In the medical army for the prevention and treatment of leprosy, there is a heroine who has been at the forefront of the team. She is Professor Li Huanying, a 92-year-old leprosy expert.
At the beginning of 1983, Li Huanying came to the leprosy village with the best Spring Festival gift-a specific medicine for treating leprosy.
First memory
Everyone knows the terrible degree of leprosy. Here is a true story.
Dao Jianxin, former deputy secretary of Mengla County Party Committee, was deeply loved by the people. He was very famous in Xishuangbanna in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but one day in 1950, he mysteriously left politics and disappeared into the county party Committee compound, which attracted much attention. Before long, the answer was revealed: Deputy Secretary Dao got leprosy!
Leprosy, in people's eyes, is more terrible than death and more ferocious than the devil. There is no choice but to build a new one. In order to prevent the terrible disease from spreading to others, he chose to leave his job and divorce his wife, and then lived in a remote and desolate leprosy village-a village where leprosy patients and their families crossed the river to open up wasteland and isolated themselves at the foot of the virgin forest.
Before leaving his post, Dao Jianxin did not forget to pay party dues. He knew in his heart that this was probably the last time he paid his debts, only to find that his extremely pious hand was never answered. It suddenly dawned on him that he was possessed by the "devil" now. Although all his colleagues sympathized with him, they had to take precautions.
Dao Jianxin stayed in leprosy village for more than 30 years. Until the beginning of 1983, Li Huanying came to the leprosy village with the best Spring Festival gift-the specific drug for treating leprosy (combined chemotherapy). In just two years, all leprosy patients in Daojian New Village and Quanzhai Village were cured. 1990 On the day of the Water-Splashing Festival, Lepa Village was renamed "Man Nanxing" by the state committee after taking off its hat, and Dao Jianxin was appointed as the first village head. When Ganlu wakes up, the Dai language means "new life".
This year, with the continuous promotion of Li Huanying's experience in leprosy prevention and control, the cause of leprosy prevention and control in China has finally opened a historic new chapter. In this way, Li Huanying left the first memory for the medical community in China!
Li Huanying 192 1 was born in Beijing, and 1945 graduated with honors from Tongji University Medical College. A year later, he went abroad to study at Hopkins University, a famous American university. 1950 the world health organization was established, and she was recommended as the first official of the world health organization. Because of her excellent work, WHO proposed to renew her contract for five years in 1958.
However, at this time, Li Huanying resolutely chose to return to China: "My motherland is still poor and everything needs to be done. The medical cause is in urgent need of development. As her child, I should do my part ... "
"Even if leprosy is worse than the devil, I will fight it to the end!" Li Huanying used to be a technical expert on yaws in the United Nations Health Organization, and has rich experience in disease prevention and treatment in rural areas of Myanmar, Indonesia and other countries. However, the study of leprosy is undoubtedly a brand-new subject.
During the short period of half a year in the leprosy village near the Yangtze River in northern Jiangsu, Li Huanying consulted the latest international magazines and important documents about leprosy, and also found the problems existing in leprosy control at that time. Obviously, the history of leprosy is an evil history that destroys mankind!
Long before the Great Pyramid was built in Egypt, leprosy, an extremely ancient disease, began to harm human beings. In medieval Europe, patients not only wore bells, but also hid in deserted valleys. In China, the history of leprosy can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty. Until the 20th century, the tragedy of persecution and slaughter of leprosy patients by the authorities was still heard from time to time. At the beginning of the 20th century, it is said that a warlord in Guangzhou summoned more than 300 lepers, saying that he invited them to dinner, and then shot them in Baiyun Mountain.
Our human civilization is only 5000 years old, but leprosy has followed us for more than 3000 years! In the struggle against leprosy for thousands of years, almost all of them are records of failure!
"The history of leprosy is over! Maybe he is an important member of the medical team that rings the death knell for him! " Hidden in meditation, Li Huanying's mood is heavy, but it also raises his determination and heroism in making history.
Many friends and colleagues don't understand Li Huanying's choice, because with her qualifications, it is easy to get a good research project, and it is impossible to accept leprosy even if she takes a step back. ...
Yes, leprosy has been regarded as a dirty and ugly disease after syphilis for thousands of years. You are so stupid, you are a delicate girl studying abroad, and you are still obsessed with this!
In the face of many arguments, Li Huanying always smiled indifferently, but a voice in her heart grew louder and louder: "It's a bounden duty to save lives. Even if leprosy is more terrible than the devil, I will fight it to the end! "
Li Huanying learned that in the early 1980s, the World Health Organization was studying a new method to treat leprosy, which combined chemotherapy with a variety of effective new anti-leprosy drugs. The drug formula has been completed, but there is no clinical trial and no limited course of treatment. In other words, as long as there are enough test results as the basis, you can get those new drugs. It is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for the medical community that lacks medical care and medicine!
In order to win free drug support and experimental projects from the World Health Organization as soon as possible, Li Huanying, who had just been transferred to the Institute of Tropical Medicine of Beijing Friendship Hospital for reform and opening up, immediately began to look for pilot projects in several provinces in western China, and initially chose Xishuangbanna as the treatment site under the recommendation of the Yunnan Provincial Health Department. She is going to tentatively observe the curative effect first, and then expand the pilot to Yunguichuan, where leprosy is more in the country, after getting the first-hand information, so she must be absolutely sure.
"The suffering experienced by Professor Li is unbearable for young people. Many times I wonder if Professor Li is mortal. " On the map of Li Huanying, there are three small flags. The places marked by these three flags are the three leprosy control pilot sites finally determined in Li Huanying. They are all in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, and are the three leprosy villages with the most serious epidemic situation. This year, Li Huanying was 58 years old.
It takes a few days to get there from Beijing, and then it takes six or seven hours by car. In fact, most of these so-called mountain roads are narrow paths walked by cattle and horses, and only one person can walk. Some sections have mountains on one side and cliffs on the other.
It can be said that even young people, taking a trip from Beijing to Leprosy Village, will be too tired to get up for several days, but Li Huanying, who is nearly sixty years old, just survived. She has never suffered, and she never feels bitter. Her point of view is: "Work is struggle. How can you succeed without difficulties? " When you are bent on moving forward, you can't complain even if there is pain. "This is also the place where the reporter deeply felt when interviewing Professor Li Huanying.
In Mengla, Li Huanying, a "landlubber" who grew up in the north is not afraid of water. He has to cross the river when he goes to leprosy village, and he can only take a canoe most of the time. This primitive river crossing tool is unstable, swaying from side to side, and is in danger of overturning at any time. After the boat capsized, she smiled and said, "I'm too fat to sink." Li Huanying also drives instead of walking. Because of the high mountains and dangerous roads, she experienced the threat of two car accidents. The most serious thing is to roll over in the snow. The car rolled into a ditch more than ten meters deep and stopped. She was thrown far away and lay unconscious in a pool of blood.
In several car accidents, Li Huanying broke three ribs, bilateral clavicle fractures, head injuries, seven stitches, and was scarred all over. Liu Jian, who also works in the Institute of Tropical Diseases of Friendship Hospital, told reporters that the hardships and hardships experienced by Professor Li are unbearable for young people. Many times I have doubted whether Professor Li is mortal!
Li Huanying must be a mortal with sensitive pain nerves. It's not that she hasn't suffered in her heart, but she always feels that since she has chosen this road, she must make up her mind to go on; "It's no use complaining. Soldiers know that bullets are powerful. Don't you still charge on the battlefield? "
It is with this mentality and spirit that Li Huanying has been at the forefront of the medical team for the prevention and treatment of leprosy.
It's been more than ten years (1980- 1995) from choosing a site in Mengla county to studying abroad, choosing a new treatment scheme and applying it on the spot, and then following up the patients every year and affirming the curative effect until the cure and monitoring are completed.
When doctors and patients join hands, they will have the confidence to fight the disease.
Zero distance from the patient
During the Cultural Revolution, Li Huanying was sent to the leprosy village in northern Jiangsu, and he fully realized the extreme terror of leprosy. When I participate in treatment, I always close myself up like an anti-chemical soldier, leaving only two eyes in the exposed part; When distributing medicine, many doctors use wooden sticks to deliver it. Doctors become funny "fishermen" and patients become "fish".
The same is true of leprosy villages in northern Jiangsu, but Li Huanying did exactly the opposite. Here, Li Huanying met Dao Jianxin. Not only did she hold the hand of Dao Jianxin's missing finger tightly, but she also gave him a strong hug. The doctors and local officials present were stunned! Everyone present was shocked! Before long, the whole leprosy village was boiling: "God, the female Moya (doctor) from Beijing is not afraid of leprosy!" " "
Li Huanying solemnly told everyone: "Humans are the main host and source of infection of leprosy. Untreated leprosy patients (mainly multi-bacterial patients) may have leprosy bacteria in their skin and mucous membrane lesions, which can spread through respiratory tract and skin, but this does not mean that it is an infectious disease that is explosive. In the case of equal contact with infectious leprosy patients, only a few people get sick, and most people have natural immunity, so they will not get leprosy! Moreover, the new treatment scheme is extremely effective, even for patients with multiple bacteria, the infectivity is basically eliminated within one week after receiving combined chemotherapy. Therefore, early detection is the best way to prevent transmission and prevent disability. "
Li Huanying said that as long as doctors and patients join hands, they are confident to overcome the disease. In the history of leprosy control in New China, as a medical expert, Li Huanying was the first person who dared to get in touch with leprosy patients at zero distance!
When patrolling the village, Li Huanying summed up a trick for early detection of leprosy: let primary school students go home every day to check their parents' hands and feet to see if there are any light spots or bumps on them; If there is any abnormality, report it to the teacher immediately, and the teacher will inform the leprosy prevention and control personnel in the village, record the confirmed illness, track it, and make a diagnosis and treatment. Although the idea is small, it is practical and effective.
Shortly after coming to leprosy village, Li Huanying first put forward and implemented the model of "combining vertical prevention and control with three-level prevention and control network at the grass-roots level", which played a very important role in curbing the development of leprosy. After that, Li Huanying also adopted a new treatment scheme, which not only produced a good treatment effect, but also shortened the treatment cycle.
Later, in 1985, Li Huanying's short-term combined chemotherapy method was extended to seven states with high incidence of leprosy in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, and achieved remarkable results nationwide. More than 1 10,000 leprosy patients were cured. After 10 years monitoring, the recurrence rate is only 0.03%, which is far lower than the standard of 1% stipulated by the World Health Organization. This great success quickly attracted the attention of the World Health Organization. After investigation and demonstration in 10 monitoring period, it was popularized all over the world in 1994.