Establishment of the Northeast Territory of China
Kangxi (1654— 1722, Aisingiorro; Michelle Ye was the second emperor of the Qing Dynasty, from 1662 to 1722.
The king reigned for 6 1 year. The Kangxi-Qianlong "Peace and Prosperity" in history started at this time and lasted for more than 260 years in the Qing Dynasty.
The rule was also established during this period. France (1661-1715) and Russian bourbon Kangxi and Louis XIV.
Peter the Great of Romanov Dynasty in China (1682— 1725) just happened at the same time, which also attracted people's attention.
Emperor Kangxi reigned for 6 1 year, leaving a remarkable chapter in the history of China in the domestic and international struggles. In the countryside
During the Kangxi period, China formed a feudal country with a vast territory, numerous nationalities and strong unity.
Under this condition, the feudal economy and culture developed to a new peak, and the territory of China was further unified and stable.
Settings.
Since the establishment of state rule in the Qing Dynasty, the contradictions with western countries are complicated and difficult to solve.
Facing the sinister international situation that China's dynasties have never experienced. Especially the Russian invasion of northeast China.
Region, long-term looting and harassment in the Heilongjiang River Basin, violated the territorial integrity of China, and destroyed all ethnic groups in the border areas of China.
The peaceful life of residents also threatened the rule of the Qing Dynasty. People of all ethnic groups in China and the Qing Dynasty had to strengthen their defenses.
Self-defense counterattack against Russian aggressor troops.
/kloc-In the middle of 0/7th century, Russian colonists began to peep at the territory of China. 1643, Golovic faction of Yakutsk warlord.
An expeditionary force headed by Vasily Boyakov, a clerical officer, with a total of 133 people, fled to Heilongjiang with guns and ammunition.
Submit. This group of invaders burned, killed and looted everywhere, doing all kinds of evil. Their cruelty was criticized by the local Daur people.
Fight bravely. By the time we returned to Yakutsk in the spring of 1646, only 53 of the team 133 were still alive.
1650 1 month, Yerofi Khabarov led 70 Cossacks across the Outer Xing 'an Mountains and invaded Heilongjiang, China.
To the west of the Aerospace Exploration Agency. However, seeing that the people of China were ready, he decided to return to Yakutsk.
Help! 165 1 at the beginning of the year, he led 137 people to flee to Heilongjiang again and captured Jacques city by force. Because of China.
The heroic resistance of the people of all ethnic groups in Northeast China finally drove the invaders out of the Heilongjiang River Basin.
1in the summer of 665, Chernigovski, an exile from Siberia, Russia, gathered a crowd to kill the Russian warlord Ilimsk.
Then he fled to Heilongjiang valley with 84 people and regained jaxa. Their aggression was praised and appointed by the czar.
Chernigovski is the general manager of Albazin (jaxa), and his salary is 2,000 rubles. As a result, the gang killed
The robbers robbed by the Japanese became the official officers and men of Russia. With the support of the czar, they became more fearless.
Not only in Nebuchadnezzar and jaxa, castles were built, fortifications were set up, taxes were extorted, hostages were kidnapped, and colonial farms and slaves were established.
Serving and suppressing local residents of all ethnic groups, but also constantly harassing and expanding to the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang.
In the face of Russia's crazy aggression, Emperor Kangxi strengthened his rule over the Central Plains in order to defend the frontier from.
Foreign aggression, decided to take resolute self-defense measures, send troops to fight back, and completely destroy this group of Russian aggressors.
Emperor Kangxi pursued the policy of military struggle, diplomatic negotiation and enriching frontier defense. He summed up the military and civilians in China.
Over the past 30 years, we have made detailed plans and made detailed preparations based on our experience in fighting against Russian aggressors.
1682 In April, Emperor Kangxi went to Shengjing (now Shenyang) to pay homage to the mausoleum, and then left Fushun, Xingjing and Hadacheng (now Xifeng).
Liu Bianbian went to the shipyard (now Jilin City) in May, sailed on the Songhua River, and personally inspected the border defense situation. In September, Emperor Kangxi
Peng Chun, deputy commander-in-chief and first-class public servant, led hundreds of people to scout the geographical situation and waters near jaxa in the name of catching deer.
Land transportation. 1683 65438+ 10, Tan Lang reported that it was not difficult to capture Russia, as long as he sent 3,000 troops.
Enough people, suggest immediate action. Emperor Kangxi disagreed with this purely military opinion and thought it would
To make more preparations, we should first build cities in Heilongjiang (now Aihui) and Huma to station troops, store grain and build ships.
Only by planning land reclamation and opening up post roads can we win, win and defend.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/683, Emperor Kangxi ordered the establishment of General Heilongjiang, who was appointed by Deputy Commander Sabusu and stationed in Aihui (now Ai).
Hui nationality), and 3,000 soldiers were stationed in three times to defend the Heilongjiang River basin and prepare to annihilate the invading Russian invaders.
While doing a good job in military strikes, the Qing army wrote to Pan many times to try to solve the jaxa problem peacefully.
Russian invaders living in jaxa asked them to leave the territory of China and return to Russia, leaving China residents alone.
Otherwise, the army will be wiped out as soon as it is suppressed. However, the aggressive Russian invaders turned a deaf ear to China's warning.
Recruit new soldiers, strengthen jaxa's troops, and appoint Torbu King, a military aristocrat with combat experience, as the overseer of Albazin.
Came to jaxa to command the operation.
After repeated warnings and persuasion to the Russian invaders failed, Emperor Kangxi decided to send troops to wipe out the gang. 1685
In June, Emperor Kangxi sent commander-in-chief Peng Chun to lead the army to jaxa. When Peng Chun arrived in jaxa, he first sent someone to give it to Emperor Kangxi.
The Tsar's letter and his message to the Russian army in JAXA asked the Russian army to leave China and issued a final warning to the invaders.
On June 23, the high command of the Qing army moved to Yakemen for talks with Russia. The Russian side is stubborn and rude. On June 24,
The Qing army lined up and surrounded jaxa. On the 25th, a group of Russian troops went down the river from Heilongjiang in an attempt to rush into jaxa and be cleared.
The army intercepted the river and launched a fierce battle. More than 40 Russian soldiers were killed. Then, the Qing army set up a cannon and bombarded jaxa violently.
The Russian army suffered heavy casualties and was heartbroken and desperate. Under the surrender of the Qing army, Torbu, the leader of the Russian army, raised the flag.
The Qing army accepted the surrender of the Russian army and adopted a lenient attitude towards them, allowing more than 700 Russian troops to withdraw from jaxa.
The Ergon River returned to Russia, and 45 other Russian soldiers, including Bashili, refused to return home and asked to stay in China.
Return to Aihui with the Qing army.
King Torbu retreated to Nebuchadnezzar from the flying hag, but his ambition to invade China still exists, and he still wants to make a comeback. At this time, by
600 reinforcements led by Peter arrived in Nebuchadnezzar Chu, and the strength of the Russian army increased. At the same time, they found that the Qing army was defeated.
After that, they all withdrew to Aihui and did not stay in jaxa. Therefore, King Torbu and Peter immediately led the army to reoccupy.
According to jaxa, it is necessary to build castle fortifications and raise food and grass in an attempt to fight.
Russian troops have occupied jaxa again, and the Qing dynasty will send troops again. 1686 In March, Emperor Kangxi ordered: Today, Russian troops will return.
Jaxa fortified cities, if you don't do it quickly, you will stick to accumulating grain, which is not easy to figure out. Make general Sabusu, etc. And lead his troops.
2000 people occupied the city of Jacques. In July, Sabusu was ordered to lead more than 2,000 people and 400 Fujian rattan soldiers to Jacques.
Sa, then attack the city and attack. After more than two months of siege, the Russian army suffered heavy losses. At the end of September, the Russian leader asked
Irbukin was killed, and most of the Russian troops in the city died or died of illness. More than 800 Russian troops ended up with only 66 people, and food and ammunition were exhausted.
Exhausted, the Russian army trapped in jaxa had to do nothing.
In order to completely solve the problem of tsarist Russia invading the Heilongjiang River basin and realize the stability and peace of the border, Emperor Kangxi repeatedly
Write a letter to the Tsar, condemning the Russian aggression against China, and suggesting that he withdraw the invading army and send envoys to discuss the world. 1686 September, Qing dynasty
* * * also entrusted the Dutch envoy Bin Xianba, who came back from Beijing, to send a letter to the Russian czar, suggesting a truce and peace talks between the two countries.
Agree on the border together.
1686165438+1October, just as the siege of jaxa was dying, a group of Russian envoys, led by Vinukov and Favo.
Under the leadership of Rove, he came to Beijing from Moscow, submitted the request of the czar to lift the siege of jaxa, and sent special envoy Golovin to China.
A letter agreeing to the border. Emperor Kangxi agreed to the request of the Russian czar and ordered to stop fighting and lift the siege of jaxa.
And realize unilateral withdrawal. 165438+ At the end of October, the Qing army stopped attacking. 1687 In May, the Qing army left jaxa and returned to Aihui.
Waiting for the arrival of the Russian mission. The Jaxa War, which lasted more than two years, ended.
This war was a battle between the people of China and the people of Qing Dynasty to resist Russian aggression, expel the invaders and recover the occupied territory.
Just self-defense war.