First, the characteristics of the political subjectivity test questions in the college entrance examination: large amount of information, multiple levels of ability, high comprehensive requirements and strong selection function.
Second, the propositional characteristics of the political subjectivity test questions in the college entrance examination: attaching importance to the foundation, highlighting the application ability and conception; Hot spots are diverse, simulating situations-expanding thinking; Emphasize the connection, subdivide the entrance-return to the teaching material; Multi-dimensional perspective, layered questioning-comprehensive thinking; Moderately open, stabilize the difficulty-guide innovation.
Third, the main reasons for the low scores of students' political subjectivity test in the college entrance examination:
1, the basic knowledge is not implemented: ① the concept is not clearly defined-the judgment is wrong; (2) The viewpoint is not well understood-the migration failed;
(3) Incomplete knowledge expression-missing key points; (4) Poor humanistic common sense-inactive thinking.
2, the conventional ability is not in place: ① unable to extract effective information-at a loss, it is difficult to go straight to the topic ② unable to form an organic connection.
-unclear thinking and improper use; ③ There is no hot spot analysis-rambling and the main points are not obvious; (4) It is difficult to form a stable viewpoint-the viewpoint is free and the finishing touch is missing.
3, the problem is not mastered: ① the characteristics of the proposition are unclear-the positioning is not accurate; (2) the problem is not clear-it is not easy to solve the problem;
3 The answering process is not white-the thinking is not smooth; (4) The answer routine is unfamiliar-the score is not high.
4.① The handwriting is scrawled and difficult to judge; (2) The terminology is inaccurate, and the words fail to convey the meaning; (3) The logic is chaotic and the level is unclear.
Fourth, we should pay attention to the "six parts" in the process of examining the political subjective questions in the college entrance examination.
1, look: what to look at-look at the topic.
How to look at it depends on the scope of the problem (political science test sites include economic common sense, philosophical common sense and political common sense, and philosophical common sense includes materialism, dialectics, epistemology and life values); The angle (what, why and how) points to the special restrictions and requirements of this topic, and read all the questions at once.
2. Grasping: Grasping what-grasping the key words and central meaning of the material;
How to grasp it-usually it can be grasped by "beginning and ending method, word frequency method, concentric method and guiding method";
3, collar: what to collar-to understand the intention of the proposer, what knowledge principle is mainly tested;
How to get it-from the materials of the topic, think about the current political background of the topic, so as to judge what the proposer's intention is mainly to investigate.
4. Link: What to link-link the materials closely related to the topic to the corresponding textbook terms and current political terms;
How to connect-recall the corresponding textbook knowledge network and related hot background, and associate accurately and completely.
5. column: what to list-list the answer outline;
How to list-according to the contents of the first four parts, list the key points of the answers in the order of required materials, textbooks and current affairs knowledge.
6. Thinking: What to think about-reflect on the completeness and scientificity of the answer;
How to think-repeat the exam backwards and pay attention to the score (see the answer)
Fifth, the organizational requirements of the answers to the political subjective questions in the college entrance examination require attention to the "six modernizations"
1, the problem-solving process is programmed: each answer must follow the above six parts;
2. The answers are organized into points: each point is self-contained and self-contained;
3. Answer expression terms: use political terms or incisive terms of current politics in textbooks;
4. Logical answer structure: There must be a certain logical relationship between the main points, such as primary and secondary, sequential, micro and macro.
5. Complete answer writing: each key point should support the unity of principle+methodology, viewpoint+material, basic score+improved score (improved score refers to the latest incisive viewpoint of contacting the party and state policies and striving for extra points through creative answering); (Inner beauty)
6. Clean handwriting: Pay attention to the teacher's psychology in this volume to arouse the teacher's resonance and impression (external beauty).
Sixth, how to answer political subjective questions from the college entrance examination papers?
1, try every means to make your answer sheet a score-this is the premise.
2. Let the marking teacher leave a good first impression-this is the key;
3. Try to arouse the sympathy of the marking teacher-this is the guarantee.
Candidates who can win sympathy points usually have the following performances:
(1) The paper is neat, the font is neat, and the level is clear, which makes the marking teacher clear at a glance and produces a sense of pleasure;
(2) The narrative and argument are logical, the steps are clear, there is no upside down, and the answer is irrelevant.
(3) the font is beautiful and neat, and the thickness is appropriate.
(4) The test paper has no peculiar smell. Do not use irritating, odorous and greasy drugs or summer cooling products.
(5) The number of words in the candidate's answer sheet is moderate. Let the processing time of the marking teacher be short and efficient. Generally, the number of words in analytical small questions should be controlled within 50~60 words, and the number of words in explanatory big questions should be controlled within 300 words. Don't write a thousand words, which has nothing to do with the topic, so that the marking teacher wastes time, eyesight and boredom.
(6) In addition to the above, the test paper should be kept intact, and there should be no scratches or cuts, which makes people suspect that there may be marks.
Political subjectivity test questions
Question type 1, subjective question of "embodiment class"
Question characteristics: There are words such as "What is a body", "How to be a body" and "How to be a body" in the body question.
Problem-solving skills: the specific problem-solving idea is: fixed point-contact-combing-answer.
A certain point: determine what the knowledge points of the assessment are;
Second, contact: connect the given materials with the knowledge learned;
Third, sort out the answer: compare the information given in the materials with the knowledge points of the assessment one by one, and the consistency of the two is the main point. When you answer, you should combine ideas with materials.
Question 2, "reflective" subjective questions
Question type characteristics: "reflective" question type, generally speaking, the materials given are words and graphics, and there are roughly two situations: one is what problems or phenomena are reflected, and the other is what changes are reflected by the above materials.
Problem-solving skills: No matter what kind of questioning situation, the information provided by the material is perceptual, and the answer requirements are rational, that is to say, the perceptual material is rational, not only using the knowledge learned in the textbook to express the information provided by the material. The key to doing this kind of problem is to fully grasp the information given by the material, and the fixed-point method is enough. be the same as the above
Question 3. The subjective question of "why (why)"
Characteristics of asking questions: This kind of general questions are presented in the form of "why" and "why".
Problem-solving skills: There are three specific solutions:
The first one: from the perspective of analyzing its inevitability and necessity. Necessity can also be understood as urgency, that is, it is the product of objective laws and the background of the times and the need to solve the current situation. Necessity and importance are of great practical significance to solve this problem.
The second type: from the perspective of why and why. Be sure to stick to the meaning of the question and answer it with the knowledge of the textbook. The more comprehensive the answer, the better. At the same time, we should analyze the conditions and social environment that can do this.
The third type: from the perspectives of politics, economy or culture, history or reality, internal and external factors. , need specific analysis of specific problems.
In general, answer the basis, significance (importance), necessity, possibility, etc. "Say so" and "do so", sometimes we should also answer the harm of not doing so. In the answer, it is generally necessary to explain in an orderly manner from near to far, from direct to indirect, from economy to politics.
Question 4. Subjective question "What to do (countermeasures)"
Characteristics of questions: Generally speaking, such questions are given clear themes, such as the party, the state, the government, citizens, enterprises, consumers and individuals. And specified something to answer.
Problem-solving skills: When solving this kind of problems, you can use the fixed-point method, just like the first one.
Whenever you see how to run a business in economics, you should think of:
(1) market: adjust the industry and product structure according to the market to produce marketable goods; Follow the law of value, optimize and rationally allocate the means of production and labor.
(2) Science and technology: implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and applying high and new technologies;
(3) Management: Strengthen management and implement the strategy of strengthening the country through talents.
(4) Quality: improve the quality of operators and workers;
(5) Benefit: reduce production cost, increase output, improve economic benefit and take the road of new industrialization.
(6) Brand: Establish a good corporate image and reputation, build a brand, produce high-quality pollution-free goods, and break through the international "green barrier".
(7) Competitiveness: Adhere to the combination of "bringing in" and "going out", make enterprises bigger and stronger, enhance international competitiveness, and actively participate in international competition.
With the knowledge of political science to answer how to do, generally from the perspective of ruling the country by law and by virtue, but also from the perspective of the party, state organs and citizens to answer:
When answering from the national point of view, we should pay attention to answering from the aspects of fulfilling national functions and adhering to the principles of organizing activities of state institutions.
When answering from the party's point of view: pay attention to answering from the party's leadership style and party building;
When answering from the perspective of citizens, we should pay attention to the handling of citizens' rights and obligations and their relations.
Answering the question of how to do it from the philosophical point of view should generally be based on methodology, and the principle need not be expressed too much, but it must be discussed in combination with practical problems to reflect the requirements of philosophical thoughts and methods.
Question 5: Subjective question of "meaning or influence"
Characteristics of the problem: This kind of problem generally has positive influence, economic significance, political significance and economic and political significance.
Problem-solving skills: The angles and terms of answering general subjective questions can be summarized as follows:
I. Economic significance
Describe the domestic economic significance
1, (conducive to) mobilizing enthusiasm, liberating productive forces, improving economic benefits, increasing income and improving living standards.
2. (Conducive) Give full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation and realize the optimal allocation of resources; Promote structural adjustment (economic structure, industrial structure, etc.). ), promote the development of related industries and promote employment.
3. (Conducive) to the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development; Take the road of new industrialization.
4. (Conducive to) embodying the essence of socialism, narrowing the gap and realizing * * * prosperity; Realizing the goal of a well-off society in an all-round way and improving China's international competitiveness
5. (Conducive to) coordinating regional development; Promote economic cooperation and exchange, and realize the rational flow of production factors and economic complementarity; Enhance competitiveness
6. (Conducive to) improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity; Consolidate the basic position; Industrialized management, promoting structural adjustment, increasing production and income, and improving agricultural economic benefits.
Describe the importance of foreign economy.
1, (conducive to) improving the level of opening up, promoting foreign trade and enhancing international competitiveness; Make full use of international and domestic markets and resources, and absorb imported capital, technology and management experience; Implementing the strategy of going global and creating a good international (peripheral) environment for China's modernization.
2, (conducive to) the establishment of a new international economic order, etc.
Second, political significance.
Political significance to the country
Domestic related activities
1, (conducive to) the people being the masters of the country and realizing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people (responsible to the people); Really "Theory of Three Represents" to consolidate state power and promote the construction of socialist political civilization.
2, (conducive to) governing the country according to law (ruling according to law, building a government ruled by law), transforming government functions.
(3) create a good environment for modernization; National unity, social stability, long-term stability of the country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; Improving comprehensive national strength and building a harmonious society
Foreign exchange activities
1. Significance to China: (conducive to) improving China's international status, comprehensive national strength, international influence and international image; Create a good international environment and safeguard national security; We will further open wider to the outside world, promote international cooperation and safeguard national interests.
2. Significance to the region and the world: (beneficial) economic globalization, world multipolarization and democratization of international relations; Establish a new international political order, safeguard common interests and promote world peace and development.
Political significance to the party
(conducive to) improving the party's ruling ability and consolidating the party's ruling position (foundation); Maintain the party's advanced nature, keep close contact with the people, truly achieve "Theory of Three Represents", build the party for the public and govern for the people; It is related to the rise and fall of China's socialist cause, the future and destiny of the Chinese nation, the survival of the party and the long-term stability of the country.
Third, ideological and cultural significance.
(conducive to) providing spiritual motivation, intellectual support and ideological guarantee for the construction of socialist spiritual civilization; Carry forward patriotism and national spirit; Establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values; Build an advanced socialist culture, improve the quality of the people, and govern the country by virtue.
Question 6 "Cognitive (Evaluation) Category" Subjective Question
Characteristics of the question type: this question type usually gives a major social phenomenon first, and then asks to talk about the understanding of this phenomenon with the knowledge learned. Common problems are "how to recognize", "how to treat", "talk about a phenomenon" and "analyze (evaluate) a phenomenon" and so on.
Problem-solving skills: This kind of questions can be answered according to the problem-solving ideas of "judging and expressing one's position"-"explaining the truth"-"clear practice", or according to the problem-solving ideas of "what"-"why"-"how to do it".
"What is it"-that is, what the topic says (does) is a trivial matter, or whether the viewpoint of the topic is right or wrong.
"Why"-that is, the basis, importance, necessity, possibility and harm of not doing it.
Basis-saying (doing) this matter is the theoretical basis of economics, philosophy and political science;
Importance-refers to function, meaning, purpose, goal, etc. This matter;
Necessity refers to the objective reality of this matter at present, that is, the reason why it must be done;
Possibility-What are the subjective and objective conditions that make it possible?
Harmfulness-that is, what kind of negative consequences will be caused by doing or not doing this.
"What to do"-that is, how the party, the state, citizens, enterprises, consumers and individuals are prepared to do this and what specific measures are taken to solve the problem.
Answer with principles first, then use materials comprehensively, dialectically from your own point of view, and have a clear attitude.
Question 7 "Understanding" is the subjective question.
Characteristics of questions: This kind of questions is generally based on some typical events and cases, and it is required to talk about the economic, philosophical or political enlightenment of the cases and events. The form is generally "what does this inspire us" or "what does this inspire you" and so on. The key point is to examine whether candidates can understand the truth from the materials provided and emphasize that the answers should be targeted.
Problem-solving skills: When answering such questions, we should generally consider two aspects: one is the truth expounded by the materials, and the other is what we should do. In general, the focus of the answer is "how to do it", and the format of the answer should be "principle+material description or the authenticity of the principle+what to do".
The answer is generally a statement of principles or knowledge points, so that ideas and materials can be combined without detailed analysis.
Question 8 "Basic course" subjective question
Characteristics of questions: This type of questions mainly analyzes the economic, philosophical or political basis of the measures taken by the party and the government to solve a certain problem. Generally speaking, the main problems are as follows: 1. Determine a certain range of knowledge and analyze or explain the theoretical basis of a certain aspect of the material; Second, a certain range has not been determined, and its theoretical basis needs to be analyzed from different angles.
Problem-solving skills: answer composition: (1) If a certain point of view is not clear, analyze it from different angles and choose several main points. Every point of view should be answered in the mode of "principle, methodology+analysis", paying attention to brevity.
(2) If the angle is defined, it will be analyzed according to the dialectical thinking level contained in this view. Answer according to the model of "viewpoint+how to grasp or conform to (violate) the+meaning of this viewpoint".
Question 9 "Chart Class" Subjective Question
Characteristics of the question type: the chart of the chart-based essay question generally consists of three parts: table title, chart (the common forms of chart are table format, coordinate type, pie type, column type and curve type) and annotation. Questions usually consist of 2~3 short questions. Common questioning methods are:
1, table 1 and table 2 respectively (or * * * the same) reflect what economic phenomena;
2. What is the internal relationship between table 1 and table 2?
3. Please talk about your understanding of the phenomena reflected in the table, or ask how to solve the problems in the materials.
Problem-solving skills: Examining the questions first and then the materials (charts) can enhance the purpose of the materials.
Cautious questions should pay attention to:
1. Macroscopically grasp the relationship between problems. The relationship between problems: first, the parallel relationship, each small problem is relatively independent around the center; One is the progressive relationship, which is getting deeper and deeper, and its basic order is "what", "why" and "how to do it"
2. Micro-specific analysis and questioning requirements. First question: What economic phenomenon does the chart reflect? At this time, we should pay special attention to see clearly what economic phenomena are "reflected separately" or "reflected together" by the chart. The answer should not only write out the superficial phenomenon reflected by the chart (that is, convert the chart language into the written language, and realize the quantitative change to the qualitative change), but also point out the deep information, hidden information and essential problems contained in this phenomenon.
Question 2: What is the relationship between table 1 and table 2? These relationships mainly include four situations:
(1) Causality (2) Relationship between one and two (3) Relationship between whole and parts.
(4) Successive relationship. Among them, (1)(2) is more common.
The third question: generally speaking, it is required to combine charts and words to talk about understanding. The general way to solve cognitive problems is: what, why, what's the significance and consequences, and how to do it. Pay attention to the combination of materials and teaching principles when answering questions, and avoid "two skins" of materials and principles.
Look at the chart carefully and you should pay attention to:
1, look at the chart title. The title of the chart reflects the theme or center of the chart.
2. Read the entries and data in the table, which is the main source of answers. The key is to find problems, changes and gaps from comparison. Vertical comparison is used to explain changes (such as substantial increase or decrease), and horizontal comparison is used to explain the gap between them.
3. Read the notes (remarks). Footnotes make the meaning of the chart fully and profoundly expressed, which often has a great influence on the answer. Explanatory remarks are the basis for analyzing and judging the information in the chart; Supplementary notes are one of the indispensable sources of organizational answers.