From the anti-Qin period, Liu Bang spent the rest of his life in the war. There seems to be no statement about his combat capability. Judging from his victorious battle with Xiang Yu, it is estimated that future generations will not have a high evaluation of this. After Liu Bang won the world, he discussed the reasons for Liu Sheng's defeat with his ministers, and put forward the theory of Han Sanjie, who was the first to promote Han Xin in terms of combat power. When Han Xin and Liu Bang discussed the ability to lead troops, they only said that Liu Bang could only lead hundreds of troops, and the more the better.

Judging from this record, Han Xin should still have some reservations, that is, in his real thoughts, Liu Bang may not even bring 100,000 people. The reason why this figure is said is nothing more than to give Liu Bang enough face. Liu bang was unconvinced by this. He said, "The more, the better. What does it have to do with me? " Han Xin replied, "Your Majesty can't be a soldier, but he should be a good soldier. That's why I believe you are a bird. And your majesty's so-called gift is inhuman. " History does not record Liu Bang's response to this, or he recognized this evaluation, or he did not want to take this issue seriously. As a result, in the eyes of future generations, Liu Bang's strength is that he can control people, but his combat capability is not worth mentioning. But this is not the case. The fact is that the actual combat capability far exceeds the estimation of future generations.

In fact, there are quite a lot of combat records about Liu Bang, and I'm afraid there are only a handful of combat frequencies and targets in history. But in people's impression, the easiest thing to remember is that he was often beaten by Xiang Yu and fled. He doesn't even care about his children and troops, just wants to run for his life alone. Indeed, compared with Liu Bang's victory, these defeated scenes are both wonderful and vivid in Sima Qian's works. Once you see them, people will remember them firmly.

But throughout Qin Chu, Liu Bang was defeated by Xiang Yu, and everyone else was defeated by Liu Bang. For example, in the anti-Qin War, Liu Bang killed Surabaya Shou in the battle at the beginning of the uprising, which was the highest military general who died in Qin Jun. At least one third of the 36th county of the Qin Dynasty must have been conquered by Liu Bangbu. Before Liu Bang joined the Xiang Liang camp, Xiang Liang had no record of defeating Qin, only Xiang Yu had the victory of conquering Xiangcheng. With the participation of Liu Bang, Xiang Liang won a winning streak against Qin. Zhang Liang sued Liu Bang with Sun Tzu's Art of War, which was well used by Liu Bang, indicating that Liu Bang was very talented in fighting. In the last battle to destroy Qin, Liu Bang completed a series of arduous tasks with less than 10,000 troops, such as assisting Zhao, defending the capital of Chu, and conquering Qin in the west. It is unthinkable to have no extraordinary military talent.

Liu bang's fighting capacity may be reflected in several battles after pacifying the world. Before Liu Bang died, there had been Tibetan tea riots, Tibetan tea riots, Tibetan tea riots, Tibetan tea riots, Tibetan tea riots. Every time Liu Bang takes command in the town, it shows that in the Han camp, the ability of others can't reassure Liu Bang. When attacking Chen Yu, he analyzed and said, "I know that if he doesn't follow Handan, he can't stop Zhangshui." The consequences are as they say. Qing Bu's anti-time mentality can also explain the problem. Qing Bu thought, "You are old and tired as a soldier, so you can't come. Generals, the generals in Huaiyin and Peng Yue alone suffered, and now they are all dead. What is there to be afraid of? " In Qing Bu's view, the generals of the Han camp, except Han Xin and Peng Yue, are not a problem. Only Liu Bang's skill is worth worrying about, but he is old and expects him to play in person. So Qing Bu went backwards. To be sure, in the eyes of people at that time, Liu Bang's combat capability was highly respected. But why did you leave a record of fighting Xiang Yu? The reason can only be that Xiang Yu's combat capability is higher, and Liu Xiang and Xiang Yu are not at the same level. Therefore, Liu Bang has been in the shadow of Xiang Yu for a long time, and his combat capability is not obvious at all.

As for Han Xin's statement that Liu Bang could not be a soldier, there is evidence to the contrary in the Chronicle of Gaozu. When Chen Yi was attacked, Liu Bang arrived in Zhao before the national army arrived, and asked Zhao Xiang and Zhou Chang if there were any useful people in Zhao. Zhou Chang recommended four people. After the interview, Liu Bang scolded: "Can you be a general?" Four people are ashamed. Printed on every thousand families, thoughts and wills. The left and right remonstrated, saying, "Nothing was achieved from entering the DPRK to cutting Chu. Why do you want to seal them? " Yue: "If you don't know! Chen Yi rebelled, and soldiers from northern Handan attacked Chen Yi. I used feather hammers to recruit soldiers from all over the world. What didn't arrive was the only soldier in Handan today. I love four thousand households with four people, not to comfort Zhao's children! "It shows that Liu Bang can make full use of authoritative means to mobilize the enthusiasm of local soldiers when there are no soldiers available, which may also resist Chen's fierce offensive. Liu Bang's continuous victory under the condition that his strength is not strong enough should be related to his morale. There is only one piece of evidence that makes the poor general's theory less reliable.

Second, Liu Bang's tendency to kill prisoners.

When summing up the success or failure of Chu and Han dynasties, future generations will never forget that cruelty is an important factor that caused Xiang Yu's failure. One of the important evidences of Xiang Yu's cruelty is killing and surrendering. He destroyed Qin and Qi, and killed Zi Ying, the king of Qin. The imperial clan of Qin completely lost its morale. However, Liu Bang's killing of prisoners is rarely raised as a problem. In fact, this problem not only exists, but also is quite serious to some extent.

As early as the anti-Qin War, when Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought side by side, there was a record of killing the city together. Such as killing Chengyang. Because Xiang Yu was there at that time, otherwise the crime could be charged to Xiang Yu's account. But when Liu Bang entered Qin, Tu Wuguan could not be shared by Xiang Yu. As we all know, the intensity of the war at that time made the winning side often make an extremely barbaric move, that is, killing the city after a hard battle. Han four years, leaving a record of this for future generations. It is estimated that during the Chu-Han War, Liu Bang's Tuwuguan was similar to Fan Kuai's local pig jujube. However, Liu Bang's problem is not the massacre, but the planned killing of his generals.

During the whole Chu-Han War, many influential figures were captured by the Han army. Wang Xie of Wei, Wang Xie of Zhao, Xia Shuo of Dai, Yong of Han, Guang of Qi, Sima Xin of Han, Chang of Han and Sima You of Han were all captured. However, except Zheng Chang, who didn't know where he died, everyone else was recorded as dead.

First of all, it is clearly recorded as a bird, and it is also recorded as a decapitation or a dead person. For example, Dai Xia said that he was captured, and the Biography of Huaiyin Hou was recorded as beheading; Qi Tianguang was captured by the Han generals, and the word Tian Heng's Biography of Li Sheng Lu Jia "died of light smell and stood on its own feet as king". As for why he died, it is unknown. The similar situation is as follows: Zhang Han was obviously captured by Duchang Princess, but Tian Yanchuan committed suicide in 2006; Chen Yu was obviously captured by Zhang Cang and Gao Ancestral. Zhao Xie is a bird, "Cao Shijia" said "to kill Zhao Xiexiang". What is the difference between the two records? Can't test now. But the author tends to think that these people were captured first and then killed. Because death is the final outcome that cannot be changed, and capture may be a state before death, such as Zhang Han's capture, which is the archival material on the hero list and should be the most reliable; Cao Can's achievement in The Biography of Huaiyin Hou is to win two kings, that is, to capture them alive, which should be Wei. Then, all the above-mentioned people are suspected of being arrested before being killed. These people are the leaders of one side, and killing them can reduce the cohesion of the opposing forces.

Secondly, those who were definitely captured and executed after a considerable period of time, or those whose cause of death is unknown. For example, Wei Mingming was captured, but he did not die immediately. He just found a reason to kill him in the future. In the third year of Han Dynasty, Chu Wei Xingyang, Liu Bang abandoned the army and fled, leaving Wei to defend the city and surrender. Zhou Ke killed him in the name of "anti-monarch, difficult to defend the city". This method is similar to Qin Ershi's killing the minister during the tour, but Liu Bang didn't want this killing to be related to himself, so he made contributions by killing Zhou Ke in Wei Bao, and his son Zhou Cheng was established because of Zhou Ke's contribution. Besides, Zhou Ke doesn't deserve any commendable contribution. The so-called guarding city is captured and unyielding, and the legend may be greater than the fact. After all, Zhou Ke is not the highest * * * of the Han army guarding city, or even the important * * *.

Xiang Yu may not be willing to pay such a high price to buy him off. In the year of Biography of Zhang Er Chen Yu, Sun Chi, Hou of Tangyang, was captured by Chu army in Xingyang and surrendered to Huihou. When it was his turn, Chu had not yet sealed a senior official. With this, the death of King Simaxin of Cyprus is suspicious. According to historical records, it was born at an altitude because of the victory of the Han Dynasty over Chu State, and was buried with Cao Yu in the water. In fact, Cao Xie did not commit suicide, but was beheaded. In 200 AD, Cao Guai was beheaded by the Long Hou of Chen Department, which is a record of Chen Department's achievements. I'm afraid it is true that Cao Guai was beheaded. Therefore, the word "Cao Jia" is about Cao's crimes, which Sima Xin thinks is not credible. In the future, Hanwang will be injured and enter the customs, and it will take several months for the owl to kill Wang Xinshou. It is hard to imagine that a dead person's head or body can remain intact under the conditions at that time. If it can't be preserved, or it can be preserved, what's the point of the owl being the first in the oak tree? It is more likely that King Simaxin of Cyprus was just captured and then executed. Only by beheading in public can we show Han's martial arts, calm local public anger and conform to local people's hearts.

Although the death of Sima Xin was a subtle event in Heroes, it is still a clue to be discovered. But there is no indication that Sima You, the king of Yin, has died. The Chronology of Gaozu Heroes and Hou Zhe was lost after Si Mashao's surrender to the Han Dynasty in recent two years. However, Biography of Xiang Yu clearly remembers that he died in the second year of the Han Dynasty, after the defeat of Peng Cheng by the Han army. I didn't see it in the history books. Ban Gu may have seen something else. If what Ban Gu saw is true, then Sima You's death and Sima Xin's death seem to have one thing in common, that is, they both died of ignorance.

Although Liu Bang's killing and surrender is obscure, the facts are there, no doubt. The question is, why were these people killed after giving up or losing their resistance? This question is really intriguing. The deaths of Han Xin and Peng Yue may help to understand this phenomenon. That is, the reason for killing people is to avoid chaos. If this is not the whole reason, it is at least the reason why some people end up like this.

Wei Bao, Dai Wangshu, Xie, Tian Guang and Sima You, though not big shots, were once leaders. In particular, the first two people have certain pioneering ability and cohesion, can climb high and shout loudly, and their followers gather. The existence of such a person always makes Liu Bang, who aspires to the world, feel taboo. Sima You is no ordinary person. After Zhao defeated Chen, Sima You once became an independent fighting force. He was not destroyed, but fought in the hinterland of Qin. What's more, he rebelled against Xiang Yu at first, and later made peace with Chen Ping who was sent by Xiang Yu to attack because he couldn't beat Xiang Yu. This resilient effort is very similar to that of Liu Bang, and it is understandable that Liu Bang cannot let him down. As for Zhang Han and Sima Xin, they are generals of the State of Qin, and their hands are covered with the blood of the anti-Qin armed forces. Liu bang is not only emotionally incompatible with them, but also intellectually unable to allow them to continue to exist. So they were executed shortly after being captured, which met the emotional and rational needs of Liu Bang and his subordinates. The pacification of Zhao and Qi was not smooth sailing. If Qi is allowed to stay, it will leave a spiritual pillar for the hostile forces in the two places. So the execution of these two men may make the peace between the two places go smoothly. Therefore, Liu Bang's surrender has political considerations. It can't be simply attributed to Liu Bang's cruelty, but it should be considered in connection with the general trend of the world in order to see its profound meaning.

In view of the above considerations, Liu Bang's killing and surrender may include Captain Linjiang. According to Historical Records, "Hanwang commanded Jiujiang with Liu Jia and attacked the southwest of Linjiang with Qiu Lu Wan. Wei Wu, Linjiang is Nanjun. " There is also a saying in the history books of Emperor Gaozu: "Instead of appointing Jiangling, eight people, including Jiangling Wang, Jiangling Zhu Guo and Sima, who were born in Luoyang, were appointed as Nanjun." King Jiangling, or King Linjiang, is the capital of Linjiang. Later, the joint commander was not killed, but was taken alive. It is clearly recorded in the history books that the deputy commander was killed. In fact, it is unreasonable for South Korea to play a commander in chief. According to Jing Yan Shi Jia, after the first month of the fifth year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Lu Wan and Liu Jia were ordered to attack Gong Wei on charges of "Linjiang Xiang Wang became Xiang Yu and rebelled against the Han Dynasty". Li's Biography of Fu Jin Hui Cheng recorded that the attack of the Han Dynasty on Linjiang was carried out immediately after the death of Xiang Yu and the final decision of Chu State.

It often happens that the final result is recorded at the beginning of an event, and this is one of its examples. So this is not the time to decide whether to go near the river or something. Its beginning can determine why a thing is at this time. He said: "In the winter of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, in order to break Ji Xiang, Lu Wan was appointed as a special general, and Liu Jia attacked the commander of Linjiang King to break it." In the early Han Dynasty, October was the beginning of a year, and December was before the first month. The time of Korea's attack on Linjiang is not unified, which shows that the charges are not established. There is no data showing Linjiang's position in the Chu-Han War. Although Linjiang, like Han, Jiujiang and Hengshan, was a general of the old Chu State and became a king, its failure to help Chu State in the war was based on certain reasons. According to "Biography of Gaozu", "The north is worried, and the west is worried about Han. His companion is only King Jiujiang, and he has a lot of cloth. He wanted to use them personally, so there was no strike. " Qing Bu, the commander-in-chief of the old Chu army who had made friends with Xiang Yu, was the only one. The remaining three men, Hanwang Liu Bang, all rebelled. King Gong Ao of Linjiang and King Wu Rui of Hengshan did not carry out the secret order that Xiang Yu killed Yidi. Estimation is alienated from Xiang Yu. Because of her relationship with Han's in-laws, she may also have a tendency to help Han after returning to Korea. According to the Biography of Emperor Gaozu, in the first month of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, Wu Rui, the king of Hengshan, said in Liu Bang's letter of commendation: "Therefore, Wu Rui, the king of Hengshan, has two sons and a younger brother, who are soldiers of Baiyue, and helped the vassal States to crusade against Qin and made great contributions. The princes made it themselves.

According to the secret factors of the commander-in-chief, or the rebellion of Zang and Rebecca, there are also problems. "In October of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, Rebecca Zang Tanfan was grounded. Gaozu will strike it and get Taizi tea. That is, Qiu Luwan was made the Prince of Yan. Make the Prime Minister Fan attack the soldiers. " Judging from this record, Tibetan tea is the other way around. However, the reasons for Zang's rebellion are not sufficient. First of all, Zang Tan's swallows helped the Han camp in the Chu-Han War, and Zang Tan's name was also included in "Persuade the Governors" in January this year. The year before, Chu and Han were at loggerheads in Xingyang, and Yan sent troops to help Han destroy Cao Cao and Chu Fu. It is meaningless to help the Han Dynasty when Liu Xiangsheng's future is uncertain, and it is meaningless to rebel against the Han Dynasty when he returns to earth. We should consider the situation that Han wants to add another crime. What was the situation in Dai Di at that time? Since the third year of the Han Dynasty, when Han Xin and other Han generals defeated the Xia Dynasty, Dai Di fell under the control of the Han Dynasty. The principal is Zhang Cang, and his position is acting as acting prime minister, that is, in the absence of acting king, Dai Di exercises power to represent Dai Di affairs. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Cang returned from his seat to the position of representative. In the Han Dynasty, when he attacked Yan State, Zhang Cang took the position of "representative of attacking Tibetan tea", and Yan State showed no sign of seizing land.

Judging from Zhang Cang's deeds, this period of history is a bit chaotic. Zhang Cang had already replaced the king before Zangtan rebelled. However, when there was no king, Liu Bangxiong and Liu Zhongcai replaced the king until the seventh year of the Han Dynasty. In addition, it is not clear whether Chen Yi was appointed as a guerrilla general in the war, when Han attacked Yan, or when Chen Yi was still on land and Zhang Cang helped him. Fan Kuai attacked Yan on behalf of Dai, which coincides with Zhang Cang's deeds. It may be a mistake for Fan Kuai to attack Dai, because in the seventh year of Han Dynasty, Liu Bang was defeated by Baicheng and Fan Kuai was appointed as Dai, which may confuse these two things. Therefore, the possibility of fabricating charges is not ruled out. Why did you fabricate the accusation against Tibetan tea? This should be analyzed from the situation of the king at the end of the Chu-Han War.

The eighteen kings established by Xiang Yu, three kings of Qin, three kings of Qi and Zhao Xie, all died in the war. Han Guang in Liaodong was killed by Zang Fei and Xiang Yu, and Shenyang, the king of Henan, lost his land. Zheng Chang, the independent king of Xiang Yu, was captured by Han and Wang Wei was killed by Han. The cause of his death is unknown. The rest of Hanwang proclaimed himself, and Qing Bu, the king of Jiujiang, was killed by Xiang Yu and determined to return to Han. Zhang Er, the king of Changshan, was defeated and gave his country to Han. With the help of Han, he became the king of Zhao. Although Wu Rui, the king of Hengshan actually occupied one county, he was blocked by four counties, which should be more than Xiang Yu. The remaining Linjiang Kuomintang Aochuanzi and Wei have been accused of extinction. Zang Tanyan actually merged the land of Yan State and Liaodong when Xiang Yu was enfeoffed, which was equivalent to all the territory of Yan State during the Warring States Period, and the territory was quite large. However, the swallows did not suffer any losses in the war, nor did they get any benefits from Han. It is quite difficult to win her heart. Such a big country has little to do with South Korea, which always makes people uneasy. Therefore, it is not excluded that Han may take the lead in Yan 'an in order to achieve long-term stability.

Judging from Han Xin and the incident, Han is willing to pay a certain price for stability. For example, Luan, who denounced Han Xin's rebellion, said that the traitors were named Shenyang Hou and Hou, each with 2,000 households. However, many people who risked their lives to make great achievements in the war were banned to a far lesser extent than these two people. Han Xin's rebellion has never been trusted. So the Han Dynasty did not turn Han Xin's contribution into invisibility. On the contrary, it gives him some credit that is not his. For example, Lv Ze, Chen Yi and others contributed to the determination of Wei and Ding Dai, and they were basically classified as Han Xin. In this sense, in order to eliminate unstable factors, Liu Bang will take

If Liu Bang and Xiang Yu are compared, they are just two poles in the way of employing people. Xiang Yu was criticized for his nepotism and brilliance, while Liu Bang was known for his kindness. When Chu and Han contended, the way of employing people between them had been decided. Chen Ping said, "Wang Xiang can't trust people. His love is not his wife's brother, although some strange people cannot use it. " Han Xin said: "Wang Xiang is omnipotent. Even if Qian Qian is abolished by ten thousand people, he will not be a good general. This is a brave man. When the king saw people's respect and love, he made a noise, fell ill, cried, ate and drank. Let people take the initiative to seal it, print it? Good luck at the beach. Arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed, arms closed. You can't give it; You can't reward a siege. Talented people all over the world are complaining, but don't use it. Therefore, all the people in the world belong to Hanwang, so they can sit down and decide. " When answering the question of how Liu Bang won the world, Gao He's tomb said: "Your Majesty is slow and deceives the city, while Xiang Yu is kind and loves others as himself. But your majesty makes people attack the city slightly, and what comes down is beneficial to the world. Xiang Yu was jealous of his talent. Those who made meritorious deeds harmed him, while those who did good deeds doubted him. If he wins, he wins the land and will not benefit others, so he loses the world. " These words are the contrast between Liu and Xiang, and all the blame points are Liu's. However, things are never absolute. Liu bang also has his cronyism. Try the following methods.

The most typical example of Liu Bang's cronyism is the appointment of Lu Wan. According to Qin Chu's calendar, Lu Wan and Liu Bang were born on the same day, and they fell in love, which laid the foundation for their relationship. When I grow up, I am also a classmate, and the relationship is particularly good. When Liu Bang fled, Lu Wan accompanied him, accompanied him, and they were very close. But after the rise of Liu Bang, Lu Wan basically did nothing. But this does not affect him to become the first apprentice under the protection of Liu Bang. Judging from Luwan's future performance, he has no fighting ability. However, after Liu Bang entered the Han Dynasty, he became a general, and later he became a general of Tai Wei and Bai Chang 'an. As we all know, Qiu was the first military commander in Qin and Han Dynasties. Coupled with Lu Wan's talent, he was appointed as this senior official, which is obviously the result of Liu Bang's partiality.

Because in the whole Chu-Han War, Lu Wan often went out with Liu Bang. When he saw Liu Bang at home, he let him go. This is beyond the reach of other diligent Xiao He, Cao Can and others. The Chu-Han War recorded by Lu Wan in Historical Records, or the only battle in the four years of Han Dynasty, was to attack the rear of Chu with Liu Jia. This is a kind of credit, and its credibility is not high. If there is, it is mainly made by Liu Jia. As long as you look at the record of Liu Jia's exploits in Biography of Han Xin and Lu Wan, you can draw a conclusion. When it comes to this matter, Liu Jia is the only one, not as good as Lu Wan. The role of Luwan can be imagined. After the downfall of Xiang Yu, Lu Wan made no meritorious military service. In order to increase Lu Wan's rank, Liu Bang gave him a chance to crack down on the rebellion against the king Linjiang and let Liu Jia be buried with him.

It's a pity that Luwan is really not the material for fighting. For months, I failed to capture Linjiang. Finally, he had to rely on Liu Bang's right-hand man, Jin She, to immediately bring down Xiao Linjiang. As a result of the battle of Linjiang, Liu Bang should have a correct estimate of Lu Wan's talent, but when it comes to sealing the king, Liu Bang still wants to seal Lu Wan as king. And his mind has long been known to all his subordinates. Everyone obeyed Liu Bang's wishes and said, "Lu Wan, Qiu, An Hou, pacify the world, but Rebecca did the most." Therefore, Liu Bangli made Lu Wan a prince. However, what everyone said about "doing the most" just revealed great irony. Not only that, Lu Wan is more loved than other princes. However, Liu Bang's unreasonable partiality to Lu Wan didn't get a good return, and finally Lu Wan repaid it with betrayal. This was unexpected by Liu Bang.

Besides Lu Wan, Liu Bang's deeds made Xia Houying and Zhou Zhou unable to escape the traces of cronyism. Only these two men have the meritorious military service, not as good as Lu Wan. The relationship between Liu Bang and Xia Houying can be traced back to the end of Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang is a small official in officialdom, and Xia Houying is also a local official. He always obeyed Liu Bang and was very respectful. Liu bang once defeated him by accident. He sheltered Liu Bang and went to prison for it. In the Chu-Han War, Liu Yuxin and Princess Lu Yuan were saved.

Therefore, although its contribution is not as good as that of Fan Kuai and Guan Ying, the number of households banned by it greatly exceeds. According to records, Zhou Zhou had a close relationship with Liu Bang, and his early deeds could not be verified. But his feats were shared with Fu Kuan and Jin He, and his feats were much less than the former two. However, when he was fighting for hegemony with Liu Bang, he was already the rank master. After that, the number of blocked households exceeded Fu Kuan. According to his biographical data, Liu Bang never left his heart when he used his troops. Therefore, Sima Qian commented, "Kuaicheng Hou Zhouzhou is undoubtedly worried about righteousness, and he wants to get what he wants and cry without fear. The sad people here can be described as loyal. "

Such deeds have to be interpreted by Fu and Jin, who have made outstanding achievements and have never been defeated. Sima Qian's original intention may be quite helpless, or he may have ulterior motives, that is, people who risk their lives may not get more rewards in the end than Pino's princes. Sima Qian's intention to associate with Fan, Li and Guan is similar. Because Xia Houying was never as independent as the other three in the Chu-Han War, he basically belonged to the kind of person who made things happen for his own reasons.

Other beneficiaries of Liu Bang's cronyism should include Ren Ao, Shen and Peng Zu. Ren Ao's situation is similar to that of Xia Houying. In his early years, he was also a small official in Peixian County, and he was closely related to Liu Bang. After Liu Bang escaped, Lv Hou was imprisoned, and Ren Ao began to hurt law enforcement officers who were disrespectful to Lv Hou. In the anti-Qin war, it was Liu Bang who kept the seal. During the Chu-Han War, he served as a Shangdang guard; Basically, they are far away from the battlefield and can't see the contribution to the front line. But it is such a resume that he has closed as many as 1800 households, which is beyond the reach of many people who risk their lives. Eating it is not worth mentioning. Basically, he was Liu Bang's retainer, and all his experiences served Liu Bang's father and daughter in Qin Chu War. There is only one difference, that is, he was a captive of Xiang Yu with Taigong and Lv Hou for several years. Hou's contribution is similar to that of grain inspection, that is, he worked for the squire in the war against Qin and Chu. However, one thing stands out, that is, when Liu Bang attacked Pepe, he opened the city gate for the rebels, which may be an honor and commendable. The seals of the above two people are enough to make the hero's teeth cold.

But at home, the master did this, and others could do nothing. As for the titles of the Lu brothers, because of their outstanding achievements, they should not be simply regarded as cronyism. And Liu Ze's seal, Prince Ling Ying, can be regarded as such an act reluctantly. Because Liu Ze and Liu Bangfei are close relatives, they should not be compared with Liu Bangzhi's brother. He joined Liu Bang's camp too late, three years in the Han Dynasty. Its contribution is not commendable, but its number of titles is amazing, 12000 households. Cao Can, who is listed as a hero, has only 6,600 seals, not to mention the achievements of Xiao He, Sean, zhou bo, Fan Taiteng and Fu Jin. Benefit the most, but the credit is not in the merit ranking. Among the heroes of the 18th Han Dynasty, there is suspicion of cronyism, or Xia Houying is the only one. After all, he made great contributions to the anti-Qin.

In fact, Chen Yi and Sean can join Liu Bang's cronyism, because these two people have a special affinity with Liu Bang. Chen Yi and Liu Bang hit it off because of their common hobby. Both of them were admirers of Wei's son Xin, so when the world was stable, Chen Yi was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the two armies of Zhao. Sean didn't make much contribution in the war. He had an indescribable history of leaving Liu Bang.

You know, after years of war, even in big counties, there are only five or three thousand households, which is almost equal to the king. When Xiang Yu made Wu Rui king of Hengshan Mountain, there were actually only six counties, and it was quite remote, probably far less than 30,000 households. As for the story of Liu Bang's strategizing and winning thousands of miles, it can't be confirmed in historical materials, but Sean's contribution to Liu Bang is by no means irreplaceable. When Xiang Yu was enfeoffed, Sean won a whole Hanzhong County for Liu Bang. With this one, it is enough to seal Wan Huhou. But Sean is well-advised, so he only chooses people who meet Liu Bang to stay as fiefs, and his land must be less than 10,000 households. But their contribution to Liu Bang's career is definitely greater than that mentioned above, so the trace of cronyism is not obvious.

In a word, it is basically human nature for people to give merits to others based on their own likes and dislikes, not just Xiang Yu's patent. On Liu Bang's side, he can't quit. However, Liu Bang's cronyism did not affect Liu Han's camp's struggle against the enemy. On the battlefield, we basically go all out. For the person you like, don't entrust important tasks, but reward them. Different from Xiang Yu's use of various items, such as item it, item crown, item welding, item stereo, are all failure records. So Liu Bang's cronyism is not as emotional as Xiang Yu's. This is another deep-seated reason for Liu Sheng's failure.