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Legend of hanging wormwood on Dragon Boat Festival
What are the customs of Dragon Boat Festival?
Introduction to the name of Dragon Boat Festival
Legend of hanging wormwood on Dragon Boat Festival
According to legend, when Huang Chao rebelled, it was basically a massacre.
One day, when he was leading his troops through a country road, he saw a woman and two children. The woman carried the older child on her back, and the child followed. Huang Chao was surprised. Only after asking did I know that her back was born to her husband's ex-wife and she was her own on the road.
Deeply moved, Huang Chao told the woman and decided not to kill the whole family. Let her hang wormwood and peach branches under the eaves of her house on the morning of Dragon Boat Festival. So the woman told the news to everyone.
So Huang Chao told this order to all the soldiers. Unexpectedly, when they entered the city the next day, the soldiers found peach branches and wormwood hanging in every household in the city. Everyone in this city escaped a bullet.
Huang Chao led the troops through and found peach branches and wormwood hanging in front of everyone's house. I see. It must be that kind woman Huang Chao kept his promise and the army didn't kill anyone in this city.
Later, the story of hanging branches of wormwood peaches in the early morning of the Dragon Boat Festival continued as a custom of maintaining peace.
The Dragon Boat Festival comes from the story of Quyuan throwing himself into the river. At that time, when Qu Yuan participated in politics, he advocated: endowing talents, amending laws and eliminating disadvantages; Externally, it advocates uniting with Qin and insisting on vertical alliance. This idea was opposed and framed by nobles, which led to Qu Yuan's exile.
In 277 BC, Bai Qi attacked the capital of Chu, and Qu Yuan felt the decline of the country, but he could not turn the tide himself. So, on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, he drowned himself in the Miluo River and died.
In memory of the great patriot Qu Yuan, people go to the riverside every year to pay homage to Qu Yuan and express their grief! Later, the fifth day of the fifth lunar month gradually evolved into the Dragon Boat Festival. Every festival, people pack jiaozi and race dragon boats.
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What are the customs of Dragon Boat Festival?
eat Zongzi
Eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival is another traditional custom of China people. Zongzi, also known as "millet" and "Zongzi". It has a long history and various patterns.
According to records, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, millet was wrapped into horns by leaves of zinia latifolia, which was called "horny millet". Rice packed in bamboo tubes is sealed and baked, which is called "tube zongzi". At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, millet soaked in plant ash water. Because the water contains alkali, the millet is wrapped in leaves into a quadrilateral, and when cooked, it becomes Guangdong sour rice dumplings.
In Jin Dynasty, Zongzi was officially designated as Dragon Boat Festival food. At this time, in addition to glutinous rice, jiaozi also added Alpinia oxyphylla, and the boiled jiaozi was called "Yizhi jiaozi". According to the "Yueyang Local Records" written by Zhou people, "It is customary to wrap the millet with leaves, cook it and cook it thoroughly. From May 5 to the summer solstice, one is Zongzi and the other is Xiaomi. " During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, miscellaneous zongzi appeared. Rice is mixed with animal meat, chestnuts, red dates, red beans and so on. And there are more and more varieties. Zongzi is also used as a gift for communication.
In the Tang Dynasty, the rice used for zongzi was "white as jade", and its shape appeared conical and rhombic. There is a record of "Da Tang Zongzi" in Japanese literature. In the Song Dynasty, there was already a "candied jiaozi", that is, fruits entered jiaozi. The poet Su Dongpo has a poem "See Yangmei in Zongzi". At this time, there were also advertisements for building pavilions and wooden chariots and horses with zongzi, indicating that eating zongzi was very fashionable in the Song Dynasty. In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the wrapping material of zongzi changed from leaves to leaves. Later, zongzi wrapped in reed leaves appeared, and additional materials such as bean paste, pork, pine nuts, dates and walnuts appeared, and the varieties were more colorful.
To this day, at the beginning of May every year, people in China have to soak glutinous rice, wash zongzi leaves and wrap zongzi, with more varieties of colors. From the perspective of stuffing, there are many dates in the north, such as jiaozi; There are many kinds of fillings in the south, such as red bean paste, fresh meat, ham and egg yolk, among which Zhejiang Jiaxing Zongzi is the representative. The custom of eating zongzi has been popular in China for thousands of years and spread to South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.
Dragon boat race:
Dragon boat race is the main custom of Dragon Boat Festival. According to legend, people who originated in the ancient State of Chu were reluctant to part with the death of the sage Qu Yuan, and many people rowed boats to save people. They rushed to catch up with each other and disappeared at Dongting Lake. After that, I will row a dragon boat on May 5th every year to commemorate it. Rowing a dragon boat to disperse the fish in the river so as not to eat Qu Yuan's body. The habit of competition prevailed in wuyue and Chu.
In fact, the "Dragon Boat Race" existed as early as the Warring States Period. Carving dragon-shaped canoes in drums and playing race games are semi-religious and semi-entertaining programs to entertain gods and people in the ceremony.
Later, people everywhere not only commemorated Qu Yuan, but also gave different meanings to dragon boat racing.
Dragon boat rowing in Jiangsu and Zhejiang is of great significance to commemorate Qiu Jin, a native-born modern female democratic revolutionary. The night dragon boat is decorated with lights and shuttles, and the scene is moving and interesting. The Miao people in Guizhou hold the Dragon Boat Festival from May 25th to 28th of the lunar calendar to celebrate the success of transplanting rice and wish a bumper harvest. Yunnan Dai compatriots competed in dragon boat races at the Water-splashing Festival to commemorate the ancient hero Yan Hongwo. Different nationalities and regions have different legends about dragon boat rowing. To this day, dragon boat races with different characteristics are held every year in many areas near rivers and lakes in the south.
In the 29th year of Qing Qianlong (1736), Taiwan Province Province began to hold dragon boat races. At that time, Jiang, the chief executive of Taiwan Province Province, held a friendly match in Fukeji Half Moon Pool in Tainan City. Now, Taiwan Province Province holds a dragon boat race on May 5th every year. In Hong Kong, races are also held.
In addition, dragon boat racing was first introduced to neighboring countries such as Japan, Vietnam and Britain. From 65438 to 0980, the dragon boat race was included in the national sports competition in China, and the "Qu Yuan Cup" dragon boat race was held every year. 1991June 16 (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), the first international dragon boat festival was held in Yueyang, China, Qu Yuan's second hometown. Holding the "Dragon Head Festival" before the competition not only retains the traditional ceremony, but also injects new modern factors. The "dragon head" was carried into Quzi Temple. After the athletes painted the dragon head red (tied with a red ribbon), the priest read out the sacrificial ceremony and "lit up" the dragon head. Then, all the people who took part in the Dragon Boat Festival bowed three times, carried the dragon head to the Guluo River and hurried to the dragon boat race. More than 600,000 people participated in competitions, expositions and evening activities, which is unprecedented. Since then, Hunan has regularly held the International Dragon Boat Festival. Dragon boat races will be widely spread all over the world.
Pei Xiang Bao:
Children wear sachets on the Dragon Boat Festival, which is said to mean to ward off evil spirits and plague. Actually, it is used to decorate the inner head. The sachet contains cinnabar, realgar and fragrant medicine, wrapped in silk cloth, and the fragrance is overflowing, and then tied into a rope with five-color silk thread to make a string of different shapes, all kinds of exquisite and lovely.
Acorus calamus:
There is a folk proverb that says, "Willows are inserted in Qingming Festival, and Ai is inserted in Dragon Boat Festival". On the Dragon Boat Festival, people regard inserting wormwood and calamus as one of the important contents. Every family sweeps the court, puts calamus and moxa sticks between their eyebrows and hangs them in the class. Acorus calamus, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Liu Hua, Garlic and Dragon Boat Flower are made into human or tiger shapes, which are called Ai Ren and Ai Hu. It is made into garlands and decorations, beautiful and fragrant, and women compete to wear it to ward off evil spirits.
Artemisia argyi, also known as Artemisia argyi and Artemisia argyi. Its stems and leaves contain volatile aromatic oils. Its unique fragrance can repel mosquitoes, flies, insects and ants and purify the air. Chinese medicine uses wormwood as medicine, which has the functions of nourishing qi and blood, warming uterus and dispelling cold and dampness. Processing Artemisia argyi leaves into "moxa wool" is an important medicinal material for moxibustion treatment.
Acorus calamus is a perennial aquatic herb, and its long and narrow leaves also contain volatile aromatic oil, which is a good medicine for refreshing, strengthening bones, eliminating stagnation, killing insects and sterilizing.
It can be seen that the ancients inserted wormwood leaves and calamus to have a certain disease prevention effect. Dragon Boat Festival is also a "health festival" handed down from ancient times. On this day, people sweep the courtyard, hang mugwort leaves, hang calamus, sprinkle realgar wine, drink realgar wine, stir up turbidity, remove rot, sterilize and prevent diseases. These activities also reflect the fine traditions of the Chinese nation. It is a common custom for all countries and ethnic groups in China to collect herbs on the Dragon Boat Festival.
Diaozhong statue
It is the custom of Dragon Boat Festival for Zhong Kui to catch ghosts. In the Jianghuai area, bells and statues are hung in every household to ward off evil spirits. Emperor Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty returned to the palace after giving a lecture in Lishan, and malaria was rampant. He dreamed that two ghosts, one big and one small, were running around the temple wearing red crotch pants and stealing Yang Guifei's sachet and the jade emperor of the Ming Dynasty. GREAT GHOST, wearing a blue robe and a blue hat, caught the child, gouged out his eyes and swallowed it in one gulp. When asked by the Ming emperor, GREAT GHOST said: My surname is Zhong Kui, that is to say, I am the best martial artist. I am willing to exorcise evil spirits for your majesty. When the Ming emperor woke up, malaria was cured. So I asked Wu Daozi, the painter, to draw a portrait of Zhong Kui catching ghosts according to what I saw in my dream, and ordered all the people to post it on the Dragon Boat Festival to exorcise evil spirits.
Hanging purse-string five-color silk thread
Ying Shao's "Customs Pass" records: "On May 5, people tied their arms with colorful silks, which were called Longevity Silk, one who continued life, one who made soldiers fight, one who made five-color silks, and one who made soldiers fight ghosts, so that people would not get sick."
In ancient China, five colors were worshipped, which were auspicious colors. Therefore, in the early morning of the festival, the first important thing for adults after getting up is to tie five-color lines on their wrists, ankles and necks. Children are not allowed to talk when tying the thread. The five-color line cannot be broken or discarded at will, and can only be thrown into the river during the first heavy rain in summer or the first bath. It is said that children wearing five-color thread can avoid the harm of snakes and scorpions; Throwing it into the river is to let the river wash away plagues and diseases and make children safe and healthy.
The eighth volume of Meng's Dream of China in Tokyo records: Dragon Boat Festival artifacts, hundred ropes, mugwort flowers, silver drums, beautifully painted fans, fragrant candy, small dumplings and white balls. Perilla frutescens, Acorus calamus and Papaya are all chopped, mixed with incense and medicine, and wrapped in a plum-red box. From May 1 day, the day before Dragon Boat Festival, peaches, willows, sunflowers, leaves of Pu Ye, Buddha, Taoism and wormwood are sold. The next day, every household was spread out at the door and fed with five-color water polo and tea wine. He also nailed Ai Ren to the door, and the scholars handed him a banquet.
Chen Shijing's Chronicle of Years Old quotes miscellaneous notes that "the Dragon Boat Festival is made of red and white, colored thread, or tied or nailed to the door to make it red and white, which is also called Qian Chu", while another kind of "mussel powder bell" says: "On the fifth day, mussel powder is placed in silk, decorated with cotton, if it is a few beads. Let the children take it to absorb sweat. " The contents of these carry-on bags have changed several times, from sweat-absorbing mussel powder, exorcism symbols, copper coins, and realgar powder to sachets filled with spices, and they have become increasingly exquisite and become a unique folk art of the Dragon Boat Festival.
Similarly, drinking realgar wine: this custom is very popular among people in the Yangtze River valley. Wandering all diseases: This custom prevails in the Dragon Boat Festival custom in Guizhou.
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Introduction to the name of Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival
The word "Duan" means "the beginning", so "Duan Wu" means "the fifth day". According to the calendar, May is the noon month, so the Dragon Boat Festival has gradually evolved into the Dragon Boat Festival. The Chronicle of Yanjing Years Old records: "The fifth day is the fifth day of May, and the transliteration of the word' Duan' is also stamped."
Dragon Boat Festival
According to the records of Jingchu over the years, it is midsummer and May is midsummer, and the first afternoon is a good day to climb mountains in the sun, so it is called "Duanyang Festival".
Mid-Autumn Festival
"noon" belongs to the twelve branches. In the lunar calendar, May is noon, and five and five are homophonic, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called "Heavy Noon Festival" or "Heavy Five Festival", and in some places it is also called "May Festival".
Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon boat race is an important activity of Dragon Boat Festival, which is very popular in southern China, especially in Guangdong, where it is called dragon boat. It was originally a sacrificial activity of the ancient Yue people to worship the water god or the dragon god, and its origin may have started at the end of primitive society. Dragon boat races have a long history, circulating for more than 2000 years. It is a traditional folk water sports and entertainment project in China, which is mostly held on festive festivals and is a multi-person collective rowing competition. After it was spread abroad, it was deeply loved by people all over the world and formed an international competition.
Dangwu Xun
In some rural areas of Shanghai, near the north bank of Hangzhou Bay, such as Fengxian and Nanhui, it is customary to call the Dragon Boat Festival "five o'clock in the flood season".
Noon festival
This name comes from the number of yin and yang strokes. Tian Rucheng's Travel Notes on the West Lake, a volume of Yue in the 20th Ming Dynasty, said: "The Dragon Boat Festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and it is called the Mid-Autumn Festival because the sun goes to Midday at noon and reaches noon, and it swims at noon." Japan designated May 5th as "Boys' Day", which may also be based on the Japan-China Festival, because Japan believes that only men inherit the universal spirit.
Yulan Festival
Dragon Boat Festival is in midsummer, and it is a season with frequent skin diseases. The ancients used bluegrass soup to bathe and decontaminate. The Great Dai Li in the Han Dynasty said, "Wash blue soup in the afternoon".
Jie zongjie
When the ancients ate zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival, there was a game that was shorter than each person's leaves, and the elderly won, so it was also called "Xiezong Festival".
Women's festival
"Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Series" is in Bangbang: "May Daughter's Day is the Dragon Boat Festival, Dai Ai Ye, and the five poison spells. Ten thousand customs are decorated with little girls from the first day of May to the fifth day of May, and we do our best. Married women also go back to their hometown because it is called Daughter's Day. "
Ending etiquette
In southern Hunan, along the ancient custom, on the fifth day of May when summer comes, mugwort leaves are hung on the door and bathed to repel mosquitoes. It is believed that malaria can be driven away after baptism, and this mosquito breeding summer can be safely spent.
Acorus calamus festival
Dragon Boat Festival is not only an ancient totem festival, but also a festival of "getting rid of diseases and preventing epidemic". The ancients thought that "heavy noon" was a taboo day, when the five poisons were exhausted. Therefore, the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ward off evil spirits and avoid poison, such as hanging calamus and mugwort leaves on the door, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called "Acorus Festival".
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Articles related to the legend of wormwood hanging on the Dragon Boat Festival;
★ The implication of hanging wormwood and calamus on Dragon Boat Festival
★ The origin and legend of Dragon Boat Festival
★ Introduction to the origin of Dragon Boat Festival
★ Legend of the custom of inserting calamus and wormwood in Dragon Boat Festival
★ Five related legends of Dragon Boat Festival
★ Customs and legends of Dragon Boat Festival
★ What are the interesting historical allusions of Dragon Boat Festival?
★ Legends and classic stories about Dragon Boat Festival
★ Why do you want to hang wormwood on the Dragon Boat Festival?
★ What are the classic legends and stories of Dragon Boat Festival?
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