College entrance examination refers to the entrance examination for higher education in China. College entrance examination is a qualification examination for candidates to enter and choose universities, and it is also one of the most important national examinations in China. It is organized by the state, proposed by specialized agencies, and carried out simultaneously.
1977 10 2 1, the headline of people's daily, "major reform of college enrollment", announced that the college entrance examination, which had been interrupted for more than ten years, would be resumed. The news quickly spread all over the country.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/977, the first exam after the college entrance examination was resumed. The examination is divided into two subjects, namely, politics, Chinese, mathematics, history and geography (historical geography) and science and engineering subjects, namely, politics, Chinese, mathematics, physics and chemistry (physical chemistry). Those who apply for foreign language majors should try foreign languages.
College entrance examination timetable
China has a history of 1300 years. This system once [65,438+00] showed the superiority of selecting talents, which deeply influenced East Asian countries. 1905, in order to develop new education and cultivate practical talents, the Qing court abolished the imperial examination system and introduced the western school examination system instead. The establishment of the modern college entrance examination system in China has two important sources: one is the traditional examination thinking and value formed by the imperial examination system, and the other is the mode and means of the western modern examination system.
1904, under the auspices of Zhang Zhidong and others, the Qing government promulgated the Regulations on Theatre Schools.
1905, the imperial examination system died, and the modern college entrance examination system in China stepped onto the historical stage.
1936, there were more than 100 universities in China. At that time, the college entrance examination system was a proposition organized by each university itself. Students can choose to apply to multiple universities or be admitted to multiple universities at the same time.
From 65438 to 0952, China established a national unified enrollment system for ordinary colleges and universities. Unified college entrance examination enrollment can better reflect fairness and meet the needs of the country to quickly select talents at that time.
From 65438 to 0977, Comrade Xiaoping served as the vice premier of the country, in charge of culture and education, and presided over the resumption of the college entrance examination. The resumption of the college entrance examination has changed the fate of millions of people, saved education in China and saved the whole of China.
1977 10 2 1, the headline of people's daily, "major reform of college enrollment", announced that the college entrance examination, which had been interrupted for more than ten years, would be resumed. The news quickly spread all over the country.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/977, the first exam after the college entrance examination was resumed. The examination is divided into two subjects, namely, politics, Chinese, mathematics, history and geography (historical geography) and science and engineering subjects, namely, politics, Chinese, mathematics, physics and chemistry (physical chemistry). Those who apply for foreign language majors should try foreign languages.
198 1, English is included in the examination subject, and 30% of the score is included in the total score or reference. In addition, it was not until 1994 that the model of "six principles and seven principles" in biology was added to science.
1983 The Ministry of Education formally put forward the method of "directional enrollment and directional distribution". It is stipulated that some ordinary colleges and universities affiliated to the central departments or the system of the commission of science, technology and industry for national defense should recruit students from rural areas or hard industries such as farms, pastures, mining areas and oil fields according to a certain proportion.
1983 officially included foreign languages (English, Russian, Japanese, German, French, Spanish, you can choose freely when registering for the college entrance examination, and generally choose English) into the college entrance examination subjects, and the original scores were included in the total score.
1985 the Ministry of education stipulates that a small number of unplanned self-funded students can be recruited from the candidates who take the unified college entrance examination. The enrollment system, which has always been "all-inclusive" by the state, has become a "dual-track system" in which the state plans to enroll students without charge and the state regulates enrollment fees. In the same year, standardized examinations were introduced from the United States, and in the same year, English and mathematics were first piloted in Guangdong Province.
1985, Shanghai took the lead in obtaining the right of independent proposition in China. In the same year, the State Education Commission decided to conduct a pilot program to recruit students who walk in Peking University and other 43 universities.
1989 In August, the State Education Commission decided to gradually implement standardized examinations throughout the country.
1994 Reform of the general college entrance examination system and introduction of the "3+2" examination system. Biology and geography were cancelled. In addition to the number of words, liberal arts has increased the examination of ideological politics and history, science has increased the examination of physics and chemistry, and science examination no longer takes ideological politics. The original intention is to reduce the burden on students, but it leads to poor knowledge of geography and biology.
From 65438 to 0996, China's higher education tried to recruit students in parallel, and university tuition began to rise.
1997 enrollment reform in colleges and universities.
1999, the Ministry of Education issued the Action Plan for Revitalizing Education Facing the 2 1 century. The document holds that the grand goal and task of cross-century socialist modernization has made a comprehensive arrangement for the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education. In the same year, Guangdong took the lead in piloting the "3+X" reform program, and biology and geography began to become college entrance examination subjects again. Since the beginning of this year, colleges and universities have begun to expand their enrollment on a large scale.
In 2000, teachers' majors, which have been "all-inclusive" by the state, began to charge fees, and the reform of enrollment integration was completed.
Before 2000, the national unified examination paper was always used in the college entrance examination in China. From 2000 to 2004, the whole country began to implement the organizational model of "unified college entrance examination and provincial proposition", and more and more provinces joined the ranks of independent propositions.
200 1 The Ministry of Education has further relaxed the conditions for candidates to register for the national unified entrance examination for ordinary colleges and universities. The restriction that the general college entrance examination registration age is no more than 25 years old and unmarried has been abolished. Secondary vocational graduates are no longer limited to higher vocational colleges, but can also apply for ordinary colleges and universities. Enrolling in the general college entrance examination will not be restricted and influenced by age and marital status, which is an important measure of the lifelong education system. So far, older candidates over 25 years old have entered the college entrance examination every year in China.
In 2003, with the consent of the State Council, the Ministry of Education decided to advance the college entrance examination time by one month from 2003, and the college entrance examination time will be fixed on June 7, 8 and 9 every year.
In 2003, the Ministry of Education approved the first batch of 22 colleges and universities to carry out independent enrollment pilot. As a new talent selection method, there are 90 colleges and universities with independent enrollment qualifications; The types are gradually increasing, including "self-organized examination", "principal's real name recommendation system" and "self-enrollment joint examination".
In 2008, China launched the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020).
In 20 10, the enrollment rate of general higher education reached school-age youth 15%. In just five or six years, the enrollment scale of universities has nearly tripled, and "mass education" has gradually replaced "elite education". But at the same time, the lack of vocational skills of college graduates and the difficulty of employment have caused people to reflect on the expansion of enrollment.
In February, 2065438+00, the Ministry of Education released the draft for comments, and in July, it released the full text deliberated and adopted by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. The document clearly puts forward that the examination enrollment system of classified examination, multiple admission and comprehensive evaluation should be gradually formed, which points out a new direction for the reform of college entrance examination.
2065438+September 2004, the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System" pointed out that it is necessary to "create conditions to gradually cancel the enrollment batches of ordinary colleges and universities. From 20 15, pilot reform of admission batches will be carried out in qualified provinces. "
20 14 12 16, 17 The Ministry of Education has successively issued Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Students in Ordinary Senior High Schools, Opinions on Implementing the Academic Proficiency Examination in Ordinary Senior High Schools, Opinions on Further Perfecting and Standardizing the Pilot Work of Independent Enrollment in Colleges and Universities, and Opinions on Further Reducing and Standardizing the Plus Items for College Entrance Examination.
In 20 14, there were 16 provinces and cities in China that implemented the provincial proposition, and there were 15 unified propositions; In 20 15, Jiangxi, Liaoning and Shandong provinces were added to implement the unified proposition of the college entrance examination, and the number of provinces and municipalities directly under the central government using the national unified proposition paper increased to 18.
In 20 16, 26 provinces in China chose a unified proposition, that is, "the national unified examination questions for general college entrance examination", and Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang or municipalities directly under the central government were still provincial propositions.
20 17 10 19, Chen Baosheng, deputy to the 19th National Congress and Minister of Education, said that by 2020, China will establish a new college entrance examination system in an all-round way.
On March 2 18 and 2 1 day, the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Enrollment of Colleges and Universities in 20 18, and made arrangements for the enrollment of colleges and universities in 20 18. The "Notice" pointed out that in order to further improve the admission rate of college entrance examinations in the central and western regions and populous provinces, colleges and universities affiliated to the central departments should be inclined to provinces with relatively low admission rates of key universities; Completely cancel the national college entrance examination plus points items such as sports special students, middle school students' academic Olympic competitions, science and technology competitions, provincial outstanding students, and outstanding deeds of ideological and political morality.
On May 6, 20 19, a national teleconference on the safety of college entrance examination was held. Chen Baosheng, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Education, revealed at the meeting that the number of applicants for the 20 19 college entrance examination reached tens of millions. 20 19 the national unified examination for college enrollment was held on June 7-9, 20 103 10000.
On March 3, 2020, with the consent of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the national unified entrance examination for ordinary colleges and universities in 2020 was postponed for one month, and the examination time was from July 7 to 8. In 2020, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination will be 107 10000.
On July 25th, 2020, starting from 20021year, Beijing College Entrance Examination added the oral English test, with 50 points for oral English plus listening test, and the total score remained unchanged.
On February/February/2002 19, the Ministry of Education issued the Notice of the Ministry of Education on Doing a Good Job in Enrollment of Ordinary Colleges and Universities in 20021year. Mingming 202 1 National Unified Examination was held on June 7th. Subject examination schedule is: June 7th from 9:00 to 1 1:30 Chinese; Mathematics from 15:00 to 17:00. June 8, 9:00- 1 1:30, liberal arts comprehensive/science comprehensive; 15:00- 17:00 foreign languages, if there is a foreign language listening test, it should be arranged before the written foreign language test begins.
202 1,10.78 million people signed up for the national college entrance examination.