At the same time, it shows that the technology and labor force in the south have caught up with or even surpassed that in the north. In the feudal era dominated by agriculture, the transfer of agricultural center will inevitably lead to the transfer of economic center. The south gradually established its economic status.
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When the national policy of "emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce" was fundamentally shaken, a large number of farmers moved out of the agricultural production field, from industry and commerce; A considerable number of farmers have left the countryside and become urban residents; The concept is updated, and the industry and commerce have achieved unprecedented development; The agricultural industrial structure was further adjusted, and commodity agriculture developed rapidly.
In this new situation, in the process of the development of productive forces and the transformation of production relations, new economic factors (previously called "capitalist production bud", recently called "market economy bud" or "modernization factor") are gestated.
At the same time, from the perspective of various production departments in the country, it presents a new trend of all-round development. Specific performance are:
Grain production continued to develop. In particular, Huguang, Sichuan and other places began large-scale development and gradually became new commodity grain bases, from "Suzhou and Shanghai are ripe, and the world is full" to "Huguang is ripe, and the world is full".
Commodity agriculture has gained unprecedented opportunities for development. Cotton, mulberry and hemp are widely planted, and the introduction and wide promotion of sweet potato and tobacco have produced great economic benefits. Among them, the commercial agriculture in Jiangnan has the fastest development and the most prosperous economy.
The social division of labor is becoming more and more detailed. Individual farmers' cottage industries, mainly cotton and silk products, gradually separated from agriculture, gradually went to the market, and as a supplement to agriculture, developed into an independent production department with decisive influence, and its proportion in the whole national economy increased greatly. Especially in Jiangnan area, it has become the main way for people to get rich.
Emerging industrial and commercial towns have developed rapidly. Due to the increasing separation of agriculture and handicrafts, farmers and agricultural products are more dependent on the market, and the channels of economic and trade exchanges between urban and rural areas have been further broadened, and the market network with marketing as the main body has begun to take shape. The ranks of businessmen are growing day by day, long-distance trafficking is very common, and the national commodity circulation in the mainland and border areas is increasingly active.
The most contemporary are Jiangsu, Songsong, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Changzhou, Zhen and other places in the south of the Yangtze River. Different from the previous political and military nature, a large number of professional industrial and commercial towns focusing on agricultural and sideline products production and processing have emerged, developed rapidly, and the pace of urbanization has obviously accelerated.
Characteristic economic zones began to take shape. Jiangsu, Songsong, Jiahu and other places are characterized by cotton mulberry, the Pearl River region is characterized by foreign trade, sugar, fruits and flowers, and the southern coast of Fujian is characterized by sugar and fruits. The economic development of the Huanghuai River Basin and the "Nine Borders" region has also reached a new level.
The financial and monetary undertakings have further developed, the production and use of silver have expanded, and the degree of monetization has further improved. In addition, with the partial lifting of the "maritime ban", foreign exchanges and trade, especially non-governmental maritime trade, have gained unprecedented opportunities for development. This situation is most prominent in the southeast coastal areas.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Suzhou Lake is ripe and the world is full.
China Net —— An Interpretation of a Strange Phenomenon in Ming History —— The Coexistence of Good and Evil