Huizhou-Hangzhou ancient road route map Huizhou-Hangzhou ancient road was built in Sui and Tang Dynasties. It is the third famous ancient road after the Silk Road and the Tea Horse Road. It is an important channel for trade exchanges between ancient Huizhou merchants and Zhejiang merchants. It has had a great economic and cultural impact in history. Huizhou ancient roads are mostly narrow paths that cross mountains and mountains, and intersect with the "animal hoof bird trail", so it is also called "bird trail". Huizhou ancient road refers to the stone mountain road leading from ancient Huizhou to the outside of the mountain. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 124 ancient roads (sections) and nearly a thousand ancient bridges in the ancient territory of "one government and six counties". Among them, there are 50 well-preserved ancient roads such as Huihang Ancient Road, Rao Hui Ancient Road and Huiqing Ancient Road, with a total length of 442 kilometers, while there are more than 20 well-preserved ancient roads with historical value. In the cultural space carried by these ancient Huizhou roads, there are some cultural symbols representing Huizhou. First, the historical origin of Huizhou ancient road Huizhou is surrounded by mountains, with overlapping peaks and ravines. The ancient road extending in all directions is the lifeline of communication between ancient Huizhou and the outside world. It has a long history and rich cultural connotation, and it is also a historical witness of the people of ancient Huizhou's diligence and wisdom, pioneering and innovative, and seeking development. In the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1699), Huizhou Fuzhi recorded that "from Qingxi County in Zhou Mu to Zhou She, a hundred birds wandered". He Qi, the Three Kingdoms, went out of the new capital and began to chisel the ridge to connect Jiangsu and Zhejiang; At the end of Sui Dynasty, Hua Wang rose up to protect the country and made peace by chiseling mountains. By the Tang Dynasty, the official postal service was developed. In addition to the general road, there is another postal route called Post Road, also known as Official Road. Go to Beijing in the Northern Song Dynasty, go out of the East Gate, leave the country through jiepailing, and you can go to Kaifeng, the capital. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the official entrance to Beijing was changed to the south gate. After leaving the country through Yulingguan, you can go to the capital Lin 'an. Since then, with Shexian county as the center, nine ancient post roads have gradually formed, commonly known as "Kowloon going to sea". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou merchants flourished, and merchants donated money and built them in succession. There are Suzhou and Hangzhou in the east, Sichuan in the west, Fujian and Guangzhou in the south, and commercial roads in Beijing in the north. At the same time, Huizhou folk spontaneously raised funds to build Fuxian rural roads, which made Huizhou ancient roads prosperous and accessible. There are no developed transportation and communication facilities on the ancient Huizhou-Hangzhou road. Apart from Xin 'anjiang, Qingyijiang and Jiangwei, which are known as "golden waterways", all the communication between Huizhou people and the outside world is more a road across mountains from Huizhou government to counties under its jurisdiction (Shexian, yi county, Jixi, Xiuning and Qimen). Generation after generation of Huizhou ancestors, with their fortitude, courage and wisdom, made great efforts to rule the country and cut mountains and stones, and came up with this traffic artery-Huizhou Ancient Road. According to the Records of Huangshan Highway, there are more than 0/00 main ancient roads/kloc-in Huangshan City, with nearly 1,000 kilometers and nearly 1,000 ancient bridges. Whether it's an official road, a plank road or a firewood road, it's surrounded by mountains and waters. As long as you walk carefully, you will find that every big Huizhou village is the intersection of Huizhou ancient road, and they are natural post stations on the ancient road. It is this winding mountain road that carries Huizhou people onto the steps of the mountain. Huizhou Ancient Road is not only the only way for Huizhou villagers to work in Shan Ye, but also the main channel for business and personnel exchanges between the two places. These rugged mountain roads have greatly shortened the journey out of the mountain, and batches of Huizhou native products have been continuously transported to all parts of the country and other places through ancient roads. Generations of Huizhou people have also walked out of the mountains from the ancient road to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Huguang and even the whole country in search of a broader world. It can be said that Huizhou ancient road is the road of Huizhou people's survival, entrepreneurship, economy and trade, as well as the road of life, culture and dreams. Huizhou Ancient Road bears the dreams of countless Huizhou people, and it is the nerve vein of Huizhou culture radiating to the surrounding areas, so Huizhou culture has always been favored by China. They are not only mountain roads, but also represent a breakthrough in Huizhou culture and a bitter history of Huizhou ancestors' entrepreneurship. Huizhou-Hangzhou Ancient Road These ancient roads are of different ages, including Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. Huizhou ancient road was built in Sui and Tang Dynasties, but most of it was formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties with a long history. In the 13th year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (6 15), Hua Wang rose up and opened the ancient road, which was peaceful for a time, governing the six countries of Hui, Xuan, Hangzhou, Mu, Wu and Rao. Youlong Ridge Ancient Road in Xiuning County, also known as "Huizhou Avenue", was built in the Tang Dynasty, which is an important way for Raohui Ancient Road to enter Jingdezhen. In the fourth year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 897), the thief Xia Zhang took a false road to Mangenling and Kouqimen. Before and after the Tang Dynasty, Mangenling Ancient Road was already a bustling ancient road with endless pedestrians. The west Wuling ancient road connects Yixian and Qimen, and it is difficult to cut the wall with dangerous peaks. In the Tang Dynasty, the stone was carved into a road, and then Huang Baoguang, a monk in the Song Dynasty, developed it and there was a stone. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Sun Hongwei, a resident of the ancient village, "donated group insurance and devoted himself to the governor, which was completed in five years". Yulingguan, an ancient road between Huizhou and Hangzhou, was built in the Five Dynasties. It is the first pass at the junction of Anhui and Zhejiang, and is known as "the first dangerous wall in Zhangzhou". Zongwumu Wang Fei led his troops across the county, and the stream rose sharply, so the army could not move forward. The king ordered the people to cut the mountain and clear the way, starting from the Three Tombs. It can be seen that this place is a strategic place in past dynasties. Zhelin Ancient Road lies between Xiuning and Wuyuan. According to legend, in the Five Dynasties, there was an old woman named Fang in Lingtou who provided water and tea for business travelers all the year round. Huizhou-Hangzhou Ancient Road, Yaoling Ancient Road in Jixi County, between Song Baoyou and Hu Dan, there is a big stone gate, so it is very convenient to go with the flow and compete for bending, so that those who chisel the convex are flat and those who chisel the concave are filled, and those who chisel the stone think it awkward, so it is very convenient to walk more than five miles. In the early Song Dynasty, the post road leading to Huang Mao in Xiuning started from Zhong Ping Village in Dawan, Wuyuan, and reached Huang Mao in Xiuning via Dawan. Because this road is along the stream, it is very tortuous. When floods break out, bridges often collapse and roads are destroyed. Later, Wang Shao, a native of Wuyuan, donated money to open up the road from Furong, Duijing, Yangdou, Taling and Xinling, commonly known as "Huizhou Wuling" to Huang Mao. This is the Taling Ancient Road in Wuyuan. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Wangtong invested in redevelopment, and the Taling Ancient Road basically took shape. Xieshanling Ancient Road in Yongfeng Township: Located in the northernmost part of huangshan district, bordering Qingyang County, it was built at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of nearly a thousand years. Second, Huizhou ancient road cultural site Huizhou ancient road is also a concentrated place of historical relics. Today, there are still some historical sites along the Huizhou ancient road, such as memorial archways, covered bridges, pavilions, ancient houses and ancestral halls, so that future generations can still feel the local historical atmosphere. At the entrance of Xiaoyaoling Ancient Road, there are eyebrows "The First Pass in the South of the Yangtze River" and "Lock Keys in Huizhou and Hangzhou" written in Tongzhi Period of Qing Dynasty. Ruolingguan Ancient Road was established during the apocalypse of Ming Dynasty (1620- 1627). In the fourth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1647), the pass was built in Lingtou, and the word "natural barrier reopened" was engraved at the time of the pass, which was simple and vicissitudes. The Hui ancient road in Mangenling, the stone buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties such as Jibao Pavilion, Guxi Pavilion, Yuquan Pavilion, Qiyuan Pavilion and Bar Banqiao, and the Buddhist sites such as Supreme Temple, Yuantong Temple and Miyan Temple are clearly visible. In particular, the Mugen Pass built by Zeng Guofan in Lingtou, an ancient post road, is known as "the first pass in the south of the Yangtze River" and fluctuates continuously 14 km. Magnificent momentum, strong defense, there is a trend of "guarding the pass alone, ten thousand people can't force it." Yulingguan Ancient Road is located at the junction of Anhui and Zhejiang. It is an ancient road between Huizhou and Hangzhou. It was built in the Five Dynasties and was made of Huagang rocks of different sizes. It is the traffic artery between Hangzhou and Huizhou, an important example of studying ancient defensive architecture, and a historical witness of economic and trade exchanges between Anhui and Zhejiang. Dalian Ling Ancient Road was built in the Tang Dynasty, and it has a cave, which has been abandoned and repaired repeatedly. The central line is the boundary between ancient Huizhou and Zhoumu, and it is also the provincial boundary between Anhui and Zhejiang today. Known as "one foot across two provinces, the crow wakes up three counties". Rao Hui Ancient Road in Zhelin, next to the post road, stands the base pavilion, which was built with green granite during the Qianlong period and is still strong. On the right side of the ridge, there is the ancient monument of Wu Chu Tomb Garden, and there are more than ten inscriptions beside the monument, such as Duipo Tomb Group, Shiwanshan Temple, Tongchun Pavilion, Yixianquan Temple, Ban Ling Temple, and "Fengxian main hall shows the ban". On the wall of Buyun Temple in Shimenling Ancient Road, there are five inscriptions on the ancient road donated by villagers and merchants in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as "All ends well and pays off". Along the Baijiling Ancient Road, there are landmark buildings such as Xinfeng Pagoda in Ming Dynasty and Jiexiaofang in Qing Dynasty, all of which are well preserved. Huizhou ancient road is particularly thick because of its long history and particularly touching because of ancient legends. The ancient Huizhou Road, like a heavy history book, records the glory and vicissitudes of Huizhou yesterday, bearing the dreams and bitterness of countless Huizhou people. On the Dahongling ancient road, there is a legend that Zheng donated money to build a new road in Xiangyuan Village, Datan Township during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. There is a legend of "Ercheng Temple" in Yaoling, an ancient road in Huihang. "Lu Junyi vs Yulingguan" in Outlaws of the Marsh 1 18 is a record of Fang La rebels fighting Song Jun in Yulingguan at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. On the ancient roads of Huihang and Zhelin, there is a legacy of Fang Po's tea. There is a story about Wang Yuan and Hu Xueyan, owners of Taling Inn, returning to Julie. There is a story of Manglietia on Chiling Ancient Road. Talling has the story of eighteen loads of gold and silver treasures; Legend has it that Yue Fei chose the direction of the ancient road in Ruo Ling with a pear blossom gun in his hand. On the ancient road of Yangzhanling, the Fang La Uprising was paved with poles several times, leaving behind the legend of "Big Sword Stone" and the folk song "Big Bluestone, Sacrificing Treasure Knife, Fang La Uprising is more ambitious". The story of Emperor Qianlong's southern tour turning Yiling into a "feather ridge" is spread on the ancient Yiling road. The villages near the ancient road still retain the most traditional folk activities in Huizhou. On the Yulingguan ancient road, there are folk activities with local characteristics such as "swinging" in Sanyangkeng village and "folding Luohan" in Yecun village. Huangxu's street source, Guling Road, Grain Rain, also has an indissoluble bond with Huizhou Opera. Lixia Village is also one of Mulian's hometowns, where the story of Mulian's rescue of his mother is a household name. Li Xi Mulian Troupe is one of the famous Mulian troupes in ancient Huizhou. Zhong Kui Dance on Dragon Boat Festival, Xianglong Dance on Mid-Autumn Festival and "Victory Drum" in Baijiling Ancient Road Fishing Village have become non-legacy representative projects. The Song Dynasty bench dragon on the Youlong Ridge ancient road has performances on major festivals. Third, the commercial witness of Huizhou ancient road Huizhou is not only a geographical concept, but also a pan-regional culture cultivated by the old Huizhou government and finally formed through long-term historical accumulation. Huizhou has always had the saying that "seven mountains, one water, one field, one road and one manor". The farming environment is relatively bad, and the contradiction between man and land makes Huizhou people have to look beyond the mountains. Huizhou people said sadly: "Everyone in the world puts their lives on agriculture, while Huizhou people put their lives on commerce", so there was "born in Huizhou without a previous life; When I was thirteen or fourteen, I lost it. More than 300 years in Ming and Qing Dynasties is the heyday of the development of Huizhou merchants and Huizhou ancient road. Huizhou ancient road has made the cause of Huizhou merchants, and the belief of Huizhou merchants in repaying their debts has enriched the connotation of Huizhou ancient road. They have joined local gentlemen or advocated officials and people to actively donate money to rebuild or continue to repair ancient roads, resulting in hundreds of "thoroughfares" with a total length of thousands of miles in Huizhou and its surrounding areas. These ancient Huizhou roads all over the territory make the roads from ancient Huizhou to Chizhou, Anqing, Jingdezhen, Fuliang, Shangrao, Hangzhou, Xuancheng and other places unimpeded. These ancient Huizhou roads were "national roads" at that time, which were mainly used to transport foreign goods and local products such as salt, rice, tea and grain. Huizhou Ancient Road Huizhou Ancient Road is a commercial road for Huizhou merchants to enter and leave the outside world. Pieces of polished bluestone slabs are the best interpretation of the prosperity of Huizhou merchants. Because of the different landforms of Huizhou ancient road, there is a saying that the starting and ending of the road, the length of the road, the difficulty of the road and the width of the road are all different. Some ancient roads need years and decades of efforts, and some ancient roads need generations and decades of efforts to be built. The project is huge and the cost is immeasurable, which can be compared with today's expressway. Without the support of many Huizhou merchants, the completion of these ancient Huizhou roads is unimaginable. Dahongling Ancient Road was opened and built from Wanli to Daoguang-year. After more than 200 years in Cang Sang, this road has been seriously damaged and become a dangerous road. During the Daoguang period, businessmen, bureaucrats and Qiyi businessmen donated money to rebuild and maintain the Dahongling Passage, costing tens of thousands of dollars. Six years later, this dangerous road was finally paved. At that time, the names, trade names and quantities of a large number of donors were recorded on the eight bluestones in Lingtou. Hu Guansan, a merchant of yi county Xidi, sold grain on the ancient road of West Wuling in his early years, forming a one-stop service of purchasing, transporting, serving and selling. There is a poem "A new rice arrives at the head of West Wuling, and the husband bears the chaff", which describes the scene that Hu Guansan hired hundreds of people to transport grain from Jiangxi to Qimen and Yixian for sale. Zheling, the ancient road from Huizhou to Raozhou, is known as the thoroughfare of seven provinces. There are Huguang in the south and Jiangsu and Zhejiang in the north. Porcelain from Jingdezhen, fish and shrimp from Poyang Lake and rice and pork from Leping were transported from here to Tunxi, Suzhou, Hangzhou and Shanghai. Cloth and salt produced in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are transported from here to Jiangxi. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Wang Qiren, a Zhangxi wood merchant in Wuyuan and the originator of Changzhou wood industry, was moved by the story of Zhelin's sloping, and invested huge sums of money to build 36 tea kiosks from Xiuning to Zhelin, and repaired Wanshan Temple. Over the years, he invited monks to bury their deaths on business trips. Ruo Ling ancient road is a thousand-year-old official road connecting ancient Huizhou, Anqing and Ningguo, and it is also the oldest preserved ancient road in ancient Huizhou. After the rise of Huizhou merchants, it became an important transportation artery for grain, salt and mountain goods. For thousands of years, officials have entered the province to enter Beijing, scholars have taken the examination of the province, businessmen have delivered goods, and the people have affection. This is the only way for Huizhou student businessmen and Confucianism to cross the river and go north to Beijing. At that time, Huizhou merchants walked out of Huizhou ancient road and became a unique landscape in Huizhou culture. At first, generations of Huizhou merchants mostly walked out of the mountains and forests in southern Anhui from the ancient Huizhou road and went to the world outside the mountains, creating a myth of an era. References: Huizhou Prefecture Records, Jixi County Records, Qimen County Records, Dalian Ridge on the Red Ancient Road.