Turkey was defeated and surrendered in the First World War. After the signing of the Druze Armistice Agreement (1918.10.30), it faced the national crisis of national subjugation. Countries such as Britain, France and Italy took advantage of their status as victorious countries and began to implement the secret treaty concluded during the Great War to divide the Ottoman Empire. 19 19 in may, Greece occupied Izmir, and the national disaster was unprecedented. 1919 May19 Kemal Ataturk came to Anatolia and began to organize a national resistance movement. 1919 On September 4 ~ 12, a congress attended by representatives from all over the country was held in Siwars, and a nationalist organization, Anatolia and Lumeria Rights Protection Association, was formally established, and a 16 representative committee with Kemal as its chairman was elected. At the end of the same year, the representative committee moved from Siwars to Ankara. Since then, Ankara has become the center of the national liberation movement. 1920 At the beginning of the year, the last parliament of the Ottoman Empire opened. Since Kemal Ataturk and his supporters won a majority in Parliament, Parliament adopted the National Assembly on 28 October, 65438/KLOC-0, reaffirming the spirit of territorial integrity and national freedom put forward by the erzurum Congress and the Siwars Congress, stating that Turkish territory is an inalienable whole and demanding the abolition of the privilege treaty. 1920, 16 In March, the British occupied Istanbul, dispersed the parliament, and then ordered the Greeks to occupy bursa, Thrace and other places. In April of the same year, the Sudanese government declared the national resistance movement illegal, and then signed the Treaty of Seif's subjugation in August of 10. 1920 On April 23rd, Kemal convened the Grand National Assembly in Ankara and formed a government headed by him. At the same time, it affirms the principle of "sovereignty belongs to the people" and declares that all treaties and decrees signed by the Sudanese government with foreign countries after March 16 are invalid. In the two battles of 192 1, 1 October 1, March 3 1 to April1,the newly-built Turkish army repelled the attack of the Greek army. From August to September of the same year, the Turkish army smashed the attempt of the Greek army to occupy Ankara in the battle of Sakaria River. 1922 On August 26th, the Turkish army launched a full-scale counterattack against the Greek army, recovered Izmir on September 9th, and completely wiped out the Greek army in Anatolia on September 6th, 438+08. 1923 On July 24th, the Allies were forced to sign the Treaty of Lausanne with Turkey, recognizing Turkey's territorial integrity and national sovereignty. 1 922165438+1October1The Grand National Assembly decided to abolish the Sultanate system, thus ending the 600-year feudal rule of the Ottoman royal family. 1923 In February, the Izmir Economic Conference adopted the Economic Convention, which stipulated the basic principles for developing the national economy. In the same year, 10129 October, the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed. Since then, the Turkish government has further abolished the caliphate and implemented a series of bourgeois reforms in the political, economic, cultural and judicial fields. A new bourgeois nation-state rose rapidly on the ruins of the feudal Ottoman Empire.