As early as the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year), Qin people immigrated to Bashu, Chu people exploited the southwest, and Yan countries exploited the Liaohe River basin, all of which had a certain number of immigrants.

1 During the Qin and Han Dynasties (22 BC1-220 BC), the northern minority Xiongnu often invaded, and every time the Xiongnu was defeated, they often moved their prisoners to the mainland. During the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 28 1-3 18), more ethnic groups such as Xiongnu, Xianbei, Shi and Qiang migrated to the mainland. During this period, a large number of Hu people went south, many small countries were established in North China, and a large number of Han residents moved from the Yellow River basin to the south of the Yangtze River. At that time, the government moved the local governments of the original counties in the north to the south, which was called expatriate counties. For example, there are so-called South Xuzhou, South Zhou and South Yu. This is the first large-scale population migration in the history of China.

2. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907-960 AD), the northern Khitans moved south; Later, the Jin people of the Jurchen nationality went south. During the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 133- 1279), all parts of North China were ruled by Jin people, and the Southern Song government moved its capital to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou). In this way, a large number of jurchen moved to the Yellow River valley, and the Han people who originally lived in the Yellow River valley were forced to move to the Yangtze River valley and the Pearl River valley again. This is the second largest immigrant in the history of China.

The Yuan Dynasty government established by Mongols (A.D. 1279- 1368) ruled the whole of China, and a large number of Mongols moved to the mainland.

3. 1659, Manchu established the Qing Dynasty to rule China. Most Manchu residents entered the mainland and formed the Eight Banners. They live among the vast number of Han people and gradually adopt Chinese. At the same time, Manchu and Han also intermarried with each other. At the end of the Qing dynasty, most Manchu people stayed in the mainland. On the other hand, Manchuria in the northeast was originally forbidden to Han Chinese. However, due to the large population in the mainland and frequent floods and droughts, people from Shandong, Hebei and Henan in the lower reaches of the Yellow River began to move to the northeast privately. Later, because Russian and Japanese imperialism attempted to occupy Manchuria, the Qing government also rewarded Han Chinese to go there to enrich the frontier.

4. In the late Qing Dynasty (A.D. 19 1 1), the population of the three northeastern provinces increased to 29 million. In just over a hundred years, the total population of Northeast China has increased from less than 1 10,000 to 29 million, an increase of nearly 30 times. Although this is only a regional population migration in China, it is also a large-scale population migration in terms of its large number and rapid growth.