And the words recorded in the river map, so the world is changing, looking up at the trend of kuixing and singing, overlooking the turtle-patterned birds and feathers mountains and rivers and creating words. It's raining millet, ghosts cry at night, Long Yin. " (A Textual Research on Huang Yishu's Book and the Spring and Autumn Period and Yuan Dynasty). Chinese characters have changed for more than 6,000 years, and the evolution process is as follows: Oracle Bone Inscriptions → bronze inscription → seal script → official script → regular script → running script (Shang) (Zhou) (Qin) (Han) (Wei and Jin Dynasties). The seven fonts "Jin Jia seal script and Cao Li Xing Kai" are called "seven-style Chinese characters"-the appearance of Chinese characters is well documented. Oracle Bone Inscriptions is both a hieroglyph and a phonography. Until now, there are still some pictographs in Chinese characters, which are very vivid. In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, Chinese characters developed into Da Zhuan. The development of seal script has produced two characteristics: first, the lines with uneven thickness in the early days became uniform and soft, and the lines they drew with utensils were very concise and vivid; Second, standardization, the glyph structure tends to be neat, and gradually deviates from the original shape of the picture, laying the foundation for the square characters. Later, Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, simplified Da Zhuan and changed it to Xiao Zhuan. Small seal script not only simplifies the shape of big seal script, but also achieves the perfection of lineation and standardization, almost completely divorced from pictures and characters, and has become a neat, harmonious and very beautiful square font which is basically rectangular. However, Xiao Zhuan also has its own fundamental shortcoming, that is, its lines are very inconvenient to write with a pen, so almost at the same time, a kind of official script with flat sides was produced. By the Han Dynasty, the official script had developed to a mature stage, and the readability and writing speed of Chinese characters had been greatly improved. After Li Shu, it evolved into Cao Zhang, and now it is grass. In the Tang dynasty, there was Weeds, which expressed the writer's thoughts and feelings with a pen. Subsequently, regular script (also known as original script), a combination of official script and cursive script, became popular in the Tang Dynasty. The print we use today evolved from regular script. Between regular script and cursive script is a running script, which is fluent in writing and flexible in using a pen. It is said that it was invented by Liu Desheng in Han Dynasty, and it is still the font used in our daily writing today. In the Song Dynasty, with the development of printing, block printing was widely used, and Chinese characters were further improved and developed, resulting in a new type of calligraphy-Songti printing font. After the invention of printing, the carving knife used for lettering had a far-reaching influence on the glyph of Chinese characters, resulting in a kind of printing font with fine horizontal and thick vertical, which was eye-catching and easy to read, and was later called Song Style. There are two kinds of fonts for the moment: fat imitation face, Liu style, thin imitation European style and dangerous style. Among them, the strokes of Yan and Liu are towering, with some characteristics of horizontal, thin and vertical. In the Ming Dynasty, between Qin Long and Wanli, it changed from Song style to Ming style, with fine strokes and square fonts. It turned out that at that time, a kind of Hongwu style was popular among the people, which was used in official posts, lanterns, notices, private stones, and the main cards of ancestral temples. Later, some book carvers created a non-face and non-European skin silhouette in the process of imitating Hongwu's style. Especially because the strokes of this font are horizontal and vertical, it is really easy to engrave. It is different from seal script, official script, original script and cursive script, unique, fresh and pleasing to the eye. Therefore, it has been widely used since16th century and has become a very popular main printing font. It's also called Song Style, and it's also called lead font. In Chinese characters, all kinds of fonts formed in different historical periods have their own distinctive artistic characteristics. For example, seal script is simple and elegant, official script is static and dynamic, rich in decoration, fast in cursive script, compact in structure, neat and beautiful in regular script, easy to read and write, practical, diverse in style and different in personality. The evolution of Chinese characters is from pictographic pictures to linear symbols, strokes adapted to brush writing and printed fonts convenient for carving. Its evolution provides rich inspiration for China's font design. In character design, if we can give full play to the characteristics and elegant demeanor of various fonts of Chinese characters, we will certainly be able to design exquisite works with ingenious application and unique conception. Since the unification of Qin Shihuang, China characters have gradually embarked on the road of development. China characters in different times have distinct and unique national and folk customs, and the history of China's characters is deeply engraved with the wisdom and hard work of China people. However, now some people know little about their own language, but their enthusiasm for other languages is still half-toned. Words are the soul of a country. In order to understand the changes, history and soul of the motherland, we chose this topic. With the development of Chinese characters, after China was unified by Qin Dynasty, Chinese characters were constantly simplified and sorted out, which made them gradually standardized. The development of Chinese characters can be roughly divided into four stages: ancient prose, seal script, official script and regular script. Among them, seal script is divided into big seal script and small seal script; Lishu is different from Qin Lishu and Lishu. It can be seen that any new font in history has been gradually formed through long-term evolution. Generally speaking, after the formation of regular script, China characters have been basically finalized (table 1). (Table 1: Evolution of Chinese Characters) 1 Before Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Qin unified Chinese characters, Chinese characters in China were still confused in font and application. In a broad sense, ancient Chinese includes the characters before Xiao Zhuan, and also includes Da Zhuan. In a narrow sense, it refers to the characters before Dazhuan in the history of China characters. Here, the narrow concept of ancient prose is adopted. Ancient prose includes Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze; Among them, the former is considered as the earliest stereotyped writing in China. Oracle Bone Inscriptions: Written or carved characters left on tortoise shells and animal bones in the late Shang Dynasty.
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