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Does anyone know the background of the old man on the Korean coin?
Korean currency is issued by the Bank of Korea, the central bank of Korea, and the monetary unit is "won". At present, there are three denominations of 1000, 5000 and 10000 for paper money, and four denominations of 10, 50, 100 and 500 for coins. Among these currencies, there are also many anecdotes about Korean history. Ordinary people can have a general understanding of the important figures and events in the history of the Korean dynasty as long as they take out these coins of different sizes and study them a little and understand the origin of the patterns on them.

Look at the largest denomination 10000 notes first. On the right side of the banknote is a bust of King Sejong.

Sejong (Li Mao, upright character. 1397- 1450) is undoubtedly the most literary monarch among the kings of the Korean dynasty, and is known as the "Saint Sejong". Sejong loved reading since he was a child, and his boyhood was probably spent among books. The Record of the Korean Dynasty records a story about the bookworm's life in Sejong's youth. Sejong loved reading when he was young and forgot to eat and sleep. Emperor Taizong, the father of Sejong, was deeply distressed to see his weak son holding books all day. He had to secretly tell the imperial secretary to hide his son's book quietly and let the nerd have a rest. When Sejong was away, the people in the palace put away all the books. Sejong was very depressed when he found that all the books were gone. Just then, he found a book on the floor, which he didn't take away in time. Sejong was very happy. He ran to pick it up, sat down and read it with relish. Seeing this, Emperor Taizong shook his head and said to the left and right, "I never tire of learning. It seems that it is really in our nature."

When I was a teenager, I liked culture, which inevitably had a great influence on Sejong after I acceded to the throne. Sejong treats literati well, regardless of status and position, and appoints talented people. Sejong's most brilliant achievement was to gather many people of insight at that time, set up Yin Zhengtang in Jixian Hall, and created Andrew for cultivating talents. The Korean alphabet we see today is the masterpiece of King Sejong. Language is the soul of a nation, and Sejong, who created the Korean national language, has since become the greatest figure in Korean history.

Sejong not only made outstanding contributions in culture, but also made great achievements in politics, economy and military affairs. The omnipotent king won the first place in the paper currency ranking and was printed on the paper currency with the largest face value of 10000.

10000 won banknote has the pattern of Qinghui Building in Gyeongbokgung Palace, Seoul.

Qinghui Building is an important hall in Korean traditional architecture, both in scale and aesthetics. Gyeongbokgung Palace was built in the era of Li Chenggui, the great ancestor of Korea, and Qinghui Building was built on an island in the palace. It was expanded in the era of Emperor Taizong Li Fangyuan and Sejong. It is a place for holding large-scale banquet activities and receiving foreign envoys. On a moonlit night, the scenery of Qinghui Building bathed in the breeze is quite elegant. There are three interfaces on the pond in front of the museum for people of different identities to use. The pattern of four elephants carved on the stone bridge is said to have the effect of avoiding evil spirits and benefiting Lu. It's a pity that these beasts can't protect qinghui Tower for a long time. In the Renchen Rebellion, this elegant temple was set on fire. The qinghui Building we see now was rebuilt during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.

The name on the 5000 yuan note is Li Er. 1536- 1584) is a famous scholar who was active in the middle of the Korean dynasty.

It is said that Li Er is a boy given by the East China Sea Fairy. Before giving birth to a child, his mother dreamed of the Qinglong in Wuzhuxuan, so he was nicknamed "Fairy Dragon". This immortal grandson studied with his mother when he was a child, and passed the first examination of Jinshi at the age of 13. He was named the top scholar in later student exams and liberal arts, and served as a supervisor of Huang, a big secretary and official of Cao, a criminal Cao and a soldier Cao. In terms of knowledge, he is a sexologist alongside Kun Li who retired from the West, and they established the Korean sexology system. Lear criticized Li Wei's theory and developed his own thought, which was called the Coulee School. King Lear devoted himself to applying knowledge to practical politics and made unremitting efforts to implement the Great Harmony Law and the Treasurer. But judging from his political deeds, it seems that his ideas were not immediately adopted by the king. His foresight is often proved afterwards.

It is said that when King Lear was at home, he ordered people to go to the Huashi Pavilion near the Linjin River when they were free and color the columns in the pavilion. When people heard this strange order from the host, they couldn't restrain their curiosity and asked them why they did it. King Lear didn't explain much at that time. He just asked people to do what he wanted. Anyway, he would need it later. Li Er died on 1584. Eight years after his death, the Japanese rebellion broke out in Renchen, and the Korean army was defeated by the Japanese army. King Xuanzu had to stay in Linjin River. It was late at night, the river was opaque, and the Japanese army was chasing after it. Xuanzu's retinue team is holding an oil lamp, and the light shines on the painted pillars of Huashiguan, reflecting around, and the riverside area is immediately illuminated. Thanks to these pillars, Xuanzu was able to cross the river safely, otherwise the king of a country was captured and the tide was gone.

On the back of the 5000-yuan note, Li Er's birthplace, Wu, is printed. Wu, located in Jiangling, gangwon, is the mother's home of Shen Renshan, a talented female teacher. At that time, it was popular in North Korea for daughters to go back to their hometown to have children. This is a mansion with far-reaching historical significance, which was built in the last years of the Koryo Dynasty and was the residence of Saint Cui Zhiyun. Later, his son Cui Yingxian passed it on to his son-in-law, and passed it on to his son-in-law, Shen, Li Er's grandfather. Wu Zhuxuan is now the Wu Zhuxuan Municipal Museum.

Here, I would like to make a special mention of Li Er's famous mother, Shen Renshan, who is knowledgeable and especially good at painting. At a gathering of a scholar-bureaucrat and a lady, the maid accidentally spilled tea on a lady's skirt, which she borrowed from others, so she felt very anxious. At this time, Shen Renshan asked the lady to take off her skirt, and she drew it on the stain of the skirt with a brush. Under her delicate brush strokes, the stains on the tea leaves turned into vivid grapes and young leaves. This dyed skirt really sold a lot of money later, enough to buy back several silk skirts.

65,438+0,000 won is the lowest face value of paper money, written by Hao Jing, a scholar in the middle of the Korean dynasty. 150 1- 1570) is the previous pattern.

Meng Li, as well as Li Er, is regarded as two pioneers of Korean sexology. In terms of qualifications, Kun Li is Li Er's predecessor. Although Li Er criticized Kun Li's theory, he also inherited it. Li Yun's thoughts have influenced the Guli School, Lingnan School and Jihu School, and he is a representative of Korean Neo-Confucianism. At that time, there were many literati who followed Kun Li, among them, there were many people with status in the imperial court, such as Liu Chenglong, Li Shanhai and so on. It can be seen that pushing the West was the mainstream of academic circles at that time.

Li Wei claimed to be a descendant of Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, and Confucian dogma was embodied in every detail of his life. From this perspective, Kun Li is undoubtedly the defender of Taoism. At the age of sixty-nine, Li Kun wanted to quit his right-wing post and return to his hometown because of the deterioration of his condition. King Xuanzu disagreed. He wanted to keep Li Kun in his own court. At this point, Li Er visited the house and advised him to continue to assist the young Xuanzu of the imperial court, but Kun Li resolutely refused. He said: "Theoretically, as a courtier, you should not leave the court. But I'm too ill to shoulder the heavy responsibility, and it's time to abdicate. It will bring a bad atmosphere to the court to occupy your own position and not do your own work. " Li Jue believes that loyalty to the monarch does not necessarily have to stay in the court, but consciously leaves the court because of old age and illness. This is a sign of loyalty. Although I have left, my heart is still with the king. The relationship between monarch and minister is maintained by righteousness, which is the concept of "loyalty" in Liu Yun's mind.

1000 On the back of the note is Taoshan Academy, located in Anton City, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Li Wei started a private school here before his death, and trained a large number of students. After his death, his students set up this school here in memory of this famous Confucian scholar. Taoshan Academy is the study and research center of North Korea Eighth Road. Taoshan Academy became one of the few surviving academies in the wave of abandoned academies in the last years of the Korean Dynasty. The college has a large collection of Li Wei's relics.

The patterns on Korean banknotes are basically cultural celebrities and cultural relics, and elegant ancient styles are coming. If a country's banknotes are a country's business cards, then the design of national business cards in South Korea is undoubtedly quite successful. In addition, I don't know if you have found out that all the characters on these banknotes belong to Lee's Korean dynasty, and they are all surnamed Lee. This is also a very interesting phenomenon. ?

1000 yuan note, likui jy or Taoshan Academy, which embodies the spirit of literati?

Li Wei? [ 150 1? ~? 1570] Together with Li Er, they are considered as two pioneers of sexology. Kun Li, who once "pointed out the maze", resolutely resigned from the official position of 1559 and returned to his hometown to concentrate on learning knowledge and training his disciples.

Taoshan Academy? Located in Anton City, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Li Wei taught in Taoshan Private School before his death and trained a large number of students. After his death, the college was founded by students and disciples. Li Ming is knowledgeable and positive. Therefore, this academy, built to commemorate his spirit of hard study, is also highly respected by the court and academic circles. Although it has been dead for hundreds of years, it is still a gathering place of Qingshang Taoism and Confucianism. In the last years of Korea, academies were abolished one after another, but only here and two other places were pardoned; There are more than 4,000 books and articles that Li Yun used before his death.

Li Er and his former residence-Wu Zhuxuan on the 5000 yuan paper money.

Lear? [ 1536- 1584]? Before the age of 29, he took nine official exams and ranked first every time, so he became a generation of "romantic figures"; And Li Wei (150 1? ~? 1570) is considered as the "two pioneers" of sexology. He has boldly put forward a variety of political thoughts and sexual theories and tried to apply them to actual politics, but he has experienced many ups and downs.

Wuzhuxuan, located in Gangneung City, gangwon, was built during the reign of Emperor Zhong of Korea (1506- 1544), which is the oldest residential building at present. Wuzhuxuan on the front of the 5,000-yuan note is the former residence of Li Er, a famous scholar and politician in the Korean era, and the birthplace of Shen Shirentang (1504- 155 1), the first female painter in the Korean era.

King Sejong and the ten thousand yuan notes upstairs in qinghui of Jingfu Palace.

King sejong? [At the location 14 18? -? 1450] is the fourth generation emperor of the Korean dynasty. He not only created Korean characters that are still used today, but also made great achievements in politics, economy and culture. Next to the head of King Sejong, there is also an automatic water leakage built in 1438. This leak, built by the most famous scientist at that time, was ordered by Emperor Sejong and not preserved, but it was improved on the basis of 1536 and is still preserved in Deshou Palace. It is said that at a fixed time, a villain will automatically come out to beat gongs and drums and broadcast the time.

In terms of scale and beauty, Gyeongbokgung Palace is the most typical exhibition hall in Korea. Although today, there are lush forests and benches around for tourists to rest, it was not allowed to enter and leave here hundreds of years ago. It was originally built by Emperor Taizong (1367~ 1422), the father of King Sejong (1937~ 1450). At that time, there was an island in the pond of Gyeongbokgung Palace, and the qinghui Building was located on this island, which was later expanded during the Sejong period. It used to be a place for holding large-scale national celebrations and hosting diplomatic envoys, but it was destroyed by fire during the Japanese rebellion in Renchen (1592~ 1598).

On the back of the 06 version of the ten thousand yuan note, there are pictures such as celestial planetary dividing line, Puxian Mountain 1.8 meter telescope, armillary sphere and so on. The Bank of Korea also issued a statement saying that "the armillary sphere used in the design of banknotes is part of the armillary sphere watch. Although the armillary sphere was first made in China, it has various forms. It is unreasonable to think that the armillary sphere on the banknote is made in China. There is a globe in the middle of the armillary sphere in the armillary sphere watch. This design is original in Korea. " ? South Korean newspapers criticized that the Bank of Korea only considered the pattern design, ignoring the scientific and historical significance of the banknote pattern. Korean historians point out that it is inappropriate for the Bank of Korea to print the astronomical observatory invented by China on Korean currency, which may make people mistakenly think that the celestial observatory is a scientific achievement of South Korea. Regarding the criticism of scientists, South Korea's Chosun Ilbo analyzed that another main reason for this incident was that there were no scientific and historical experts in the bank's monetary model advisory committee.

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