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? Any kind of cultural phenomenon has its profound social roots. As a universal cultural phenomenon, the roaming of poets in the Tang Dynasty has a direct relationship with the literary form of poetry, which is undoubtedly inseparable from the literati mentality brought about by the prosperity of the society in the Tang Dynasty.
? The Tang Dynasty was the peak of feudal society in China and the most prosperous society in China. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the surrounding ethnic minorities were pacified, a unified political power was established, and the economy recovered from the great decline of the Sui Dynasty. In addition, the rulers of the Tang Dynasty carried out enlightened politics, and the national strength reached its peak in Kaiyuan and Tianbao years. Strong national strength has created an extremely favorable environment for the prosperity of culture. The rule of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty accelerated the process of cultural blending between the North and the South, which began in the Sui Dynasty. The attitude of the rulers of the Tang Dynasty towards foreigners greatly promoted the blending of North-South culture and Chinese-Western culture.
? Literati in the Tang Dynasty lived in such a society with national unity, economic prosperity, enlightened politics and developed culture, and generally developed a confident mentality, a positive attitude towards life, and a more magnificent mind, tolerance and ambition. Many literati in the Tang Dynasty, in addition to self-confidence, also had arrogant personalities: Li Bai, Ge, Xie An, and they all hoped to make great achievements in the world. Draw a picture of Qilin Pavilion, such as Chaomingguang Palace. "Cen Can thinks that" a husband in his thirties is not rich, can he keep his pen and inkstone all day? "Wang Changling said," The Yellow River, clad in golden armor, will never retreat after hundreds of battles, nor will it return the broken Loulan. "It is their arrogant and confident personality that gives them hope to enter the ruling class and make more contributions to the stability and development of the country.
? This mentality of scholars urges them to run for scientific research. However, the road of scientific research in the Tang Dynasty was cruel, so some of them embarked on another road, that is, they made contributions to the army through the fame brought by roaming the world or in the frontier fortress to gain the approval of the rulers. In this way, with the roaming wind of chasing fame and profit, many poets traveled all over the country, visiting famous mountains and rivers, places of interest, frontier fortress and famous cities. Of course, roaming for fame and profit is not the only reason for roaming. The poet's good ranger, his preference for the great mountains and rivers of the motherland and his pursuit of Taoism like Li Bai are also indispensable factors for roaming. We can only say that the roaming life of poets in the Tang Dynasty is in the process of roaming with the pursuit of fame and profit as the main line, which fully shows their good feelings of rangers, love for nature and belief in immortal Taoism.
? The roaming of poets in Tang Dynasty was mainly in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods. Li Bai is the most famous roaming poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Poets who have experienced roaming include Du Fu, Gao Shi, Meng Haoran, Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan, Cui Hao, Li Jie and Zuyong. Li Bai's roaming experience can be divided into three periods: one is the period in central Sichuan. When Li Bai was about 18 years old, he lived in seclusion and studied in a big mine. During his years in the big mine, he traveled to other counties and visited Jiange and Zizhou. He visited Chengdu at the age of 20, Emei Mountain in the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), and Pingqiang River to Yuzhou in autumn. The second time was before being recruited to Chang' an. In the spring of the 13th year of Kaiyuan, Li Bai went east to Kuimen to "leave his relatives and travel far" (Biography of Pei Yun in Shang 'an Prefecture), east to Dongting, Lushan, Jinling and Yangzhou, east to Vietnam, then westward, dreamily passed Xiangyang, visited the sea, and soon settled in Anlu, Hubei Province. After getting married in Anlu, I passed Jiangxia, Xiangyang and Luoyang and went north to Taiyuan. The third is after "paying back the money". In the first year of Tianbao (742), Li Bai was called to Beijing to worship the Hanlin, and was soon destroyed by the powerful people in the DPRK. Tianbao was forced to leave Chang 'an for three years in the name of "paying back the money" and began his second big roaming in life. He traveled eastward along the Yellow River to Luoyang, where he met Du Fu, 33, who was traveling with Liang and Song, and met Gao Shi again. The three of them missed the past and went to the scene to drink. Du Fu's roaming life was before he entered Chang 'an at the age of 35. Du Fu went south to wuyue at the age of 20, returned to Luoyang at the age of 24, and was promoted to a scholar. The next year, he traveled to Qi and Zhao. At the age of 30, he returned to Luoyang, built a house for Yanshi, got married there, and traveled between Yanshi and Luoyang. At the age of 33, I met Li Bai who had just been "repaid" in Luoyang. They traveled with Liang and Song Dynasties, got to know Gao Shi, and soon went north to Qilu and climbed Mount Tai vividly. Gao Shi also went to Chang 'an around the age of 20, and returned to Liang and Song Dynasties because of frustration. He stayed in Liang and Song Dynasties for ten years, then went north to visit Zhao Yan in Jiyumen from the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730) to the 21st year of Kaiyuan, and then returned to Song Dynasty. In the third year of Tianbao, Li Bai and Du Fu traveled with Liang and Song Dynasties, and Gao Shi met them and became close friends. They often get together to drink and get on the platform. Not far away, Wan Li came to the piano platform of Shandong single father. In autumn, Gao Shi left Song Liang for Chu. It was not until the eighth year of Tianbao (749) that he was recommended as an official that he ended his wandering life. Before the age of 40, Meng Haoran traveled south to Jiang and Xiang, and north to Youzhou. He once stayed in Luoyang and traveled in Vietnam. In the 16th year of Kaiyuan (728), he entered Chang 'an and made great contributions to the poetry circle. Then he went south to wuyue to show his attachment to the mountains and rivers. Wang Changling once traveled north to the border with Dragon. Cui Hao, Li Qi and Zuyong all had the experience of going north to Yanhelong and south to Jingchu and wuyue before they became officials. Wang Zhihuan, who was falsely accused of undressing, also lived a life of traveling all over the country and making friends with famous officials.
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? Roaming poets in the Tang Dynasty created a large number of poems about landscapes, frontier fortress poems, poems about immortals, poems about friends and so on, covering almost all aspects of roaming life. Many of these poems have become famous works through the ages, which have made great contributions to establishing the position of Tang poetry in the history of China literature. However, in the process of creating poems with different themes, roaming poets also promoted the formation of emotional style of Tang poetry. Poetry before the Tang Dynasty developed into the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and basically had the style of poetry of that era. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, southern poetry was more important than elegance, while northern poetry was more important than temperament [1]. During the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, especially after the further development of Zhenguan poetry in the early Tang Dynasty, the poetic styles of the north and the south tended to merge, and in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, poetry was fresh and beautiful from southern literature to northern literature.
? The maturity of this style of Tang poetry is inseparable from the contribution of roaming poets in Tang Dynasty.
? Roaming poets have a great influence on the style of Tang poetry, which is closely related to their temperament. Poets' roaming largely stems from their extraordinary personality and temperament. Li Bai is free and easy, proud and independent, Du Fu is strong and brave, lofty and conceited, wild and uninhibited, Wang Changling is generous and likes chivalrous, Meng Haoran is aloof and noble, enjoying himself, Wang Zhihuan is generous and generous, and Cui Hao has the habit of chivalrous. It is the poet's arrogant and confident personality and temperament that make them aim high. In order to achieve their fame, enjoy the mountains and rivers, and seek immortality and worship Taoism, they chose to wander. Poets who pursue fame seek opportunities to join the WTO by roaming when their ambitions are not realized, and vent their resentment by roaming when they are relegated.
? Poets' innate character and temperament are constantly shaped in their roaming life, which enables them to write lofty poems with awe-inspiring spirit. When Li Bai left his hometown of Donglu to roam again, he pinned his grief and indignation on the unsuccessful pursuit of success when he first entered Chang 'an, which means that the world is difficult and difficult, and it is as difficult as climbing the Shu Road to join the WTO, sighing, "Alas, how can I grovel to those dignitaries who never suffer" ("Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream"). He expressed that "since God has given talents, let them find jobs!" In "Into the Wine", I also wrote the surging passion to drown my sorrows by drinking, such as the heroic momentum and strength of running. Gao Shi's bold and unconstrained poetic style is also "just in line with his character." Ge Yanxing, written by him after his first trip to the North in the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), best reflects his personality and temperament. The poem is full of heroic and vigorous strength, and the whole work is filled with the bold breath of a man, and the poem also criticizes the generals. When Du Fu first came to Shandong (in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan), he wrote "Looking at Yue". His subjective consciousness is integrated with the tall image of Mount Tai, which shows Du Fu's great ambition and broad mind of the universe.
? Based on their own temperament and personality, other wandering poets show extraordinary bearing and ambition in their poems, forming a poetic style with awe-inspiring style. Wang Changling has the majestic spirit of "making the Dragon City fly without teaching Huma to spend the cloudy mountains" (the first part of Two Embankments), Wang Zhihuan also has "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, and the lonely city mountain" (the first part of Two Poems of Liangzhou), and Cui Hao has the heroic interest of "Yellow Crane never returns to the soil, and the white clouds will never fly without him" (The Yellow Crane Tower). Of course, apart from the poet's own personality and temperament in roaming, the mutual influence of personality and temperament among poets in roaming also plays a role in the formation of Tang poetry style. Du Fu admired Gao Shi's personality temperament and was interested in his vital poems, which influenced his later creation. Later "car shop" is similar to Gao Shi's "Ge Yanxing" [3
? Wandering poets promoted the maturity of Tang poetry, but also created a bright side of Tang poetry. The style of Tang poetry is reflected in its majestic, magnificent, romantic, tragic and generous style, while the cheerful and bright Tang poetry is mainly reflected in its natural and bright charm and fresh and beautiful images. Roaming poets' exploration of the bright style of Tang poetry is mainly reflected in their sincere love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and their elegant and leisurely happy mood.
? Li Bai is a master of this poetic style. Li Bai's temperament is not only wild and uninhibited, but also hearty and free and adaptive. It is his hearty and flexible, which makes him create a large number of poems with fresh and elegant charm. Li Bai's works of this kind mainly exist in his landscape poems, fairy poems and nostalgic poems. In his landscape poems, he wrote down all the natural things he saw in his roaming life, as long as they were pleasing to the eye, beautiful, hearty, fresh and bright, and gave them special aesthetic feelings and a moment's understanding of life. His poem "Emei Mountain Moon Song" said: "The autumn colors of Emei Mountain in half a month reflect the Pingqiang River. In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges. I missed you and didn't see Yuzhou. " The poem "Five Old Peaks on Mount Lushan" says: "Five Old Peaks in the southeast of Mount Lushan cut out the Jin Furong in the sky. The beauty of Jiujiang can be tied up, and I am here. " During Li Bai's roaming around famous mountains and rivers, seeking immortality and worshiping Taoism, the mysterious and ethereal epiphany of Taoism made Li Bai's feelings bohemian. He concentrated his thoughts on the illusory realm and wrote many cheerful and beautiful poems about immortals. For example, Antique (XIX) says, "Lotus Mountain in Xiyue. See stars all the way. Saussurea involucrata Old sin makes new shame. The dress is dragging a wide belt. Fly to heaven. Invited me to climb Yuntai. Gao Yiwei Shu Qing. Take it and leave. Ming Jia Hong overlooks Luoyang River. Go find Hu Bing. Bleeding and spreading weeds. The jackal is crowned. " "Looking at Jiao Shan and Sparse the Mountain" also said: "The stone wall looks loose and sparse, and now it is in the blue sky. Andrew has five rainbows and regards the sky as a long bridge. If the fairy loves me, raise your hand and make a gesture. " In his memorial poems, the will he expressed was also clearly written by him, which expressed the poet's profound philosophical thinking with vivid artistic conception.
? Wandering poets such as Meng Haoran, Cui Hao and Li Qi also made great contributions to the poetic style of Tang poetry. The poems written by Meng Haoran when he roamed the water town of wuyue showed the blend of his light feelings and mountains and rivers, and embodied the simple and endless poetic style of Ming Xiu in Qingyuan. A night's berth on Jiande River makes one's lonely feelings wild, and the river is clear and the moon is near, while boating in the west makes one's light feelings flourish and writes pure and elegant feelings. When Cui Hao and Zuyong roamed the south, they all had poems full of southern amorous feelings. Cui Hao's Four Long song (the first part) is lively and elegant, and there are many refreshing features in the narrative. Zuyong's "South of the Jiangnan" also contains a clear and bright Jiangnan sentiment in homesickness.
? In a word, roaming poets have a great influence on the poetic style of Tang poetry, and their roaming from north to south has had many influences on their poetic creation. Many poems with distinctive style and poetic style created by them in their roaming life not only influenced their own creation outside their roaming life, but also influenced the creation of many poets in the Tang Dynasty. They not only contributed to the formation of this poetic style, but also put it into practice with most poets in the Tang Dynasty.