1. "The ancestor of China's poetry" Yin Jifu
The year of birth and death is unknown. Fang Ling (now Fangxian) was born in Qingfeng, surnamed Jia, whose name was Jifu. After his death, he was buried in Qingfeng Mountain, the minister of Zhou Xuanwang. The first politician, philosopher and strategist in Hubei history is the main editor and representative author of The Book of Songs. Known as "the ancestor of China's poetry". Yin Jifu's tombs, temples and inscriptions are still preserved in Fangxian County.
2. Qu (Yuan) Song (Yu) Ci Fu
Qu Yuan (about 340- 275 BC) was born in Danyang (now Zigui) in the Warring States Period. At first, he assisted Wang Huai and worked as a doctor in San Lv. Later, he was dismissed from office and was exiled as a king, cruising in the Yuan Xianghe River Basin. After Qi breached Ying, he threw himself into the river. He is the author of such unfortunate works as Li Sao, Tian Wen and Tian Wen.
Song Yu (290- 223 BC) was also known as Ziyuan. During the Warring States period, he was a man (now Yicheng). Born after Qu Yuan, he was still a disciple of Qu Yuan. He used to be the king's assistant. Good ci fu, a ci fu writer after Qu Yuan. According to legend, there are many ci-fu. There are 16 ci-fu in the thirty volumes of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, and there are many today. Popular works include Nine Borders, Feng Fu, Gao, and Ode to a Disciple.
3. Meng Haoran, a landscape pastoral poet
(689-740) Xiangyang people. He is one of the main writers of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Because I have never been an official, I am also called Monsanto. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Poems such as Wang Wei, Wang Meng. Every time, his poems are unintentional, clear and extraordinary, unexpected, long and shallow, with its own spring sound on the rocks and the wind coming to Panasonic. There is Meng Haoran's collection.
According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 2,000 poems written by Jingchu poets in the Tang Dynasty. Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty, there are famous poets Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Shuo, Chen Ziang, Wang Wei, Cen Can, Li Shangyin, Yuan Zhen, Liu Zongyuan, Du Mu, Liu Yuxi, Han Yu, Wang Jian, Qian Qi, Wen and Pi Rixiu. They were attracted by the scenery of Jingchu, or intoxicated by the mountains and rivers of Jingchu, and naturally influenced by Jingchu culture, leaving many magnificent poems immortal.
Four. Lu Yu, Cha Sheng
(703-804) was born in Jingling, Fuzhou (now Tianmen, Hubei) in Tang Dynasty. He loved tea all his life and was good at tea ceremony. He is famous for the world's first monograph on tea, Tea Classic. Lu Yu is versatile. In addition to The Book of Tea, there are many other works, but few have been handed down.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Yuan Hongdao and Public Security School
Yuan Hongdao (1568- 16 10) was a writer in Ming dynasty. Words are good, words are not learned, and teachers are good. Public security personnel. In literature, Hongdao opposed the ethos that "literature must be in Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must flourish in Tang Dynasty" and put forward the theory of "expressing one's own spirit and not sticking to one pattern". Along with elder brother Yuan Zongdao and elder brother Yuan Zhongdao, they are called "Three Gardens of Public Security".
Public security school is an important school in late Ming literature. The main founders are "Sanyuan", namely Yuan Zongdao 1560- 1600), Yuan Hongdao (1568- 16 10) and Yuan Zhongdao (1570-/kloc). The "public security school" opposes the retro school's use of archaize, archaize and stereotyped writing to bind the author's personality, which is of progressive significance.
6. Zhong Xing and Jingling School
Zhong Xing (1574- 1624) was a writer in the Ming dynasty. The word Bojing, the number Tugu, Huguang Jingling (now under the door) people. Thirty-eight years of Wanli (16 10), Jinshi. He used to be the minister of the Ministry of Industry. In the forty-fourth year of Wanli (16 16), he climbed Mount Tai with Lin Gu. Later officials went to Fujian to study. Soon he resigned and returned to China, studied behind closed doors and entered the temple in his later years. He is cold and doesn't like to meet vulgar guests, so he has to thank others and study history books. He and Tan jointly selected Tang Guigui and Ancient Poetry Guigui (see Poetry Guigui), which became famous for a while and formed Jingling School, known as Zhong Tan in the world.
Jingling School is a literary school that appeared at the same time as "Gongan School". Its founders are Zhong Xing and Tan Cong Jingling (Today Gate). The literary view of Jingling School is basically consistent with that of Gongan School. They opposed the imitation of ancient times and advocated expressing the spirit, which played a certain role in the development of prose at that time.
7. Jiayu Erli
In the Ming Dynasty, a pair of famous brothers, Li Chengfang and Li Chengji, were born in Jiayu, Hubei Province. They both made great achievements in literature. People call it "Jiayu Erli".
Li Chengfang
Birth and death are unknown every year. The word Mao Qing. Xiao Zong Hongzhi was alive four years ago. Hongzhi was a scholar for three years (1490). Comments on Guandali Temple. Fang Cheng is the author of fifteen volumes of Dongqiao Collection, and the general catalogue of Si Ku has been handed down from generation to generation.
Li Chengji
(1452- 1505), Shi Qing, No. Hongzhi was a scholar for three years (1490). I went to Chen Xianzhang, a scholar from Xinhui in the south of Wuling (now Guangzhou), and then I went to study in seclusion in Huanggongshan, Jiayu. He also built a platform in the western foothills of Huanggong Mountain to fish with a pole for his own use. He is the author of 20 volumes of Cliff Collection.
Eight. Wei Wu and Jiangxia School
Wei Wu is an Amin painter. The word Weng, the word Shi Ying, and the word filial piety. Jiangxia (now Wuhan, Hubei) people. Lonely since childhood, but cool, like painting, excellent. Later, he went to Jinling, where he became famous. He was called into the palace by Ming Xianzong to paint and was awarded the title of Royal Guards. Filial piety awarded 100 Royal Guards and a seal of "painting champion". Fine landscapes are the best at drawing people. He is on par with Du Jin, Shen Zhou and Guo Yi. After the maturity of Wei Wu's painting art, he gradually got rid of the shackles of his predecessors, and became a "Zhejiang School" and a pioneer of "Jiangxia School". , Zhang Lu,,, Song,, Wang Yi, etc. They are called "Jiangxia School". The representative works are: The Picture of Picking Zhi, Legend of Immortals, The Picture of Immortals, The Picture of Fishing Boat in Xishan Mountain, The Picture of People, The Picture of Immortals, etc.
9. Dr. Li Shizhen
The word (15 18- 1593) is the east wall, and its name is the old man near the lake. Qi zhou (now Qichun) was born. Medical scientist in Ming dynasty. He studied Confucianism when he was young and later became a doctor. I have studied ancient medical books, collected herbs in the mountains and collected folk experience. I feel that there are many fallacies in materia medica in the past 27 years, and it has been written into 52 volumes of Compendium of Materia Medica, with about 654.38+0.9 million words. There are also studies on pulse science and meridians, such as Hu Ling's Pulse Science and Qi Jing's Eight Pulse Diagnosis. However, medical works such as Five Zang-organs Graph Theory and Ming Men Kao have been lost. In addition to his achievements in medicine, he is also an excellent poet and painter. He wrote many poems in his life, all of which were included in his Collection of Poems in Guo+Guo Museum, and he also wrote some poems. Unfortunately, all these poems have been lost, only two of them are Wu Mingqing's "Henan belongs to Li" and "Painting Plums on Snow Lake". Besides, Li Shizhen is a good painter. His Compendium of Materia Medica is also a very distinctive painting spectrum, with 1227 pictures of drug morphology attached in front of the book.
X. Historical geographer Yang Shoujing
(1839-1915) In his later years, the word Xing Wu was named the old man from the neighboring Soviet Union. Yidu people are outstanding historical geographers, inscriptions, catalogue collators, calligraphy artists and book collectors in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and are known as "the first learner in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China". In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), 1874 was admitted to the National History Museum. 1880 to 1884 as the attache of the ambassador to Japan. After returning to China, he successively served as the chief provost of Huanggang Teaching, Hubei Hunan Academy and Qin Cheng (Hougenggu) School. 1909 was promoted to consultant of the Ministry of Ritual, and was hired as editor of Hubei Notification Bureau the following year. 19 15 65438+ died in Beijing on 10. There are 83 works such as maps and water classics, which have been handed down from generation to generation.
In addition, there are:
1. Liu Biao and Jingzhou School
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Liu Biao was in charge of Jingzhou (196-208), he set up a scholar officer in Xiangyang. Trying to recruit talents from all over the world, celebrities gathered for a time, and the "Jingzhou School" was born and became famous. Liu Biao ordered Zhong Song to organize Confucian scholars to write five classics and five sentences, which was the first time that the study of China's classical works was included in the official school. Due to the academic activities of representatives of Jingzhou School, such as,, Xie Gai, etc., the study of ancient Chinese classics is popular in Jingzhou, and it competes with Zheng (Xuan) Confucian classics in the Yellow River basin. For the first time, Hubei became a veritable national academic and cultural hall.
2. Wang Dunhuang (1849 ——1931) was born in Macheng, Hubei (about Hanzhong, Shaanxi). Real name Yuan Rou, recorded as Yuan, recorded as. Poor family, fleeing everywhere for food and clothing. In the early years of Guangxu in Qing dynasty, he joined the Suzhou patrol camp as a soldier. After serving Taoism, leaving the army and being appointed as a Taoist, he traveled far in Xinjiang. About light 2. Wang and Dunhuang studies
(1849 ——1931) Macheng, Hubei (Hanzhong, Shaanxi). Real name Yuan Rou, recorded as Yuan, recorded as. Poor family, fleeing everywhere for food and clothing. In the early years of Guangxu in Qing dynasty, he joined the Suzhou patrol camp as a soldier. After serving Taoism, leaving the army and being appointed as a Taoist, he traveled far in Xinjiang. About the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), he went to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. At that time, there were three temples around the Mogao Grottoes, namely, the upper, middle and lower temples. The upper and middle monasteries have always been inhabited by lamas of Tibetan Buddhism, while the lower temple with the thousand Buddha caves as the main body has long been abandoned and neglected. So, Wang stayed in Xiasi, gradually renovated the damaged grottoes, transformed a small part into Taoist temples, and found the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' Buddhist scriptures cave in Cave 16, which shocked China and foreign countries. 193 1 year,
Wang died at the age of 80. That is, it was buried on the east bank of Daquan River in front of Mogao Grottoes. On July 3 of the same year, his disciples erected a monument to his tomb, which recorded the process of his discovery of the Tibetan Sutra Cave.
3. Excellent talents in Huanggang
Huanggang has outstanding people and outstanding talents, covering politics, economy, military affairs, science and technology, culture and religion. There are not many famous scholars, scientists and writers born here. There are Xiong Shili, a philosopher who initiated the "new epistemology", Xu, a "modern scholar", Li Siguang, the "father of China Glacier", Wen Yiduo, a famous poet, professor and democracy fighter, Hu Feng, a literary theorist, Huang Kan, a master of Chinese studies, Wang Baoxin, a historian of historical documents and local chronicles, and Tang Yongtong, an academic master who runs through China, the West and India.
What is even more intriguing is that through the noise and diversity, people may find a strange cultural code: Guan Yu and Zhuge Liang, the embodiment of loyalty and wisdom respected by the Chinese nation. Although the ancestral home has nothing to do with Hubei, the character is tempered in Hubei and the knowledge is sublimated in Jingchu. Hubei has created Guan Gong, a warrior, and Kong Ming, a sage.
Guan Yu (? -220) The word cloud is long and beautiful. Binzhou Hedong Jiezhou (now Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province) people. He was a former general of the Shu-Han regime, and he was known as Hou Ting of Hanshou. In the winter of twenty-four years of Jian 'an, he retreated to Dangyang Maicheng and was killed. It is called "Miao Zhuang Hou".
Zhuge Liang (18 1-234) was named Kongming, whose name was Wolong. Langya Yang Du (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province) was the prime minister of Shu and Han, an outstanding politician, diplomat, inventor and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. In the twelfth year of Jian 'an (207), Liu Bei visited Xiangyang Caotang, and Zhuge Liang proposed Longzhong's right, which became famous in one fell swoop. When he was alive, he was named Wuxiang Hou, and he was called Zhong Wuhou.
Mifei (1051-about 1 108) people stamps, numbered Xiangyang Mantu, Haiyue Waishi. Originally from Shanxi, he moved to Xiangyang and was called "Mi Xiangyang". Mi Fei and his eldest son Mi Youren's paintings and calligraphy are a must. Both father and son are good at landscape painting and calligraphy. Mi Fei was named Xiangyang Manshi, and he was also called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. His works include History of Books, History of Painting, History of Ink, Famous sayings of Haiyue, etc.
Comment on Yin Jifu, the "Father of China's Poetry"
The year of birth and death is unknown. Fang Ling (now Fangxian) was born in Qingfeng, surnamed Jia, whose name was Jifu. After his death, he was buried in Qingfeng Mountain, the minister of Zhou Xuanwang. The first politician, philosopher and strategist in Hubei history is the main editor and representative author of The Book of Songs. Known as "the ancestor of China's poetry". Yin Jifu's tombs, temples and inscriptions are still preserved in Fangxian County.
2. Qu (Yuan) Song (Yu) Ci Fu
Qu Yuan (about 340- 275 BC) was born in Danyang (now Zigui) in the Warring States Period. At first, he assisted Wang Huai and worked as a doctor in San Lv. Later, he was dismissed from office and was exiled as a king, cruising in the Yuan Xianghe River Basin. After Qi breached Ying, he threw himself into the river. He is the author of such unfortunate works as Li Sao, Tian Wen and Tian Wen.
Song Yu (290- 223 BC) was also known as Ziyuan. During the Warring States period, he was a man (now Yicheng). Born after Qu Yuan, he was still a disciple of Qu Yuan. He used to be the king's assistant. Good ci fu, a ci fu writer after Qu Yuan. According to legend, there are many ci-fu. There are 16 ci-fu in the thirty volumes of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, and there are many today. Popular works include Nine Borders, Feng Fu, Gao, and Ode to a Disciple.
3. Meng Haoran, a landscape pastoral poet
(689-740) Xiangyang people. He is one of the main writers of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Because I have never been an official, I am also called Monsanto. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Poems such as Wang Wei, Wang Meng. Every time, his poems are unintentional, clear and extraordinary, unexpected, long and shallow, with its own spring sound on the rocks and the wind coming to Panasonic. There is Meng Haoran's collection.
According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 2,000 poems written by Jingchu poets in the Tang Dynasty. Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty, there are famous poets Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Shuo, Chen Ziang, Wang Wei, Cen Can, Li Shangyin, Yuan Zhen, Liu Zongyuan, Du Mu, Liu Yuxi, Han Yu, Wang Jian, Qian Qi, Wen and Pi Rixiu. They were attracted by the scenery of Jingchu, or intoxicated by the mountains and rivers of Jingchu, and naturally influenced by Jingchu culture, leaving many magnificent poems immortal.
Four. Lu Yu, Cha Sheng
(703-804) was born in Jingling, Fuzhou (now Tianmen, Hubei) in Tang Dynasty. He loved tea all his life and was good at tea ceremony. He is famous for the world's first monograph on tea, Tea Classic. Lu Yu is versatile. In addition to The Book of Tea, there are many other works, but few have been handed down.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Yuan Hongdao and Public Security School
Yuan Hongdao (1568- 16 10) was a writer in Ming dynasty. Words are good, words are not learned, and teachers are good. Public security personnel. In literature, Hongdao opposed the ethos that "literature must be in Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must flourish in Tang Dynasty" and put forward the theory of "expressing one's own spirit and not sticking to one pattern". Along with elder brother Yuan Zongdao and elder brother Yuan Zhongdao, they are called "Three Gardens of Public Security".
Public security school is an important school in late Ming literature. The main founders are "Sanyuan", namely Yuan Zongdao 1560- 1600), Yuan Hongdao (1568- 16 10) and Yuan Zhongdao (1570-/kloc). The "public security school" opposes the retro school's use of archaize, archaize and stereotyped writing to bind the author's personality, which is of progressive significance.
6. Zhong Xing and Jingling School
Zhong Xing (1574- 1624) was a writer in the Ming dynasty. The word Bojing, the number Tugu, Huguang Jingling (now under the door) people. Thirty-eight years of Wanli (16 10), Jinshi. He used to be the minister of the Ministry of Industry. In the forty-fourth year of Wanli (16 16), he climbed Mount Tai with Lin Gu. Later officials went to Fujian to study. Soon he resigned and returned to China, studied behind closed doors and entered the temple in his later years. He is cold and doesn't like to meet vulgar guests, so he has to thank others and study history books. He and Tan jointly selected Tang Guigui and Ancient Poetry Guigui (see Poetry Guigui), which became famous for a while and formed Jingling School, known as Zhong Tan in the world.
Jingling School is a literary school that appeared at the same time as "Gongan School". Its founders are Zhong Xing and Tan Cong Jingling (Today Gate). The literary view of Jingling School is basically consistent with that of Gongan School. They opposed the imitation of ancient times and advocated expressing the spirit, which played a certain role in the development of prose at that time.
7. Jiayu Erli
In the Ming Dynasty, a pair of famous brothers, Li Chengfang and Li Chengji, were born in Jiayu, Hubei Province. They both made great achievements in literature. People call it "Jiayu Erli".
Li Chengfang
Birth and death are unknown every year. The word Mao Qing. Xiao Zong Hongzhi was alive four years ago. Hongzhi was a scholar for three years (1490). Comments on Guandali Temple. Fang Cheng is the author of fifteen volumes of Dongqiao Collection, and the general catalogue of Si Ku has been handed down from generation to generation.
Li Chengji
(1452- 1505), Shi Qing, No. Hongzhi was a scholar for three years (1490). I went to Chen Xianzhang, a scholar from Xinhui in the south of Wuling (now Guangzhou), and then I went to study in seclusion in Huanggongshan, Jiayu. He also built a platform in the western foothills of Huanggong Mountain to fish with a pole for his own use. He is the author of 20 volumes of Cliff Collection.
Eight. Wei Wu and Jiangxia School
Wei Wu is an Amin painter. The word Weng, the word Shi Ying, and the word filial piety. Jiangxia (now Wuhan, Hubei) people. Lonely since childhood, but cool, like painting, excellent. Later, he went to Jinling, where he became famous. He was called into the palace by Ming Xianzong to paint and was awarded the title of Royal Guards. Filial piety awarded 100 Royal Guards and a seal of "painting champion". Fine landscapes are the best at drawing people. He is on par with Du Jin, Shen Zhou and Guo Yi. After the maturity of Wei Wu's painting art, he gradually got rid of the shackles of his predecessors, and became a "Zhejiang School" and a pioneer of "Jiangxia School". , Zhang Lu,,, Song,, Wang Yi, etc. They are called "Jiangxia School". The representative works are: The Picture of Picking Zhi, Legend of Immortals, The Picture of Immortals, The Picture of Fishing Boat in Xishan Mountain, The Picture of People, The Picture of Immortals, etc.
9. Dr. Li Shizhen
The word (15 18- 1593) is the east wall, and its name is the old man near the lake. Qi zhou (now Qichun) was born. Medical scientist in Ming dynasty. He studied Confucianism when he was young and later became a doctor. I have studied ancient medical books, collected herbs in the mountains and collected folk experience. I feel that there are many fallacies in materia medica in the past 27 years, and it has been written into 52 volumes of Compendium of Materia Medica, with about 654.38+0.9 million words. There are also studies on pulse science and meridians, such as Hu Ling's Pulse Science and Qi Jing's Eight Pulse Diagnosis. However, medical works such as Five Zang-organs Graph Theory and Ming Men Kao have been lost. In addition to his achievements in medicine, he is also an excellent poet and painter. He wrote many poems in his life, all of which were included in his Collection of Poems in Guo+Guo Museum, and he also wrote some poems. Unfortunately, all these poems have been lost, only two of them are Wu Mingqing's "Henan belongs to Li" and "Painting Plums on Snow Lake". Besides, Li Shizhen is a good painter. His Compendium of Materia Medica is also a very distinctive painting spectrum, with 1227 pictures of drug morphology attached in front of the book.
X. Historical geographer Yang Shoujing
(1839-1915) In his later years, the word Xing Wu was named the old man from the neighboring Soviet Union. Yidu people are outstanding historical geographers, inscriptions, catalogue collators, calligraphy artists and book collectors in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and are known as "the first learner in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China". In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), 1874 was admitted to the National History Museum. 1880 to 1884 as the attache of the ambassador to Japan. After returning to China, he successively served as the chief provost of Huanggang Teaching, Hubei Hunan Academy and Qin Cheng (Hougenggu) School. 1909 was promoted to consultant of the Ministry of Ritual, and was hired as editor of Hubei Notification Bureau the following year. 19 15 65438+ died in Beijing on 10. There are 83 works such as maps and water classics, which have been handed down from generation to generation.
In addition, there are:
1. Liu Biao and Jingzhou School
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Liu Biao was in charge of Jingzhou (196-208), he set up a scholar officer in Xiangyang. Trying to recruit talents from all over the world, celebrities gathered for a time, and the "Jingzhou School" was born and became famous. Liu Biao ordered Zhong Song to organize Confucian scholars to write five classics and five sentences, which was the first time that Confucian classics were included in official schools. Due to the academic activities of representatives of Jingzhou School, such as,, Xie Gai, etc., Jingzhou Confucian Classics prevailed and competed with Zheng (Xuan) Confucian Classics in the Yellow River Basin. For the first time, Hubei became a veritable national academic and cultural hall.
2. Wang and Dunhuang studies
(1849 ——1931) Macheng, Hubei (Hanzhong, Shaanxi). Real name Yuan Rou, recorded as Yuan, recorded as. Poor family, fleeing everywhere for food and clothing. In the early years of Guangxu in Qing dynasty, he joined the Suzhou patrol camp as a soldier. After serving Taoism, leaving the army and being appointed as a Taoist, he traveled far in Xinjiang. About the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), he went to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. At that time, there were three temples around the Mogao Grottoes, namely, the upper, middle and lower temples. The upper and middle monasteries have always been inhabited by lamas of Tibetan Buddhism, while the lower temple with the thousand Buddha caves as the main body has long been abandoned and neglected. So, Wang stayed in Xiasi, gradually renovated the damaged grottoes, transformed a small part into Taoist temples, and found the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' Buddhist scriptures cave in Cave 16, which shocked China and foreign countries. 193 1 year,
Wang died at the age of 80. That is, it was buried on the east bank of Daquan River in front of Mogao Grottoes. On July 3 of the same year, his disciples erected a monument to his tomb, which recorded the process of his discovery of the Tibetan Sutra Cave.
3. Excellent talents in Huanggang
Huanggang has outstanding people and outstanding talents, covering politics, economy, military affairs, science and technology, culture and religion. There are not many famous scholars, scientists and writers born here. There are Xiong Shili, a philosopher who initiated the "new epistemology", Xu, a "modern scholar", Li Siguang, the "father of China Glacier", Wen Yiduo, a famous poet, professor and democracy fighter, Hu Feng, a literary theorist, Huang Kan, a master of Chinese studies, Wang Baoxin, a historian of historical documents and local chronicles, and Tang Yongtong, an academic master who runs through China, the West and India.
1, a famous patriotic poet Qu Yuan
2. Wu Zixu
3. Pang Tong and Ma Liang were famous counselors in the Three Kingdoms period.
4. Wen Pin, a famous Three Kingdoms star.
5. Lu Yu, Cha Sheng
6. Tang Dynasty poet Meng Haoran