The picture shows the geographic information town in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province. Here, an industrial chain covering data collection, processing, application and service has been formed. Xinhua News Agency reporter Weng Yushe
Characteristic towns have played an active role in stimulating the vitality of new economic development and promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. The recent 20 19 national experience exchange meeting of characteristic towns proposed that we should proceed from reality, adjust measures to local conditions, persist in developing characteristic towns, build towns by industry, and promote the orderly development of characteristic towns.
Supporting the orderly development of characteristic towns is one of the requirements of "20 19 Key Tasks of New Urbanization Construction". A few days ago, the 20 19 national experience exchange meeting of characteristic towns proposed that we should adhere to government guidance, enterprises as the main body and market-oriented operation, proceed from reality and adjust measures to local conditions, develop characteristic towns and build industrial towns, and promote the orderly development of characteristic towns.
Non-town non-district has a special mission.
Characteristic towns are expected to become a new platform to practice high-quality economic development and a new carrier to promote urban-rural integration and development.
As a new thing, characteristic towns are first explored by local governments and are highly concerned by the central government. Characteristic towns are different from characteristic towns. Characteristic town is an innovative and entrepreneurial platform that gathers characteristic industries on several square kilometers of land and integrates the ecological space of production and life, which is different from administrative towns and industrial parks. The main connotation is that the industry is particularly strong, the function is combined, the shape is small and beautiful, and the mechanism is new and alive. Small towns with characteristics refer to administrative towns with dozens of square kilometers of land, a certain population and economic scale, and distinctive industries.
Experts pointed out that under the framework of implementing the new urbanization strategy and rural revitalization strategy in the new era, characteristic towns play a special role because of the characteristics of "non-town and non-district", which is expected to become a new platform for practicing high-quality economic development and a new carrier for promoting urban-rural integration and development.
"For new urbanization and rural revitalization, characteristic towns have played a unique role in urban-rural integration. Some characteristic towns are a pier between urban and rural areas, where urban and rural resources meet. Especially for rural areas, urban resources are supported and infiltrated into rural areas through small towns. " Feng Kui, researcher of China City and Small Town Reform and Development Center and secretary-general of academic committee, said.
"We further define characteristic towns as' basic units of urban functions'. The integration of production, life and ecological space is an important feature of characteristic towns. Characteristic towns are not only carriers of high-quality development, but also places to gather high-quality population and provide high-quality life. " Zhang Chewei, director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that characteristic towns play a very prominent role in the development of urban-rural integration: characteristic towns can be flexibly distributed in cities, suburbs and even rural areas as needed, thus becoming a policy tool to promote the development of urban-rural integration. The investment scale of characteristic towns is generally in the billions or even tens of billions. If the countryside is laid out, it can radiate dozens or even hundreds of square kilometers around it, which will drive the surrounding villages to find jobs. Population agglomeration will also increase the demand for agricultural products, improve the efficiency of agricultural production, and become the endogenous driving force for rural revitalization.
Standardizing, Rectifying Deviations, and Radical Rectification
Recognizing the inherent law of development, the development of characteristic towns should take the road of market operation and have real industrial support.
Since 20 16, there have been some chaotic and even distorted problems in the construction of some characteristic towns. On the one hand, there are too many and unclear concepts, some false towns that abuse concepts, virtual towns that lack investors and have not started construction, and characteristic towns and characteristic towns are confused; On the other hand, the quality is not high, the characteristics are not obvious, the industrial demonstration of some characteristic towns is not in place, the industrial characteristics are not clear, the level is low, the technology is weak, and there is no agglomeration effect. In some areas, there are even signs of increasing government debt risk and real estate.
In Feng Kui's view, the main reason for these problems is that they do not recognize the inherent law of the development of characteristic towns, the complexity of the development of small towns, and the phenomenon of blind development has appeared. Although the characteristic town is small, it is "all-inclusive", with a variety of factors gathering and functional integration, which is extremely difficult to build.
"Some county and city governments have blindly proposed to build dozens of characteristic towns; Some planning groups do not attach importance to the analysis of various restrictive conditions for the development of small towns; Some enterprises have embarked on the old road of traditional park development and real estate development. " Feng Kui said.
In order to solve these problems, from 2065438 to February 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission and other four departments jointly issued "Several Opinions on Standardizing and Promoting the Construction of Characteristic Towns", clearly stating that characteristic towns should not be regarded as a basket, and everything should be put in it, and industrial parks, tourist attractions, sports bases, beautiful countryside, pastoral complexes, administrative towns and so on should not be blindly labeled. From August 2065438 to August 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Notice on Establishing a High-quality Development Mechanism for Small Towns with Characteristics, and put forward some standardized management measures. Since then, the construction of small towns with ethnic characteristics has gradually returned to rationality, and the rectification work has achieved certain results.
"By paying tuition fees and buying classes, the thinking is clear now, which is conducive to the healthy development of characteristic towns." Feng Kui said.
According to the data released at the recent 20 19 national characteristic town on-site experience exchange meeting, as of 20 18 12 3 1, according to the work arrangements of relevant departments in the State Council, after two batches of 403 "national characteristic towns" were renamed as national characteristic towns, there are two existing characteristic towns, namely national sports. Judging from the work of the provinces, the provinces have eliminated and rectified 385 "problem towns". Among them, 70 were eliminated and rectified in the list of provincial characteristic towns, and 996 were temporarily retained; 174 eliminated and rectified in the list of characteristic towns at city, county and district level; And 1 was eliminated from the list of characteristic towns named by market entities outside the government.
The "20 19 Key Tasks of New Urbanization Construction" issued a few days ago clearly proposed to support the orderly development of characteristic towns. Establish a standardized rectification mechanism, carry out monitoring and evaluation year by year, and eliminate administrative towns that abuse concepts, false towns that abuse concepts, and virtual towns that lack investors. Organize the formulation of the standard system of characteristic towns, and timely improve the institutional mechanisms and policies and measures to support the orderly development of characteristic towns. Comprehensive investigation and evaluation of the construction of characteristic small towns.
Zhang Chewei believes that characteristic towns should handle the relationship between the government and the market well, and the development of characteristic towns should take the road of market operation, have real industrial support, and at least make profits. At the same time, the government should give guidance and support from planning and design, land, industrial policy and finance.
"As far as characteristic towns are concerned, government departments should encourage them while restraining them." Feng Kui said that it is necessary to encourage the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation and create conditions for eligible subjects to participate. At the same time, the means of restraint should be strict and the bottom line should be adhered to, including preventing real estate, preventing the development of small towns from causing government debt risks, preventing land waste and preventing the ecological environment from being destroyed. These bottom lines must be kept by the government.
Set rules and indicate the direction.
Promote the typical experience that has been proved to be effective in practice throughout the country, guide more characteristic towns to adapt to local conditions, learn from them, and actively explore their own development path.
"The construction of characteristic towns must not only set rules, but also point out the direction." Zhang Chewei said.
In recent years, in accordance with the requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, various regions have actively learned from Zhejiang's experience, closely combined with local conditions, strengthened planning guidance and policy incentives, and emerged a number of characteristic towns with distinctive industrial characteristics, concentrated elements and livable and suitable industries, which have played a positive role in stimulating the vitality of new economic development, promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and promoting the inheritance and protection of historical culture.
It is necessary to standardize rectification and lead the way. 20 19 The on-site experience exchange meeting of national characteristic towns promoted "the first round of typical experience of national characteristic towns", including five aspects. The first is the experience of Zhejiang Deqing Geographic Information Town, Hangzhou Dream Town and Fujian Ningde Lithium-ion New Energy Town in creating a new engine for the agglomeration and development of emerging industries. The second is the experience of Zhejiang Zhuji Socks Art Town, Guangdong Shenzhen Dalang Fashion Town and Jilin Changchun Hongqi Smart Town in exploring new paths for the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. Third, Suzhou Suzhou Suzhou embroidery town opened up a new space for the urbanization of agricultural transfer population. Fourthly, the experience of Dayushan Town in Jiangxi Province and Sangua Commune Town in Hefei, Anhui Province in creating a new fulcrum for urban-rural integration development. Fifth, the experience of building a new platform for the inheritance and protection of traditional culture in Lv Wen Town of Xiqing Yangliuqing, Tianjin.
"This is a typical experience that has been proved to be effective in practice and promoted nationwide, with a view to guiding more characteristic towns to adapt to local conditions, learn from them and actively explore their own development path." Zhang Chewei believes that this kind of measure and practice is a change in the way and means of government governance, a practice of insisting that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation and better plays the role of the government, which is conducive to guiding the development of characteristic towns and producing greater results.