I. Japan's "2 1 century new agricultural policy (including fishery) strategy" Nakagawa Shoichi (hereinafter referred to as "Nakagawa") became Japan's Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in early 2006. Under the guidance of the "global strategy" planned by Koizumi's government, he formulated and launched the "2 1 century new agricultural policy strategy" with the slogan "Nakagawa". . Its main purpose is to formulate and implement policies and measures that are in line with international economic development and domestic population decline and aging; The central idea is to formulate internationalization strategy, strengthen domestic agricultural (including fishery) system and improve food quality. Regarding the fishery development strategy in this strategy, Nakagawa recently accepted an interview with the president of the newspaper Aquatic Economic News. The authoritative explanation for this is:

1. In terms of fishery policy orientation such as fishery structure reform, the future fishery policy orientation is mainly: to carry out fishery structure reform on the premise of resource management and environmental protection; Cultivate key talents in fisheries and build an internationally competitive fishery management institution; Producers and consumers work together to promote the rational development of circulation and sales; Make full use of WTO (International Trade Organization) and FTA (Free Trade Agreement) platforms to promote the development of aquatic products trade. 1998, the self-sufficiency rate of edible aquatic products in Japan was 56%, which decreased to 50% in 2004. In the past, Japan's marine catch once ranked first in the world. In recent years, due to the influence of the management system of the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone of the International Convention on the Law of the Sea and the deterioration of marine resources, the marine catch has been declining continuously, reaching 4.46 million tons in 2004, which is 32.3% lower than that of 1994. However, Nakagawa believes that Japan has world-class high-tech aquatic products and the sixth largest exclusive economic zone in the world. Relying on the vast sea area and superb technology, Japan's fishery has great potential for development. Nakagawa also stressed that Japan's own food is aquatic products except rice and sweet potatoes, and ensuring the healthy development of fisheries is very important to the livelihood of the Japanese people. However, marine fishery resources are a natural biological chain, which is greatly influenced by the natural environment. In the past, Hokkaido harvested herring every year, as much as "cats ignore"; But at present, herring and sardines have become rare and noble aquatic products. Therefore, protecting the marine environment, strengthening resource management and ensuring the healthy development of fisheries are the primary issues.

2. With regard to the current priorities, Japan has taken a series of measures to solve the current problems such as high fuel prices and large jellyfish disasters. At present, the focus of work should be based on the international and domestic fishery situation, concentrate on revising the relevant measures to achieve the objectives of the Basic Plan, fully tap the potential of fishery production, give play to the high-tech advantages of aquatic products, strive to improve the self-sufficiency rate of domestic aquatic products, and at the same time expand exports to promote the healthy development of aquatic products trade; We should attach importance to cultivating a group of backbone forces committed to fishery development and build an internationally competitive fishery management institution.

3. About building high-quality brands Since April 1 this year, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has launched the "regional product trademark registration system". At present, the "bamboo pod fish" and "mackerel" in Oita Prefecture, and the "spring fish" in Hokkaido and Nauzin have applied for trademark registration. Local producers, organizations and processing enterprises should strive to develop high-quality brand-name products. Fishery management should also work with supermarkets and convenience stores to develop attractive brands with high added value and welcomed by consumers.

4. Regarding the negotiation of WTO free trade agreement and the export trade of aquatic products, we should adopt the strategy of "what can be maintained, what can be compromised and what can be won" to strategically respond to the international situation; We should have a sense of urgency, adjust and reform the fishery structure as soon as possible, and create an internationally competitive fishery management institution. In the export trade of aquatic products, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has formulated and launched the "Five-year Action Plan for Doubling the Export of Agricultural, Forestry and Aquatic Products" focusing on promoting the export of aquatic products, and specially formulated a strategic plan to promote the export of agricultural, forestry and aquatic products by promoting the export of scallops, salmon and cod.

Second, implement the current "basic plan"

In June, 20001year, in order to clarify the concept and direction of fishery management, the Japanese government promulgated and implemented the Basic Law of Fisheries, which clearly stipulated that a "basic plan" should be formulated. On this basis, the Basic Plan was promulgated and implemented in March, 2002, which established the fishery development goals and the basic principles of aquatic product management from 2002 to 20 12. The current "Basic Plan" has determined the fishery development goal in the period of 10, in which the self-sufficiency rate of edible aquatic products will be increased to 65% ~ 66% in 20 12; However, since 2000, the self-sufficiency rate has been declining, reaching 57% in 2003, 55% in 2004 and 565,438+0% in 2065. The target output of fish and shellfish in 20 12 is 6.82 million tons, but the output of fish and shellfish has been declining for many years, reaching 5.78 million tons in 2004, which is 5. 1% lower than that in 2003. The expected output in 20 12 is only 5.68 million tons. The target output of edible fish and shellfish is 5.26 million tons. Although the downward trend of raw material output has eased in recent years, the predicted output is only 4.34 million tons. The target value of seaweed production is 670,000 t. In recent years, due to the change of the yield of laver, its yield fluctuates greatly and generally shows a downward trend. The expected output is expected to be 650,000 t, which is close to the target value. The target output of offshore fishery is 790,000 t, but the predicted output is only 7 1 10,000 t, mainly because the output of overseas fishing grounds has been decreasing continuously in recent years, especially the output of trawling and squid fishing near the seabed. The target output of offshore fishery is 3.24 million t, but the production of large and medium-sized purse seine fishery has been greatly reduced due to the deterioration of sardines, mackerel and other resources, and the estimated output is only 2.73 million t; The target output of coastal fishery (excluding algae) is 6.5438+0.7 million t, but in recent two years, due to the deterioration of bottom fish resources, the output of salmon net fishery has increased slightly, but it still shows a downward trend, and the estimated output is about 654.38+0.4 1 10,000 t; The target output of mariculture (excluding algae) is 780,000 t. In recent years, the output of fish culture is relatively stable, and the output of shellfish culture has increased, showing an overall growth trend, but the expected output is only 700,000 t, which is still far from the target value. The target output of fishing and aquaculture in inland waters is 6.5438+0.3 million t, but in recent years, the output of carp and fragrant fish has been greatly reduced, showing a downward trend as a whole. The estimated output is1.2000 tons, and the current Basic Plan sets the consumption of fish and shellfish at1.002 as 1.037 million tons. According to the actual situation in recent years, although there was a slight increase in 2003, the overall consumption showed a downward trend, and the expected consumption was10.82 million tons. The consumption of edible fish and shellfish is relatively stable, with the target value of 8.06 million t in 20 12 and the expected consumption of 8.48 million t; The target value of seaweed consumption is 960,000 tons, and the predicted consumption is 6.5438+0.2 million tons ... 20 12 The current Basic Plan predicts 70,000 people, and the trend value is 65,000 people. The situation of aging and the decrease of fishery employees is still grim; Among them, the prospect value of coastal fishery is 35 thousand, and the trend value is 30 thousand; The prospect value of coastal fishery employees is110.5 million, and the trend value is10.7 million; Among them, the prospect value of coastal fishery under 65 years old is 85 thousand, and the trend value is 77 thousand. In addition, in 20 12, the number of operators and employees of offshore and offshore fisheries were 5300-5400 and19,000-20,000 respectively.