Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - What was Wuhan like before the Yangtze River Bridge?
What was Wuhan like before the Yangtze River Bridge?
Father Teng participated in and led the construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.

Tengjiuxin

introducer

The Yangtze River, called natural barrier in ancient times, has a long history and wide water depth, and is the largest river in China. Since ancient times, no bridge has been built on the Yangtze River.

Wuhan is a combination of Hankou, Wuchang and Hanyang, where more than 2 million people live. Due to the development of socialist cause and the needs of production, work and life, people have more and more frequent exchanges between the three towns.

The vast Yangtze River, with a total length of 559 1 km, irrigates vast areas on both sides of the river basin and is used by the broad masses of the people. At the same time, it crosses the north-south traffic in China, and the Hanshui River divides the three towns of Wuhan. Goods and passengers can only be transported by ferry and timber, which is small in size, high in freight and time-consuming. In case of storm and fog, the river is closed and traffic is interrupted. And "September 9, don't cross the river!" Statement.

According to historical records, there has never been a real bridge on the 5,000-kilometer Yangtze River except that Taiping Army built three pontoons in three towns of Wuhan on 1852 and 1853.

Looking back at history, george miller, a German professor of Peking University Bridge Department during the Northern Warlords' period, led students to survey the bridge site. 1930, an American bridge expert named Walter suggested that the reactionary Kuomintang government make preparations. They sent people to drill several holes in the Yangtze River, and then it was silent. 1936, Qiantang River Bridge Engineering Office started the preparatory work again. In order to attract funds, we also came up with a method of charging for crossing the bridge and repaying the principal and interest by stages, but it still failed to stimulate the investment interest of the gentry and dignitaries, and the preparatory work fell behind. 1946 and 1947 carried out the preliminary work of the Yangtze River Bridge twice, but there was no result.

"The Yellow River water, the Yangtze River Bridge, can't be cured or repaired." This ballad sung by people on both sides of the Yangtze River appropriately expresses their helplessness. This is a bitter history of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge construction before the birth of New China. The water in the Yangtze River is wide and deep. Before the engineering technology was developed, it was really unthinkable to build a bridge.

"Listen to expert opinions with an open mind"

After the liberation of New China, under the leadership of China, our government attached great importance to the development of transportation and carried out large-scale planned operation. When reporting to Premier Zhou Enlai, Wang Shoudao, then director of the Sixth Office of the State Council, said: "In order to meet the needs of national economic development, we must engage in a comprehensive transportation system, give full play to the advantages of railways for long-distance transportation, and give full play to the advantages of roads, water transportation and air transportation for short-distance transportation." Over the years, he led the staff of six departments to travel all over the country, and at the same time paid attention to the construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, and went deep into the scene to solve various problems in time.

1950, shortly after my father took charge of the national railway work, according to the instructions of the central people's government, he began to plan the construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, and carried out preliminary exploration and investigation. 1952 set up a bridge design room and a survey and drilling team mainly composed of Mei Yangchun engineers to obtain first-hand information. The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge project is regarded as the national key project of the first five-year plan for China's national economic development, and has been strongly supported by the people of the whole country. No matter in manpower, material resources and spirit, we will not hesitate to give the necessary help to this project.

The Ministry of Geology sent a team headed by Gu Dezhen, an excellent geological engineer, to the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, which lasted for 8 months and made a thorough investigation of the geological situation in the bridge site area. The Ministry of Heavy Industry and the Ministry of Machinery Industry make great efforts to manufacture bridge fittings, continuously produce cast steel bearings and integral forging drills, and selflessly support large cranes and important construction equipment; The Ministry of Foreign Trade timely imports urgently needed parts for the project; The Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Water Resources, the China Meteorological Bureau, the Yangtze River Waterway Bureau, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission and the Central South Meteorological Bureau respectively cooperated with the bridge construction work, regardless of you and me, overcoming difficulties and giving selfless support; Party committees and governments at all levels in Hubei Province and Wuhan City fully support and cooperate to solve the land acquisition, demolition and grave relocation work; The PLA troops stationed in Han sent troops to support flood fighting in dangerous sections of the Yangtze River and participated in voluntary labor in bridge construction projects. Even the families of experts from the former Soviet Union who came to work in China actively participated in the greening work around the construction site. I don't know how many people's sweat has been spilled on the construction sites on both sides of the strait.

The site selection of the bridge has gone through many twists and turns, and eight bridge site line schemes have been made successively, and experts have conducted detailed research one by one. All the schemes have a common feature: using the hills on both sides of the Yangtze River to shorten the length of the approach bridge and embankment. 1953 February 18, Mao Zedong listened to the report of the leaders of the Central South Bureau on the survey and design of the bridge in Wuhan, and also boarded the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang with great interest and inspected the bridge site.

After the site selection scheme of the bridge was approved by the Central Financial and Economic Committee, the Ministry of Railways immediately organized forces to carry out preliminary design. Comrade Lv Zhengcao, then vice minister of the Ministry of Railways, recalled: "The Yangtze River, which was called" natural barrier "in ancient times, has no precedent in China and no ready-made experience in the world to follow. Teng visited the bridge site six times, and Shi Zhiren and I held the' Wuhan Bridge Conference' three times, inviting experts from China and the former Soviet Union to discuss the design and technology of bridge construction. " But the problem discussed at the meeting at that time was mainly the problem of bridge, nine holes or six holes? Cantilever beam or continuous beam

1In April, 953, Wuhan Bridge Bureau was established by the Ministry of Railways, serving as director and first deputy secretary of the Party Committee, and Yang and Cui Wenbing served as deputy directors. Wang Juqian is the chief engineer, Mei Yangchun, Li Fen and Zhu Shiyuan are the deputy chief engineers. When the Bridge Bureau was first built, technical backbones were badly needed. Father made up his mind to send only three first-class civil engineers from the Ministry of Railways to two (Wang Hemei).

1954 1 year1October 2 1 day, Premier Zhou Enlai of the State Council presided over the 203rd meeting of the State Council, listened to his father's report on the preparation of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, and discussed and adopted the Resolution on Building Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. Officially appointed as the director of Wuhan Bridge Engineering Bureau, and appointed Yang and Cui Wenbing as deputy directors. Wang, secretary of Wuhan Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and political commissar of Wuhan Bridge Engineering Bureau. At the same time, the meeting approved the completion deadlines for the opening of the railway 1958 and the highway 1959.

After the State Council's resolution was announced, my father led the relevant personnel of the Ministry of Railways to Wuhan to report to the Central South Bureau, and presided over the coordination meeting with the provincial party committee and municipal party committee, and discussed the major issues in the process of building the bridge again. After the meeting, my father talked to Wang, Comrade and Comrade respectively and asked them to explain some noteworthy problems in their work. Comrade Peng Min recalled: "From his (father's) earnest and meticulous work, we can see how much effort he devoted to bridge construction and gave meticulous care. ..... strict requirements, encourage kindness. Even if people feel responsible and conscientious, they dare not be lazy; I feel carefree, comfortable and dare to put down my work. "

The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge we are talking about now should be called "Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge Project". It is not just a bridge built on the Yangtze River, but an extremely complicated combination of several projects and buildings. According to the present statement, it should be called "system engineering". The whole project includes a railway and highway bridge across the Yangtze River. Hanyang Bank Approach Bridge and Wuchang Bank Approach Bridge; It also includes a 300-meter-long railway bridge across the Hanshui River, a 322-meter-long highway bridge and 10 overpass bridge with a total length of 480 meters across three towns in Wuhan. It also includes 12.9 km long railway connecting line, 4.5 km long highway connecting line and the newly-built Hanyang Railway Station. How complicated the above list is! It is these projects that are organically combined to become the hub of Wuhan and the center of a complete railway network.

After obtaining the approval of the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Railways sent a delegation to Moscow, the capital of the former Soviet Union, with all the drawings and materials for building the bridge, asking them to help with the final appraisal. Before he left, my father told Peng Min, head of the delegation, "For the sake of prudence, this document is required to be authenticated by the Soviet Union. The Yangtze River Bridge is the first major project in China, and there must be no problems. " Then, my father said, "It is also a good learning opportunity for you to go out. You must listen to expert opinions with an open mind and report to the embassy and China at any time. I have told the embassy that I want to help contact and visit some of their bridge sites, learn more and enrich myself. " Comrade Peng Min said: "This conversation is as detailed as telling a wanderer who has never been far away."

"First, we must build bridges, and second, we must learn technology."

The government of the former Soviet Union attached great importance to the appraisal of bridge design documents, and appointed 25 outstanding bridge experts to form an appraisal committee, which was chaired by Comrade Gula Fu Liang, vice minister of transportation of the former Soviet Union and then director of the General Administration of Bridge Engineering. Fifty-three questions were raised about our plan, and detailed comparisons and repeated studies were made.

1953 On August 7th, when the first meeting of the appraisal committee was held, my father was leading a delegation to attend the Socialist National Congress of the International Railway Passenger and Freight Transport Agreement held in Moscow, and he also took time out to listen to opinions and speak. Finally, we finally passed the appraisal and gave high praise and evaluation to our design documents. After returning home, my father carefully studied, revised and enriched nine opinions with the relevant leaders and experts of the Ministry of Railways, making the plan more perfect.

The Ministry of Railways submitted a report to the State Council, requesting to hire an expert group from the former Soviet Union to support China, which was quickly approved by the Prime Minister. Around July 1954, experts from the former Soviet Union led by Constanyine Sergevich Xilin arrived at the Bridge Engineering Bureau one after another to start work. Xilin is an old friend of China railway workers. As early as the war years of 1948, Xilin came to the northeast of China to help build the second Songhua River Bridge and support the People's Liberation Army to enter the customs. Peng Min, then the detachment leader of the third detachment of Ye Si Railway Corps, started the first cooperation with Xilin. In the future, we will cooperate again on the restoration project of Luohe Bridge on Longhai Line. Now Xilin is coming to China for the third time to help us build the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, which is also the third cooperation with Peng Min. When his father met Peng Min, he said to him, "Xilin is your old friend, young and promising. I believe you can cooperate well. " Peng Min said: "Please rest assured Minister Teng." "We also ask our engineers and technicians to cooperate well with experts and learn from Soviet experts with an open mind. First, we must build a bridge, and second, we must learn technology. " The father added.

Comrade Liu, who is in charge of foreign affairs of the Ministry of Railways, said: "The railway construction in China is closely related to the former Soviet Union. During the early days of the founding of New China and the first five-year plan, China Railway received various cooperation and support from the former Soviet Union. Since 1956, there have been cracks in Sino-Soviet relations, but realistically speaking, railway cooperation is still going on normally. From the founding of New China to 1959, China Railway hired 366 Soviet experts, including 354 consultants and technical assistance experts, and 12 scientific and technological cooperation experts. They have worked hard for the railway construction in China and made outstanding contributions. "

1On February 3rd, 955, the technical advisory committee of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was chaired by my father personally, and Mao Yisheng, a famous bridge expert, served as the chairman and technical advisory body of the bridge engineering. On September 1 day, with the great attention and care of the Party and the government and the strong support of the people of the whole country, the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge project started construction as a key project.

"This method was invented by a young Soviet bridge expert."

What I never expected was that the first conversation between Comrade Xilin and Peng Min was so unexpected. Xilin said straight away: "I attended the appraisal meeting in Moscow and studied the design documents. I don't think it is appropriate to use the' pneumatic caisson method' to build the bridge foundation. I have a new idea, but the appraisal Committee is full of my predecessors, and the old man is a technical authority. I'm not good at talking. " Peng Min gasped after listening to the translation. Xilin continued: "This new method has never been used in the Soviet Union, because there is no Yangtze River in the Soviet Union. Now, I hope to get your support. Let's not talk about it for the time being, just tell you. " Later, Xilin spent a few days telling Peng Min in detail about the technical principle, construction method and advantages of his "pipe string drilling method".

Having said that, it is necessary to take up space to briefly introduce these two methods.

"Pneumatic caisson method" is an old method that has been used for more than 100 years, with a complete set of theories and mature experience, equipment and operating procedures.

The foundation stone of the Eiffel Tower in France was laid in this way, and many famous bridges abroad were not built in this way. It can directly dig out the soil in the caisson and under its feet in the workshop, so that the caisson can sink, and the basement can be treated under the condition that people can directly see it. In the past 100 years, the gas supply equipment has been gradually improved. Until now, gas is supplied by blowers and equipped with a series of air filtration facilities. These are the experiences that people's lives have gained after countless failures. When unearthed, it was first excavated by manpower, then by mechanization, washed with high-pressure water, and sucked by air suction machine (or centrifugal suction machine). It is required that the caisson studio must have someone on duty in order to master the machinery and clean up the faults. However, the work of leveling the bedrock must be operated by people. The construction is very dangerous and requires skilled technology and experienced caisson workers.

Deflation and sinking means that when the caisson is excavated to a certain extent, the friction resistance of the soil is already very small, and the caisson weight is completely supported by the buoyancy of the air in the box, and the air is released, so that the caisson sinks until the friction resistance of the soil and the box weight reach a balance. Then the workers continue to dig out and suck mud, and so on until the caisson reaches the construction depth.

Workers work in deep water and are subject to changes in air pressure and water pressure. At the bottom of the Yangtze River nearly 40 meters deep, in the air of nearly 4 atmospheres, a worker can only work for 33 minutes a day, and it is easy to have nitrogen anesthesia. When workers work in high-pressure air, the internal pressure of the body changes constantly, which easily turns the high-pressure air in blood into bubbles, hinders blood circulation and leads to blood poisoning. At that time, there was no effective medical treatment for diving disease.

"Pipe pile drilling method" is an advanced pier foundation construction method proposed by experts from the former Soviet Union and jointly studied, supplemented and perfected by bridge engineers and technicians from China and the Soviet Union. Practice has proved that it can completely replace the "pneumatic caisson method".

In this method, the reinforced concrete pipe column is positioned in the river channel through the reinforcing cage, and gradually sinks through the sand layer with the help of the vibrating pile driver and high-pressure water jet until it reaches the rock plate. Then insert steel sheet piles around the enclosure to form a cofferdam, and drill holes on the pipe string to a specified depth with a large impact drill. After the sediment in the rock hole is cleaned, the steel skeleton is placed, underwater concrete is poured into the pipe column until it is full, and then the sediment and ballast in the cofferdam are sucked out, and the bottom is sealed with underwater concrete. After that, drain the water in the cofferdam, tie the steel bars, build the foundation pile caps, and then start to build the piers upwards. Because this construction method is carried out on water, the working conditions of workers are improved and the health of workers is effectively guaranteed.

In order to make the complex theory more popular, I want to say that the sinking speed of the former method is calculated by several square inches per day and night, and the sinking speed of the latter method (later improved for drilling large-diameter pipe strings) is calculated by several square inches per minute. Based on this, we can clearly see the difference between the two methods.

The situation listed above is the result of later practice. No one can guarantee it before it was done!

After listening to Xilin's introduction, Peng Min was keenly aware of the seriousness of this matter, and must mobilize the masses to discuss it. Immediately organized a meeting attended by engineers and technicians from both sides, which was very serious and lively. Chinese personnel raised many questions and questions, but they were all very interested. Several former Soviet bridge experts who came with Xilin put forward the opposite opinion, on the grounds that the construction plan has been passed by the Soviet National Appraisal Committee and no major changes are needed; Secondly, this new method has never been done before, and it is too late to test it now. The expert also told a joke, saying: "A person touches his right ear with his right hand, as long as he raises his hand, he touches it;" But now, you must put your hands behind your neck and touch them. Can you still touch them? " I saw Xilin stand up and say seriously, "Comrades, we are talking about the construction method of bridge foundation, not touching ears! " "

We had a quarrel, and it was calm for the time being. Peng Min is still unable to calm down. After the meeting, he went to Wang Juqian and Mei Yangchun for advice. They told Peng Min: "The pier foundation of Qiantang River Bridge was constructed by caisson method, but it was contracted to foreign businessmen and our people wouldn't let it go." "LaoPeng, ammunition box method is quite dangerous, but there is no better way. Still have to learn to explore new ways. "

In his memoir 1968, my father said: "The foundation project of the bridge is constructed by the latest' pipe column drilling method'. This method was created by young bridge experts in the Soviet Union, approved by the State Council, China, and jointly studied and tested by China workers and bridge technicians. "

"Only success, no failure; Only success, no failure! "

Peng Min, the director, felt that it was of great importance. He immediately rushed to Beijing with relevant information and reported directly to his father. At that time, my father didn't give a reply, but told his secretary to arrange Peng Min to have a rest. The next afternoon, my father called Comrade Peng Min to the office and made it clear that he supported Xilin's suggestion. Peng Min recalled: "Minister Teng believes that Xilin is not a rash person, and he will not mention his country's reputation unless he is fully sure. I have reported this to the Prime Minister. " Comrade Lv Zhengcao, then vice minister of the Ministry of Railways, also remembered this incident. He recalled: "Premier Zhou listened carefully to the opinions from all sides and put forward the requirement that the construction must be tested."

1955 in the first half of the year, the State Council approved the new scheme "to continue the experimental comparison between the old and new schemes, which is also the method of" relying on the masses and everything passing the test "advocated by the CPC Central Committee.

The Bridge Bureau immediately organized personnel to carry out a variety of tests on shore and in the middle of the river, and proposed that some large-scale mechanical equipment for building pier foundations should also be redesigned and manufactured, including new drawings and styles of drill bits, as well as drilling machines and vibration pile drivers. After the Hanshui Bridge site was successfully completed, the workers and comrades went to the Yangtze River Bridge site with great interest at first, but they were very anxious when they saw the lack of equipment and difficulties. Faced with the rolling river, the broad masses of cadres and workers are inevitably impatient and afraid of difficulties. When the experiment entered the most difficult stage, the Party Committee of the Bridge Bureau wrote a report to the party group of the Ministry of Railways, in which there was a sentence that said: Experimental work is the key to success or failure. A few days later, I received a reply from the party group of the Ministry of Railways: only success, no failure; Only success, not failure! These instructions gave a great shock to a group of people in the Party Committee of the Bridge Bureau. They understand that there is only one way to go, and that is to creatively implement new methods. Under the strong leadership of the party Committee, a series of experiments were carried out, and Chinese and Soviet technicians United as one. With the enthusiasm of "only success, no failure", they stubbornly overcame all difficulties and finally achieved the expected results. The workers began to devote themselves to the construction again. Afterwards, the comrade recalled: "If you look at the handwriting of this comment, you will know that it was written by Minister Teng." Xilin, an expert from the former Soviet Union, said with great emotion: "To do such a thing, you need stronger nerves."

"There are not so many ifs!"

The storm didn't stop here. What happened at home still spread abroad, and the former Soviet government also knew about it. To investigate the cause of the incident, at the end of 1955, the former Soviet government sent a delegation headed by Golev Nico, Minister of Communications Engineering, to China, mainly to inspect the construction of the Yangtze River Bridge, and a large number of engineering authorities such as Gloag Loff, Kim Guo Lianke and Shagailov came with the delegation. Xilin was also very nervous after knowing it. He forced a smile and said to his old friend Peng Min, "I'm ready for trial."

Knowing that the former Soviet delegation was coming, my father immediately reported to the Prime Minister. Father recalled: "Prime Minister's instruction: warm reception." Father put down his work, briefed several deputy ministers and accompanied the guests from the former Soviet Union to Wuhan. On the way, my father asked Peng Min to take a message to Xilin: "This plan was approved by the China government, so don't be nervous."

The "visit" that lasted for more than ten days was actually a review of Xilin's proposal. They read the documents and drawings, went to the site to see the construction, and listened to Xilin's "defense". In the meantime, Peng Min felt that things were very serious and he was very nervous. He went to his father and said, "What if it turns out that he doesn't agree with this plan and withdraws Xilin to the country?" Father said firmly: "Do it according to Xilin's plan!" "What if?" Father severely criticized: "there are not so many ifs!" " " .

A storm passed, and after severe and even harsh examination, Xilin's plan was finally approved. In February, 65438, Wu, vice minister of the Ministry of Railways, presided over a meeting and made a clear conclusion on this plan. The minutes of the meeting will be signed and approved by the Ministers of Railways (Ministry of Transport and Engineering) of the two countries. A sentence in the record file is transcribed as follows: The new method adopted for the deep foundation of the pier of the Yangtze River Bridge is advanced. The construction period is shortened and the cost is reduced, and the working condition is simpler than that of caisson foundation engineering. This method should also be widely used to build bridges and hydraulic structures.

It can be concluded that the China Yangtze River Bridge project has made a brand-new creation in the history of bridge engineering in the world!

Xilin found it specially and said, "Please formally convey to Minister Teng: Thank you for his trust in me." Soon, my father cordially met Xilin at the Beijing Ministry of Railways and told him that China and the Soviet government had approved the technical documents for building the bridge. Now, you can let go. (Xilin won the Lenin Prize after returning to China, which is another story. Comrade Peng Min said with deep feelings: "If this is not the case, then all the responsibilities will fall on Minister Teng, and the consequences will be unimaginable." According to the recollection of Comrade Teng, the deputy chief engineer of the Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Railways at that time: "For the new scheme, Minister Teng was observant and decisive, and dared to set a precedent for the construction of deep-water bridge infrastructure in the world, and successfully tested it on the first Yangtze River Bridge in China (China). His courage was admirable."

Later, my father took advantage of his inspection work in Wuhan, and specially convened a meeting of cadres of the Bridge Bureau, and solemnly put forward the call of "building schools". He pointed out that the completion of the bridge can train a large number of talents for bridge construction in China and train more bridge repair workers. Learning is not only learning technology, but also learning innovative spirit and selfless and fearless quality.

"I think the world is as black as an old crow!"

Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out in his speeches from 65438 to 0957: "One of the reasons why we have made rapid progress in recent years is the experience and help of the Soviet Union. Of course, it is not that everything is right, and there are no shortcomings in the process of helping us. "

Comrade Liao Shiquan, then director of the Materials Bureau of the Ministry of Railways, said such a thing. The construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge requires 125m long-span steel beams. Xilin of the expert group said that the Soviet Union has products that we can order. But when we sent someone to contact us, the Soviet side offered to raise the price and did not sell it to us happily. Liao suggested to his father whether to order from a third country (such as Britain and Czech Republic) to blow the whistle on the Soviet Union. After listening, my father even said, "That makes sense, that makes sense." We immediately called Vice Minister Wu, invited him to meet business counselor, the Soviet Embassy, and told them about it, asking the Soviet side to consider it. This move really worked. Within three days, the Soviet side took the initiative to come to the door and agreed to supply at the original price.

It can be seen that my father is crisp and neat, and he is not dragging his feet. It's completely military style.

But not everything is like this. Comrade Chen Zhijian recalled: "At the beginning of the construction of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, I kept in touch with Soviet experts. At a meeting of leading cadres of the whole railway, Minister Teng asked the design and construction units to tap the potential and reduce the construction cost. At that time, a Soviet expert at the main venue told me through an interpreter: "In terms of careful calculation, experts have tried their best, so it can be said that there is no potential to be tapped." After listening, my father replied seriously: "I think the world is as black as an old crow!" " "Everyone in the venue froze, and the whole room was quiet. Father continued to criticize: "There is no such thing as no potential to dig. It depends on whether you are serious in your work and whether your attitude is correct. " After the meeting, Soviet experts and China technicians held a meeting overnight. After careful search, it is put forward that the number of steel sheet piles in bridge foundation can be reduced, which can save more than 300 thousand yuan. After my father knew it, he immediately asked the general office to send a document to praise it.

"The quality of this bridge is guaranteed for at least one hundred years."

The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge project has attracted national attention and attracted worldwide attention. Among them, the care and support of the leading comrades of the party and the state are poured into it, and at the same time, the hard work of his father is condensed, which reflects his courage and courage to support innovation and creation under difficult conditions. 1956 February 18 and March 6, my father reported the railway work to Liu Shaoqi and Mao Zedong. After listening to the report, Mao Zedong pointed out that it is not easy to run a factory with thousands of people. Without the leadership of the party, it is easy to become a long-term dictatorship. He also made a humorous analogy: all kinds of planets revolve around the sun. If you leave the sun, maybe this planet and that planet will collide. Mao Zedong warned the party's senior cadres to truly combine collective leadership with individual responsibility, and really carry out criticism and self-criticism. We have a tradition of mass work and a mass line, which is our advantage.

Our working people and intellectuals have realized their ideals and hopes for thousands of years under the leadership of the Party, and the great vitality generated by our great nation has been fully exerted in socialist construction.

My father wrote in his memory: "I think Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge is economical, strong, beautiful, fast and safe. The quality of this bridge is guaranteed for at least one hundred years. " He attaches great importance to the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge project. Bu, his secretary who followed him for many years, wrote in his diary: "I go to Wuhan at least twice a year, and sometimes I have to travel everywhere." He said that the completion of the bridge can train a large number of bridge construction talents, train more bridge repair workers and sum up bridge construction experience for China. The most capable cadres he used, such as Comrade Liu Linxiang, also agreed to be transferred. " What's going on here?

Uncle Liu has been accompanying his father, mainly translating Russian and taking photos. He is half Russian and looks like a foreigner. He is clever and proficient in business. His Russian is excellent and his translation is first-class. At first, he was the director of the translation department of the Ministry of Railways, and later he was the director of the Science and Technology Bureau of the Ministry of Railways and the director of the General Administration of Infrastructure. He is a rare genius. He used to go home to play and take pictures of us. For a while, we didn't see Uncle Liu. Upon inquiry, it is known that the construction of Wuhan Bridge has entered a critical stage. Many experts from the former Soviet Union have come to the Bridge Bureau, and translation is not enough. My father resolutely decided to transfer Comrade Liu Linxiang, who has worked around for many years, to the Bridge Bureau, which caused great repercussions within the railway.

1953 65438+In February, my father led Soviet experts to Wuhan to inspect the site of Hanshui Railway Bridge, the predecessor project of the Yangtze River Bridge under construction. According to comrade Liu Linxiang, the director of the translation department of the Foreign Affairs Bureau who accompanied him, Teng walked quickly in front of him as soon as he got off the bus at the construction site, and the guard soldiers standing guard on the bridge reached out and stopped him and asked him to show his certificate. He immediately took out the "Railway Staff Service Certificate" from his coat pocket and handed it to the guards. The soldiers stood at attention and saluted after inspection. Teng immediately praised the soldier for his seriousness and responsibility. Uncle Liu lamented: "It's really rare for a minister to wear road clothes all the time and still have documents in his pocket."