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mbth цезар?.
Famous figure Ivan IV Peter the Great
The "sand" in the word "царь" comes from the transliteration of the Latin Caesar (цезарь).
The origin of a word
The word "sand" in the Tsar (царь) comes from the Latin translation of Caesar (цезарь), цар.
Ivan IV later adopted the Tsar as his title, which was translated into царь(Tsar) in Russia.
The Chinese translation of "Tsar" is a combination of transliteration of "Sha" and "Huang" representing identity (Russia was already an empire at that time). The supreme ruler of Russia.
meaning
In medieval Russia, the title of czar refers to the supreme ruler. Early Russians believed that the Byzantine Empire was the heir of the Roman Empire and the center of the universe. Russians respect the Byzantine monarch as the "Tsar", while the Russian Grand Duke is the minister of the Byzantine Tsar. On the other hand, they also called the Old Testament characters czars.
/kloc-In the 3rd century, the appalling rule of Mongolian Tatars, coupled with the powerful Mongolian Khan marrying the Byzantine princess as the queen, made the Russians call the Mongolian Khan the "Tsar" instead, and the Russian Grand Duke was the minister of the Mongolian "Tsar" (that is, the Mongolian Khan).
However, with the decline of Mongols, Russians are no longer willing to call Mongolian Khan Tsar, but they never dare to formally call themselves Tsar.
Simon the Great
1547 65438+1October 16, the grand duke of Moscow, Ivan IV, made an important speech, upgrading the grand duke to czar, with the title of czar Russia (kingdom period). Ivan IV broke all the power restrictions on the tsar, and the feudal regime was changed to the tsar's autocratic regime, so Ivan the Great became the first tsar. After Peter I (Peter the Great) upgraded the czar to emperor in 172 1 year, Russia officially became an empire, but czar and czar Russia were generally referred to as the monarch and country of the Russian empire.
In Bulgaria, the Bulgarian emperor Simon I (Simon the Great) upgraded Dagong to czar in 9 13, and changed his title to the Kingdom of Bulgaria. In 925, the Eastern Roman Empire was forced to be awarded the title of "Emperor of Bulgaria and Greece", that is, to become emperor, which was once called the Bulgarian Empire. Special attention: "The Emperor of the Greeks" is the title of the Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Saying that the czar is a Russian transliteration of Caesar is actually a kind of attachment. The word czar first appeared in Bulgaria in Europe in the 10 century. Simon the Great fought against the Eastern Roman Empire all his life, and naturally he would not worship Caesar, the de facto founder of the Roman Empire. It is even more impossible to use the word Caesar as his title and king's position. Simon the Great was later regarded as the emperor by the Eastern Roman Empire, which also showed that the czar was a king, not an emperor.
In Russia, the title of Tsar is as follows: by the grace of God, Russian emperors and dictators, Moscow, Kiev, Vladimir and Novgorod, Kazan, astrakhan, Poland, Siberia, Torik Celso Nesos and Tsar of Georgia, Lord Pskov, Smolensk, Lithuania, Voronia, Grand Duke of Puerto Rico and Finland, Estonia, Livonia, Kurland, Semir. Princes of Vyatka, Baurgard and other regions, Nizhny Novgorod, chernigov, Ryazan, Polotsk, Rostov, yaroslavl, Beloyol, Udoria, Obdolia, Kondia, Vitebsk, Mzislav and all the princes of northern regions, lords of Catalli, Denia, Cabal and Armenia, princes of Celka and mountainous regions, and other hereditary lords and rulers.
Reference from Baidu Encyclopedia:/Subview/74400/5665696.htm # viewpagecontent