1, Qidan "Lu Ye" from grassland to mountain forest
During the Western Jin Dynasty, there were brave and tenacious Khitans in Mongolia, Jilin and Liaoning today. They graze here, bend their bows here, and form a unified whole here under the leadership of Lu Ye Po. In the second year of Zhenming (9 16), the Liao Dynasty, which belonged to the Qidan people, officially began to occupy a place in the history of China.
However, times have changed, and the once invincible Liao army was ended by the Jin army under the last emperor Yelu Yanxi. Later, the Western Liao Dynasty, which was founded by the Khitan Yelv Poetry, was also destroyed by the Mongolian army in the seventh year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (12 14). After that, "Khitan" seems to have disappeared in the torrent of history.
But if we look closely at the history of the Mongols defeating the Khitans, we will find that when the Mongols sent troops south to attack Yunnan, there were a group of Khitans in the Mongolian army. Even the descendants of Lu Ye Baoji, the founding emperor of Liao Dynasty, were among them.
After the Mongolian army arrived in Yunnan, for various practical reasons, these Khitans chose to take root in Yunnan. At first, perhaps to ensure the safety of the population, the Khitans did not take "Lu Ye" or "A" as their surnames. The early Khitans who settled in Yunnan, such as Manggutai, Miansige, the eldest son of Ahai, Zhuge, the eldest son of Tuhua, Maizhu, Bao Tong, the eldest son of Mangudai, and the second son of Chi and Mangudai, Wang Zabuha (China), did not have the word "Lu Ye" in their names.
However, after the fire, you became popular, and the three sons of the fire resumed the surname of "Lu Ye". Zhou and Cheng, the 15th grandsons of Bao Ji, are in Yunnan, but their surnames have always been connected with their ancestors in the north.
In the 15th year of Hongwu (1384), Gump, a descendant of Qidan, was appointed by Daming as the deputy governor of Shidian's lawsuit. After Forrest Gump, the Qidan people in Yunnan took "A" as their surname. "Lu Ye" is getting ugly in Yunnan. In the generation of Forrest Gump's grandson Adulu, the surname "Mang" appeared among the descendants of Qidan in Yunnan. Adulu is considered to be the ancestor of Mang. During the Yongzheng period, a group of descendants of Mangqidan also changed their surnames to "Jiang".
Today, although "Mang" is no longer the common surname of the descendants of Qidan in Yunnan, many villages where the descendants of Qidan originally lived, such as "Wangmang Village" and "Lin Mang Village", still retain the traces of "Mang". "Jiang" and surnames such as Li, Zhao and Liu, which are considered to be closely related to the descendants of Qidan, are still widespread. The Khitans of Yeluboji generation, whom we are familiar with, have long since disappeared in the grasslands in the north, but the descendants of the Khitans are still active in Shidian, Baoshan, Longling and other places in Yunnan.
2. Jurchen "Hong Yan" from northeast to northwest.
In many people's understanding, the founder of the Qing Dynasty was Manchu, and Manchu came from Jurchen, so Hong Yan, the founder of Jurchen regime, was probably a family with Huang Taiji and the emperor shunzhi. It is true that the Manchu people who founded the Qing Dynasty originated from the Jurchen nationality. However, this "jurchen" is actually the "Shen Zhu clan" formed on the basis of Nurhachi's unification of various ministries, rather than the jurchen who supported Akuta in resisting the cruel rule of Liao. In that case, where did Jurchen Yan Hong go?
According to the Records of Jingzhou Local Records written in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, similar to the Khitan nationality defeated by the Mongolian army, the Wan Yan family was also faced with the choice of fleeing or supporting Mongolia after being wiped out by the Mongols. Because many people in the Wan Yan family have taken root in Jingzhou in the northwest, it has become the first choice for the Wan Yan family to flee to Guanlong, including Jingzhou.
Because the Wan Yan family, who had already lived in Jingzhou, Gansu Province, was powerful, after Wan Yan Cheng Lin, who hastily ascended the throne and became the last emperor of the Jin Dynasty, died in battle, the courtiers who supported Wan Yan Cheng Lin also transported his body thousands of miles to Jingzhou. Therefore, the families who finally settled in Jingzhou mainly include three groups: followers of the first king, Wan Yanhong, new followers and diaspora.
After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the descendants of Wan Yan's family were favored by the Qing court because they were all northern jurchen. Previously, he lived in seclusion in Jingchuan, which was not prosperous for a long time. Later, he didn't have to hide it, and Hong Yan's descendants always used their ancestors' surnames. So in today's Jingchuan, there are not only a large number of monuments related to the Hong Yan family, but also many descendants of Hong Yan inherited the fine traditions of their ancestors.
If one day you go to Yunnan or Gansu, where you meet friends whose surname is Jiang, or who live in "Mangwangzhai" and other places, then maybe you can still feel the glory of YeLvdashi or Akuta from them. Although the Khitan and Jurchen Hong Yan families have long since passed away, their excellent qualities have not been cut off.