Vygotsky, a famous psychologist in the former Soviet Union, graduated from Moscow University. His concept of cultural and historical development has had a far-reaching impact on educational psychology for nearly half a century. His theory is used to explain the advanced psychological function of human psychology, which is essentially different from that of animals. He thinks that individual psychological development is restricted by the law of social, cultural and historical development.

Vygotsky believes that people adapt to nature in a simple way because of the use of tools, rather than in a direct way like animals. The indirect experience of human beings, that is, the experience of social and cultural knowledge, is condensed in the production of human tools. The simple conclusion is that Vygotsky believes that the law of human psychological development is no longer restricted by the law of biological evolution, but by the law of social, cultural and historical development.