The origin of real Spring Festival couplets. Spring Festival couplets are a unique literary form in China. Sticking Spring Festival couplets means that the Spring Festival is coming. Spring Festival couplets are a very important way for ordinary people to celebrate the Spring Festival. Let's learn about the real origin of Spring Festival couplets.
The real origin of the Spring Festival couplets 1 Since the Song Dynasty, the peach symbol has changed from a mahogany board to paper, and gradually it has been replaced by paper, which has evolved into our present "Spring Festival stickers" and "Spring Festival couplets".
It became popular in the Ming Dynasty, and in the Qing Dynasty, the ideological and artistic quality of Spring Festival couplets were greatly improved. Sticking Spring Festival couplets has become a custom now. Red couplets were posted on the gate, and the room suddenly lit up.
We will put up couplets on festivals. Just like during the Spring Festival, every household will post Spring Festival couplets, which symbolizes a good omen for the new year. At the same time, it is also the day to introduce the door god. There is a door god who writes couplets on red paper symbolizing happiness and auspiciousness. It means that the mission of exorcising evil spirits and avoiding disasters has gradually shifted to the door gods, expressing people's good wishes for good luck and good harvest in the coming year. So, which dynasty did our couplets come from?
According to historical records, as early as before the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was a custom of hanging peach symbols around the gate every year in China, but the couplets at that time were called "peach symbols", unlike the current couplets. Moreover, at that time, Fu Tao was a big board made of two pieces of mahogany, on which were written the legendary deities, which were used to exorcise ghosts and eliminate evil spirits, instead of writing them on red paper and sticking them on the left and right sides of the gate to express prayers and wishes.
The custom of hanging "Fu Tao" lasted for more than 1000 years, and it was not replaced until the post-Shu period of the Five Dynasties. Meng Changjun, the monarch of Shu at that time, was a monarch who liked to be unconventional. On New Year's Eve at the end of 964 A.D., he had a whim and asked a bachelor named Xin to write two sentences on the mahogany board and hang them on the door frame of his living room as peach symbols. The main idea of the first sentence of these two sentences is: enjoy the legacy of the previous generation in the new year; The second sentence is to the effect that festivals show that spring is always there. So it became the earliest couplet in China, which was continued by later generations.
Couplets are developed from the antithesis of metrical poems, and retain some characteristics of metrical poems, requiring neat antithesis, smooth coordination, and even ending. Some people also call couplets paste poems. Now, with the development of cultural exchanges between countries, couplets have been introduced to Vietnam, North Korea, Japan, Singapore and other countries. These countries also have the custom of posting couplets. I hope we can pay more and more attention to the culture passed down.
The true origin of Spring Festival couplets II. The origin and development of Spring Festival couplets.
Spring Festival couplets are the expression of China's culture and art, which are deeply loved and welcomed by the public with the content of blessing and celebration. Historically, Spring Festival couplets have gone through these stages.
Ancient productive forces were very backward, and the level of civilized science and technology was also very limited. People know little about nature. People think that some natural phenomena and natural disasters, such as birth, old age, illness and death, are all punishments from heaven or evil spirits at work, harming others and themselves. Superstition is in the sky, and immortals come to exorcise demons. For psychological and spiritual comfort and balance.
In ancient times, there were two brothers, Shen Tu and Lei Yu, who specialized in catching ghosts and feeding tigers. Every Spring Festival, people will make two, left and right in front of the door, praying for peace and eliminating disasters. Later, it was changed to a peach symbol and hung on the door to ward off evil spirits. In the Tang Dynasty, the Dragon King wanted to harm Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong. Qin and Weichi Gong stood in front of the door and drove away the Dragon King. After that, they made peaches and hung them on the door as door gods.
After the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Meng Changjun, the master of Shu, wrote the first "New Year, holidays come". Changchun. " It is the real Spring Festival couplets in China, with a history of nearly a thousand years. In the Ming Dynasty, under the promotion and advocacy of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, it was stipulated that every household should write Spring Festival couplets in red paper, and anyone who did not post them would be punished, which made Spring Festival couplets popular and prosperous in China.
Spring Festival couplets originated from the keeper of Fu Tao. They have similarities and differences. The same places are all posted on the door during the Spring Festival. The difference is that the door god exorcises evil spirits and prays for peace; Spring Festival couplets are auspicious and festive, with good wishes.
Spring Festival couplets are the treasure of Chinese language and culture of the Chinese nation and the bright pearl of Chinese language, which shines brilliantly in the cultural field.
The real origin of Spring Festival couplets III. The origin and origin of Spring Festival couplets.
Spring Festival couplets originated in Fu Tao (rectangular red boards were hung on both sides of the gate in the Zhou Dynasty). According to the Book of Rites, the peach symbol is six inches long and three inches wide, and the words "Shen Tu" and "Lei Yu" are written on the mahogany board. "On the first day of the first month, Fu Tao Jing Dakang mahogany crafts were made-Fu Tao is a household name, a veritable fairy wood, and all ghosts are afraid of it." Therefore, the Qing Dynasty's "Yanjing Shi Sui Ji" said: "Spring Festival couplets, that is, Fu Tao."
In the Five Dynasties, in the court, someone wrote couplets on peach symbols. According to Song Shi Shu Jia, Meng Changjun, the master of Houshu, ordered Zhang Xun, a bachelor, to write a poem on the mahogany board, saying, "It's not a job, so he wrote a poem on the pretence that' the New Year is coming, and the first festival is Changchun'". This is China's first Spring Festival couplets. Until the Song Dynasty, Spring Festival couplets were still called "Fu Tao". In the Song Dynasty, the peach symbol was changed from mahogany board to paper, which was called "Spring Sticker".
The folk custom of pasting Spring Festival couplets began in the Song Dynasty and prevailed in the Ming Dynasty. According to historical records, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, loved couplets. He not only writes by himself, but also often encourages his officials to write.
By the Qing Dynasty, the ideological and artistic quality of Spring Festival couplets had been greatly improved. Liang Zhangju's monograph "Lianlian Conghua" discusses the origin of Spring Festival couplets and the characteristics of various works. Spring Festival couplets had become a literary and artistic form at that time.
Extended data:
There are many kinds of Spring Festival couplets, which can be divided into door heart, frame pair, horizontal bar, spring bar and bucket weight according to the place of use. The "door core" is attached to the center of the upper end of the door panel; The "door frame pair" is attached to the left and right door frames; "Cross-dressing" is posted on the crossbar of the door; "Spring strips" are posted in corresponding places according to different contents; "Dou Jin", also known as "door leaf", is a square diamond, often attached to furniture and screen walls.
The word "fu" is now interpreted as "happiness", but in the past it meant "good luck" and "good luck". No matter now or in the past, the word "Fu" posted in the Spring Festival has pinned people's yearning for a happy life and wishes for a better future. In order to fully reflect this yearning and wish, the people simply turn the word "Fu" upside down to mean "Fu has arrived" and "Fu has arrived".
The implication and symbol of Spring Festival couplets
The moral of posting Spring Festival couplets is to ward off evil spirits and avoid disasters, welcome good luck, and symbolize good wishes and longings.
Spring Festival couplets are commonly known as "door pairs", "spring stickers", "couplets", "couplets" and "couplets". Spring Festival couplets are usually written in black letters on a red background or gold letters on a red background, with auspicious patterns, which set off the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival. In particular, some auspicious decorations in the Spring Festival couplets, such as fish, mean more than one year, expressing people's good expectations for the coming year and avoiding evil spirits and taking refuge.
The festive red Spring Festival couplets posted on the door are a kind of couplets, which should be posted during the Spring Festival, so one source of Spring Festival couplets is Taofu. At first, people carved figures out of mahogany and hung them by the door to ward off evil spirits. Later, they painted the door god on the mahogany, simplified it and wrote the door god's name on the mahogany board. Another source of Spring Festival couplets is spring stickers. The ancients posted the word "Yichun" every day in the early spring, and later gradually developed into Spring Festival couplets.
How to post Spring Festival couplets?
Sticking the bottom couplet depends on the writing order of the horizontal batch. If the horizontal batch is written from right to left, the upper couplet is posted on the right and the lower couplet is posted on the left. On the other hand, if the horizontal batch is written from left to right, the upper part should be posted on the left and the lower part should be posted on the right.
Distinguishing method of uplink and downlink:
1, the method of distinguishing flat tones and tones.
Looking at the last word of the couplet, the last word of the first couplet is three tones and four tones, that is, four tones, while the last word of the second couplet is one tone and two tones, that is, flat tones (yin and yang).
2. Progressive differentiation of meaning
Each couplet has its own specific meaning. When writing couplets, it is generally considered to be the bottom couplet with profound meaning, and the value of the top couplet is more of a guiding role. The upper and lower links are basically causal, because it is the upper link and the fruit is the lower link.
3. Distinguishing methods of time undertaking.
According to the inheritance of "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new", the past time is the first part, and the coming time is the second part. This is generally reflected in the Spring Festival couplets during the Chinese New Year, such as the old year of the zodiac and the new year.
4. Coverage differentiation method
Generally speaking, the small scope is the upper part, and the large scope is the lower part. For example, the common word "home country" means the upper part and the lower part.
Taboos for posting Spring Festival couplets
Taboo 1: Don't paste the left and right couplets wrong.
When posting Spring Festival couplets, some people often misplace the upper and lower couplets. The key to distinguish between up and down is the last word. According to the rules, the last word in the upper part must end in a light tone (three or four tones in Mandarin) and the lower part in a flat tone (one or two tones in Mandarin).
When pasting couplets, the upper couplet is pasted on the right, the lower couplet is pasted on the left, and the left and right are bounded by the gate or pilaster. The reason for posting this way is that the straight writing is from right to left, so reading couplets is also from right to left.
Taboo 2: The time to post Spring Festival couplets
There is a folk myth that Spring Festival couplets are immortals in the sky. When the Spring Festival couplets are torn, they will report to the Jade Emperor the situation of each household, hoping that the gods can bring good luck to the folk families.
It is best to stick Spring Festival couplets between 6 am and noon 12 on New Year's Eve, tearing up the old ones, which means breaking bad luck and tearing up the old ones.
Taboo 3: Singularity is auspicious.
Post Spring Festival couplets at the gate, remember to post odd numbers to symbolize good luck. Also, don't just post the word "Spring" on your doorstep, you can post blessings, make money and treasure, because in ancient times, only Yee Justin would post the word "Spring" on your doorstep.
Taboo 4: The word "Fu" can't be posted casually.
When posting Spring Festival couplets, some people still like to post the word "Fu", but not all of them have to be posted backwards.
1, the blessing on the gate must be posted.
The word "Fu" on the gate means "Welcome to Fu" and "Accept Fu". The gate is the entrance and exit of the family and a solemn place. The word "fu" posted must be solemn and generous, so it must be posted correctly.
2. The word "Fu" on the cabinet should be pasted backwards.
A cupboard is a place to store things. The word "fu" is pasted backwards, which means that the good news (and wealth) will always come to the home, the house and the cupboard.
3. Special circumstances
If there is an accident at home during the year, friends who want to transfer can post their blessings backwards.
Taboo 5: Don't post it backwards.
The janitor should pay attention to the fact that the faces of the characters on the two doors are opposite, so don't stick them upside down. The doors of the old building are two opposite doors, and the doorman sticks one on one side. Now the houses are all single doors, and two doormen can only stick on the same door. Pay attention to the beautiful and generous position when pasting.