1. Volcanic activity: The formation of granite began with volcanic activity. When a volcano erupts, the magma rising from the deep underground gradually cools and solidifies during the rising process. These magmas are rich in silicate, sodium, calcium, potassium and some metal elements, such as iron, magnesium and copper.
2. Magmatic intrusion: After volcanic activity, the surrounding rocks are invaded by high-temperature magma. These high-temperature magma intruded into the surrounding rocks, forming a large-scale crystallization and recrystallization process. In this process, various elements and minerals crystallize in magma, forming a unique mineral assemblage in granite.
3. Cooling and solidification: With the cooling and solidification of magma, the three-dimensional texture of granite is formed. In this process, minerals gradually crystallize and recrystallize in granite, forming obvious crystal structure and solid texture.
4. Crustal movement: After the formation of granite, crustal movements such as crustal uplift and plate collision further shaped the topography of granite. These crustal movements cause granite to be lifted to a higher position on the surface or to sink to a deeper position underground.
5. Weathering and erosion: After a long period of weathering and erosion, the granite surface is destroyed and various landforms are formed. These landforms, including peaks, canyons and cliffs, show the formation and evolution of granite in different geological and historical periods.
The role of granite
1. Building materials: Granite's solid texture and durability make it an ideal building material. It can be used to build houses, bridges, roads, churches and many other buildings. Its durability makes it the first choice for outdoor public facilities, such as parks, squares and shopping centers.
2. Decorative materials: Granite is widely used in the field of decoration because of its beautiful texture and color. Can be used to make murals, sculptures, floors, window frames, railings and so on. Its unique color and texture can increase the beauty and texture of the room.
3. Stone processing: Granite can be processed into various stone products, such as slate, stone tablets, stone railings and stone carvings. These products are durable and beautiful, and widely used in urban landscapes, parks, roads and other public places.
4. Landscape: Granite is also widely used in landscape design. It can be used to make rockeries, stone bridges, stone steps and sculptures. , adding natural beauty and texture to the garden. In addition, granite is an excellent paving material, which can be used in parks, courtyards and sidewalks.