Thinking about home
Ba Jin is an outstanding realistic writer in the history of modern literature in China. Formerly known as Li Yaotang, the word Fugan. 1904 was born in a local feudal bureaucratic family in Chengdu, Sichuan.
Home, written from April 193 1 year to April 1932, is an excellent novel written by Ba Jinji according to his first life experience in 19 year. As Ba Jin said, "Home is a realistic novel. The characters in the book are all I have loved or hated, and the scenes in the book are all I have seen or experienced myself. "
The novel "Home" truly describes the history of the decline and collapse of the Gaos, a very representative feudal family. The gaos thought in his works is the epitome of China's feudal society and family system. On the surface, the Gaos thought is that "the whole family is educated and polite, and everything goes smoothly", and the family is respectful and orderly, with strict manners and laws; But in fact, this big family is full of fierce intrigue and intrigue. In order to compete for property, Mrs. Chen, Kean, etc. In the name of maintaining family honor and grandpa Gao, he did everything he could. First they made a "ghost" to scare the old man to death, and then they made a "blood avoidance" to kill Jui-chueh. They clearly knew that the scuffle between warlords led to the destruction of the shopping mall, but they forced Chueh-hsin to compensate for the loss of the stock. They broke up before the old man's bones were cold. In addition, this extravagant parasitic life of feudal families has also created a generation of "black sheep" who only spend money all day and live a luxurious and dissolute life, which is particularly prominent in the "Ke" generation of Gaos. For example, Mr. Gao's favorite fifth son is not only proficient in whoring, gambling, smoking opium and playing, but also defrauds his wife to sell gold and silver jewelry, and keeps prostitutes in private houses for fun.
The work also shows the struggle between a generation of awakened young people represented by Chueh-hui and this evil family. Influenced by the May 4th anti-feudal tide, these young people actively participated in the student movement, publicized revolutionary ideas to the society, and fought bravely against feudal forces and feudal ethics within their families. Finally, they really sounded the death knell of this big feudal family.
Home is a masterpiece of realism with profound thoughts. Through the fierce struggle between the younger generation represented by Chueh-hui and the feudal decadent forces represented by Mr. Gao, the work reflects the social outlook at that time, profoundly exposes the corruption and darkness of feudal society and family system, accuses and exposes the evil and cannibalism of big families and old ethics, and reveals its inevitable historical destiny. At the same time, the work also praised the awakening and struggle of young intellectuals with great enthusiasm, and their break with the evil feudal family.
That dark era is gone forever. Home is criticizing that era and showing the loveliness of youth, right! How lovely youth is, we are in a beautiful youth, we are full of passion and our hearts are full of love!
As long as you have a dream in your heart, you can hold back how much pain you have.
As long as there is love in my heart, it is close to happiness, not far from happiness!
Reflections on Gone with the Wind
This book Gone with the Wind is Liu Keyu's Gone with the Wind. Looking at that thick stack of 1000 pages, I was scared. At that time, I stared at her What's wrong with such a thick book as Gone with the Wind and Gone with the Wind? How can I have the confidence and patience to finish it? So this book Gone with the Wind was put on the bed by me, and I just slept with me every day. Until recently, I was ill at home and read all the magazines, so there were no books to read. I suddenly remembered the book Gone with the Wind, and I left it in the cold, so I just turned over a few pages. I didn't expect this page to be turned over until it took me three days to read it in one breath.
Gone with the Wind has many themes, such as the fate of gone with the wind and the drifting southern American culture. The hero's thoughts and feelings were deeply influenced by the American Civil War. War has changed women. They defended their land in the war and smoke. They are brave, strong and unyielding, because "tomorrow is another day".
If I feel depressed after reading Living, I feel more angry and sad after reading Gone with the Wind.
Angry at the meanness, cruelty and even insidiousness of the heroine Scarlett. The heroines I have seen in the past are either gentle and virtuous, generous and tolerant, pure and kind, faithful, or have gone through hardships but finally found true love. No, shortly after the novel began, Scarlett seduced Melanie's brother in revenge for Ashley's engagement party with Melanie. Soon they got married and gave birth to a son. Seeing this, I was very angry. I thought the pure image of the heroine would disappear. Her pride, greed and vanity are all shown in the following plot. She is eager for love, regardless of all worldly ideas, and bravely pursues her own love. However, when feelings conflict with real interests, she resolutely puts economic needs first. After Tao Le was arrested for cheating Rhett 300 yuan on rent, he tried to seduce even Frye, a shriveled old man of her sister's fiance, just because the shriveled old man had a small lumber mill that could provide her with 300 yuan.
I dare not comment on the good and evil in life, because after all, I have taken less than one-third of the life path. I am in my twenties, and my ideas may be naive. To be fair, I feel a little sorry for Scarlett. Maybe all the "selfish interests" in her "unscrupulous" style are temporary measures that she has to do, all for survival. But it is also true to calm down and think about it. In the turbulent era when Scarlett lived, a weak woman could not support a family, and a group of friends could not keep Tao Le left by her father. With every ounce of money earned, Scarlett used all kinds of "cruel means" to get a new life for herself and her friends' families.
On the other hand, Scarlett is also very kind and considerate to Melanie. Maybe out of love for Ashley, I love my house and my dog, but in the end it's not at all. It is a miracle that these two women with completely different personalities have reached a lifelong friendship.
Although Gone with the Wind is only a novel, I have a deeper understanding of the American Civil War by reading Gone with the Wind. From a historical point of view, the victory of the North over the South is a historical progress and a necessity of social development. But after reading Gone with the Wind, we can see that from the moral judgment, slavery in the south also has warmth and friendship, and the war waged by the north against the south is also an aggression to some extent, which destroys the order and relations in the south and intensifies the racial conflict between whites and blacks to some extent.
After reading the whole book, I also picked out two of my favorite sentences:
"Beauty can't make people noble, and clothes can't make people noble." -warning vain people.
"I have never been that kind of person. I can't patiently pick up some pieces, stick them together, and then say to myself that this repaired thing is as good as new. If something is broken, it will be broken-I would rather remember its best side than fix it and look at those broken places all my life. "
Skimming over and over again, I can't understand the true meaning. Perhaps, if you read it a few times more, you will gain more.
Camel Xiangzi's thoughts after reading
This novel takes the life of Beijing citizens in the late 1920s as the background, and takes the bumpy and tragic life experience of rickshaw driver Xiangzi as the main plot, which profoundly exposes the darkness of old China and accuses the ruling class of its deep sympathy for the working people.
It shows a true picture of old China, full of life, with distinctive national style and local characteristics. Xiangzi, who was competitive, wanted to be a "free foreign driver" and married Tigress, the daughter of Si Liu. Tigress died in childbirth soon. Joy, the daughter of Er Qiangzi, the driver, has feelings for Xiangzi, but because she is poor, she can't combine. When Xiangzi, who was full of hope for the future, came to see Xi 'er, Xi 'er was dead. The competitive Xiangzi was finally swallowed up by a cannibal society.
I seem to see the overpass, the Drum Tower and the White Pagoda, which are archways, streets, car factories, painting academies and bustling crowds. This is old Beijing decades ago, but there is no idyllic happiness here, but Xiangzi's big feet keep running across the streets and alleys. Under the scorching sun, there are his difficult figures everywhere in the rain and snow. The whip of soldiers and bandits, Mr. Yang's exploitation, his scolding, the robbery of Detective Sun, and the indifference of foreign doctors, this is a real hell! Finally, Tigress died tragically, Joy hanged herself, the old horse's head fell to death in the street, and Xiangzi finally fell down and disappeared into a city gate hole ... This was the life of the working people at the bottom of Beijing in the 1920s. This vivid description made me realize the insurmountable tragic fate of rickshaw pullers, and let me deeply understand what it was like.
Xiangzi's tragedy is the product of his social life environment. By describing the characters and interpersonal relationships around Xiangzi, the novel truly shows the life of that dark society, the ugly faces of warlords, spies and car factory owners, and the distorted reflection of the oppression and oppressed relationship of Xiangzi by their ruling network.
Camel Xiangzi's thoughts after reading II
This is a sad story, telling a living scene of the old city of Beiping. Xiangzi, such a kind, honest and burly young man as a camel, suffered setbacks again and again in his unfortunate fate and finally fell into despair.
This is a tragic technique used by Lao She, a great writer, which injects pessimism into the tragic plot and makes our readers almost desperate. The author is shouting for the people at the bottom of society with his touching words (rather than shouting, it is better to moan). From this I can't help thinking of the author himself-Lao She. It seems that he is also a pessimist. Most of his works are tragedies and heartbreaking, because in the end, sadness did not leave a glimmer of light for life. The only beauty can only be found in the past memories, and the only hope in reality was killed by him without hesitation. His "cruelty" can be subtly transformed into social cruelty in his novels, so that readers can clearly understand the darkness of society.
The poor people described in Camel Xiangzi are a group of slaves who were exploited for nothing. They also tried to climb at the bottom of the pyramid, but their efforts were wasted again and again because of unfortunate fate and decadent system. There is no way and no hope. Their hearts die slowly, and their bodies rot in decadent morality.
Xiangzi is a typical working people. He came to Peiping alone, without friends, but he was strong and strong, relying on his strong body, pulling a cart to earn money and buying a car. But he bought a car several times and lost it several times. He was either robbed or blackmailed and forced to sell it for a living. Xiangzi has great strength, but he is bullied everywhere. Others are not fighting with him, but oppressing him with guns, money, power and tragic fate. He suffered physically and mentally, but no one came to comfort him. His wife Tigress married Xiangzi in a planned way. Although she brought him some property, she was lazy and prevented Xiangzi from making money, so that Xiangzi's life was even worse than before he got married. Although he is his wife, he doesn't know how to get along, which makes Xiangzi unhappy at all. Soon, Tigress died in childbirth. Joy, the neighbor's daughter, was willing to marry Xiangzi. Xiangzi had no money, so she made an appointment to wait until Xiangzi earned enough money to marry her. So Xiangzi went out to pull a cart. By this time, he had suffered a lot, and all other hopes were dashed, but he still had a ray of hope-joy. He knows that Joy is a woman who is really kind to him and can live a good life together. Now he is pulling a rickshaw, relying on this glimmer of hope. If this dream can come true, then this novel will be a comedy. However, when Xiangzi finally returned to Joy's house, the room was empty, and Joy's father sold her to a brothel because of her poor life. However, Xiangzi was willing to marry her even if she became a prostitute. However, this day does not meet people's wishes, and the author does not meet the readers' wishes. When Xiangzi came, Joy could not stand the life of a prostitute and had hanged herself. Xiangzi's heart was broken and his heart died, because all hopes were dashed. Xiangzi also wasted his youth in these years of torture, so he didn't make progress and gradually became a ruthless street thug.
The whole novel is vivid in language and vigorous in writing, and depicts the characters with distinct personalities. It is the masterpiece of Mr. Lao She. The sadness in the novel is thought-provoking, and the story is bizarre and touching. Therefore, it is a household name, translated into various languages, spread in many countries, and has a very important influence in the world literary world. What is said in this novel is indeed decades away from us now, and there must be artistic processing, but literature always comes from life, and it is a song in the lives of thousands of people in Qian Qian, Qian Qian. Through it, we can at least know that the society is so dark and the hope is so slim, because it happened in China not long ago, after all, in this age when the rooster is dying.
"There is a garden behind the three pools and the moon. Although it is small, you can climb the flower bed to fold the wintersweet, and look for cicadas on the ground or on the osmanthus tree. The best job is to catch flies and feed ants. There was no sound in silence. However, the students went to the garden for too long and too much, but it didn't work. Mr. Wang shouted in the study:' Where did everyone go? ! '……"
Read Lu Xun's "cordate telosma"? From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "Three Ponds on the Moon", I appreciate the innocent feelings revealed from time to time between the lines, and I can't help but look at the charming natural picture scroll.
"Oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here. Turning over broken bricks, sometimes I meet centipedes; And Mylabris, if you hold its spine with your fingers, it will clap your hands and spit out a puff of smoke from behind your eyes ... "
I read Lu Xun's essays full of childhood memories, just as I read Lu Xun's childlike interest in loving nature and yearning for freedom. Suddenly, I seemed to see Lu Xun when I was a child. While adults were not looking, I got into the Herb Garden. He was accompanied by insects, picking wild flowers and fruits, and then catching birds with his playmates, but because of his impatience, he never caught much. He often listens to stories told by his nanny's mother, so he is afraid of the red snake in the herb garden. In "Three Tans on the Moon", despite the strict instruction of teacher You Shou, he still can't stand the childishness in the students' hearts. When he was absorbed in reading, he didn't find that his students were doing all kinds of things, some were covering their nails with paper nails with high-quality scripts, while Lu Xun was absorbed in painting. ...
All my feelings are so childish and unforgettable, which may have aroused my inner feelings. I really don't know why I like one of the articles in Morning Flowers and Evening Picks, especially when the author looks at the world from a child's perspective, which makes people feel kind and full of passion.
Mr. Lu Xun showed his passion for nature and yearning for freedom in his articles. He wants to play freely and get in touch with nature. He doesn't want to be controlled by his parents and slaves all day. This is exactly what children have. Once upon a time, I left my childhood and entered a teenager. I am scratching my life every day in this busy study. But I thought I was still a naive child. Sometimes I have sweet childhood dreams. When I recall those childhood trifles, they are still vivid in my mind, and I can't help laughing. My home used to be in the suburbs, and there was a large field nearby. When I was a child, I always went there to enjoy the sunshine in spring, the breeze in autumn, and the rape flowers I always picked. I am immersed in the embrace of nature. When I was a child, I went to my neighbor's house every day after dinner without wiping my mouth. Go to eat tofu with friends and play in the fields together. From time to time, I fell into the mud pit and became a "little clay figurine". I picked all kinds of flowers, but I was afraid that my master would find them, so I hid them in a tree hole. After a while, the flowers will fade, but I am still intoxicated in the unrestrained free space. Now, I made it in the field. Therefore, I can't feel the kindness of nature and lack a lot of freedom, but I still indulge in unrestrained free space. Now because of the building built in the wild, my friends and I are working hard for our future, so I can't feel the kindness of nature and lack a lot of freedom, but I still love nature and yearn for freedom, no matter whether it can be realized now. This may be the similarity between me and young Lu Xun. After reading the article, I have been very moved. My childhood has drifted away, leaving only a few scattered memories. It is better to read "Flowers in the Morning" carefully, experience the childhood dreams of that different era, and love nature and yearn for freedom with Lu Xun.
Feeling after Reading-Pride and Prejudice
Austin's Pride and Prejudice is a romantic and realistic love story. As she said, it was carved on two inches of ivory, which was Austin's masterpiece. This novel reflecting the marriage problem is the most popular and her favorite among the author's works. The works vividly reflect the life and social conditions of British towns and villages in a conservative and closed state from the end of18th century to the beginning of19th century. Without romance, love loses its beautiful color. However, in the novel, all kinds of considerations about marriage and wealth are full of words.
Elizabeth is very uneasy about the influence of her family behavior, so Darcy suggests that Mr. Bingley leave Jane. Later, after a contest between reason and emotion, she confided her heart to Elizabeth in a very contradictory way. So what is love? That kind of pure love, desperate love, pure love as white as snow, is it really like a mirror, or is it just a beautiful fantasy and pursuit in people's hearts? In real life, people always look for the best balance between the two.
Elizabeth is smart, resourceful, brave, far-sighted, self-respecting and good at thinking. For a young lady who was going to get married at that time, this was commendable. It is precisely because of this quality that she has an opinion on love and has a happy family with Darcy. Now that Elizabeth knows Wickham's true face, she is full of affection for him. Her period says that such a young man will not be happy because he has no property and no stable income. Elizabeth accepted this view and actively restrained her feelings. This did not discredit Elizabeth, but showed us a real and rational Elizabeth, a smart and rational girl.
Darcy inherited his ancestral business and lived a carefree life, which was highly respected in the upper class. In that position, all the virtues are not exaggerated. He is generous and helpful. These things are very helpless and enrich his image, but there is no comment on him.
From this love story that happened in England, how many joys and sorrows the hero and heroine experienced, and finally eliminated the previous misunderstanding, and came together and lived a happy life. What can we see? -Humanity, dignity and love ...
In the pursuit of love, we must strengthen our faith, don't make hasty decisions because of money, fame or other reasons, and insist on finding true love. If the other person's shortcomings are unbearable and unchangeable, he must resolutely choose to give up; Of course, we should also cherish each other and don't change our decision because of some words from others. Happiness should be managed by ourselves.
Don't know how to cherish after losing, but go forward bravely for happiness.
Reflections on Wolf Totem
Wolf Totem shows us the once beautiful Mongolian prairie and the hard, rich and novel life of prairie people and coyotes. The author's life as an educated youth for more than ten years makes these stories read vividly.
Aside from some controversial views, just talk about some things I learned from wolves:
1. Know your surroundings.
Only when you are as familiar with grassland and grassland sounds as a wolf can you use various tactics to catch prey and avoid enemy attacks. Wolves can use the snow nest to round up the antelope, use the white-haired wind to destroy the army horse, and use the terrain to choose the safest cave for their cubs, all based on their extreme familiarity with the grassland environment.
And to do things, we must first calm down and get familiar with the surrounding environment. Only "know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle." If you are not familiar with the working environment, then even if you are more capable, you can only "swim in the shallows to catch shrimps".
Step 2 pay attention to strategy
The attraction of Wolf Totem is that it shows us the colorful ways that hyenas kill their enemies. At the beginning, it was a big battle for coyotes to round up antelopes, which was magnificent, horizontal and vertical, combined with dynamic and static, in one go. The real fighting time is only ten minutes, but before the battle, the wolves' patient ambush, exquisite encirclement and careful observation create a depressed, nervous and excited atmosphere of "the storm is coming"; The lightning speed of the battle, the release of the fighting antelope and the rest of the wisdom, and the wolf's rather despicable but extremely practical trick of catching the antelope, let us marvel and marvel. However, in this movement, the outstanding wisdom, patience, organization and discipline of coyotes have been vividly displayed.
Man is not a wolf, and the wolf's strategy is tempered in hard struggle, but we can learn a lot from wolves, but when learning hyenas, we should not stick to specific tactics, but exercise our ability to think diligently and be good at using strategies.
Take the initiative to observe and study, think positively, adopt different ways in the face of different situations, and temper yourself in actual combat.
3. Crisis awareness
The skills and wisdom of wolves are not always there, but they are also tempered in thousands of years of hard grassland life. The unpredictable grassland climate, harsh grassland environment, the escape instinct of various animals and the great threat from people make wolves always live in danger, always starved to death, frozen to death and killed.
Modern society is a competitive society, as long as you have the slightest relaxation, you may be eliminated by society, which is very similar to the prairie where wolves live, fair and cruel. Therefore, we should have the sense of crisis of the wolf and strictly demand ourselves to put pressure on ourselves from time to time. As Zhang Ruimin said, we are "treading on thin ice, with trepidation". As the saying goes, it is often unfavorable circumstances that can stimulate a person's potential. It is precisely this truth that "the last fight" and "cross the rubicon".
4. Courage and blood
When the wolf runs away, it can even bite off the injured leg. Scraping bones to cure poison is to cure injuries, while wolves hurt themselves. It is quite heroic for a strong man to break his wrist. When a wolf attacks a group of horses, it can even choose the most suicidal way. When moving, the little wolf would rather die than surrender, which makes people feel that it is easier to train a tiger than a little wolf. Wolves are born with blood and pride, which helps them survive in the harsh grassland environment. There used to be tigers and other animals on the grassland, which is why only wolves exist alone!
Society is like a battlefield, full of crises. If you don't have the courage to deal with difficulties, you can hardly survive. With courage, you must be as bloody as a wolf and take the initiative to meet the challenge. Only in the struggle of constantly facing and overcoming difficulties can people progress and grow.
5. Spirit of cooperation
Read the Wolf Totem and see the predatory stories of wolves that make people's blood spurt, and you can clearly see the power of wolves. The wolves are under the unified command of the Wolf King. Advance together, retreat together, and fight together. For example, when hunting antelopes, wolves go to snow pits, harass and ambush. During the general attack, they were also organized, crazy and not chaotic. What's more, even when the wolves retreat, they are in good order. The fierce wolf charged, the wolf king was in front, and the giant wolf patrolled. There is no confusion of birds and animals at all.
Modern society is a competitive society as well as a cooperative society. The social division of labor is becoming more and more detailed, and it is impossible for one person to do the work well. Therefore, we should have a sense of teamwork like wolves, fully trust our working partners, perform their duties and help each other, so as to get the greatest benefits.
Reflections on Hamlet
Hamlet is a masterpiece of Shakespeare's tragedy. It has reached an unprecedented depth and breadth in ideological content, and profoundly revealed the evil and essential characteristics of the society at the end of feudalism.
As far as the inner expression of the characters is concerned, Hamlet is the most confusing, or the most philosophical. Among them, the father was murdered by an evil uncle, the throne was usurped, the mother married the murderer with incest, and the Crown Prince attempted revenge, pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity, etc., which can be seen in ancient Nordic legends, especially the Danish History written by Danish historians. These dusty original materials originally recorded only some rough plots and pale names, and had no character in action, but in Shakespeare's works, readers found themselves living among a group of lively people, almost related to their leisure and their fate. What is particularly incredible is that a brilliant model that has amazed the world for hundreds of years and is unfathomable has appeared. Many questions can be asked around this hero. For example, is Hamlet really crazy or fake crazy? What is the typical meaning of this character? None of these problems can be solved by the plot alone.
To fully understand and correctly evaluate the central figure in this play, we must fully take care of the complexity of the contradiction between his personality and environment, from the words "the times are misplaced, too bad, I was born to straighten out" to "to be or not to be, this is a question worth thinking about", and understand the whole psychological background of his despair and sigh. In fact, Hamlet's embarrassment lies in his delicate and sensible heart, shouldering the heavy responsibility that is not commensurate with his own behavioral ability. In Goethe's words: "This is an oak tree planted in a vase for me. It should only have delicate flowers." Hamlet, a pure, noble, moral, knowledgeable and determined person, who can only replace behavior with thoughts and cannot be a hero, is a "vase"; Then he can't afford it, there is almost no hope, but he can't shirk the heavy responsibility of revenge, that is, "oak tree."
Once the root of the "oak tree" swells, the "vase" will be crushed, which is a tragedy. In Hamlet, the fragility of human beings and the cruelty of the environment are so antagonistic and complementary that this unique figure is dense in connotation and profound in extension. Just like this, some experts claim that Hamlet is not an objective and outdated role, but each of us.
Shakespeare belongs to the whole century, not an era. His plays are like the big dipper in the bright starry sky, guiding people.
"To be or not to be, this is a question worth considering." He put forward this question, which is the basic proposition of philosophy. Because what happened to him just now caused him to think about the philosophy of life, he wouldn't think about it when everything went well in his life. At that time, he only saw the bright side of life, and life at that time was undoubtedly beautiful. Now, the sudden tragedy forces him to face up to the dark side of life and the ugly side of human nature.
It can be said that Hamlet still has a deep understanding of the dark side of life. He just turned a blind eye to all this in the past. Now the cruel reality forced him to face all this. He had a premonition that he was inevitably dragged into a tragic fate. If his father was really killed, then revenge for his father became his bounden mission in his life. His enemy is the king today, so it is not easy to kill him, but no matter how difficult it is, it is inevitable to kill his father. His current task is to come up with a clever way to verify whether his uncle killed his father. Conspiracy, conspiracy and killing are against Hamlet's kind and innocent nature, but they are also necessary for his revenge mission. Hamlet in In the Mood for Love bears a heavy mission of revenge on his back. His heart is full of hatred all day, which makes his heart dark and heavy, and he has fallen into the abyss of pain.
The "heavy concern for death" has made us all cowards, and the persistent red-hot brilliance has been cast a gray by careful thinking. Under this consideration, the great cause will also retreat against the current. Lost the meaning of action. "Hamlet's doubts about life and death also show that he hesitated in the future revenge action and missed an easy revenge opportunity. That's just because killing him may send him to heaven while praying for revenge, which is too cheap for him.
The description of this kind of psychological activity shows his philosophical thinking on the fundamental questions that life cannot answer, which can be said to be of universal significance to all mankind.
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