Clivia, also known as Clivia grandiflora, Lycoris radiata. Clivia's name was named by Okubo Li Lang, a professor at Japan University of Science in Meiji 52. Because of its Latin name, rich, noble and beautiful original intention, Clivia has been used since it was introduced to China.
The horticultural cultivation of Clivia has a history of 170 years. 1823, Clivia hobilis Lindl was discovered by an Englishman, Beauvais, in Fangbukononi, South Africa, and cultivated in Clive's private garden in Norland, northern England. In 1828, he named it Clivia according to international code of botanical nomenclature. CliviaminiataRegel, named by Regel in 1846, is located in the Drakens Mountains of natal province, poulter, in Nanding.
Clivia was introduced to Europe in11920s, and cultivated in Germany, Britain, Denmark, Belgium and other countries. 1854 was introduced to Japan from Europe. Clivia was introduced into China through two channels: first, it was introduced into Changchun, China from Japan, and second, it was introduced into Qingdao, China from Germany. Clivia Changchun was introduced from Japan by 1932. At first, it was only cultivated in the puppet Manchu court and the imperial garden for a few people to watch. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Germans brought Clivia and Clivia to Qingdao. Clivia was called German orchid in Qingdao at that time. Because of its narrow and long leaves, it was later called Qingdao Daye, which was cultivated and enjoyed only in the German Concession. 1945 After the recovery of Manchukuo, Clivia was cultivated by people in the palace.
Clivia is a unique flower with high ornamental value, elegant plant shape, symmetrical and tall leaves, evergreen all the year round, like a modest gentleman; Flowers are graceful, like a graceful girl. You can enjoy flowers in one season, fruits in three seasons and leaves in four seasons. Clivia's green flag leaves hold up flaming flowers, which often bloom in winter and spring, Christmas, New Year's Day and Spring Festival, giving people a symbol of happiness, auspiciousness, elegance and wealth. It is one of the top ten famous flowers in China.
Picture appreciation
Clivia, Clivia grandiflora, Clivia pendula, Clivia Jun Zi.
Cultivation management
Clivia likes a cool and humid environment. I am afraid of the scorching sun in summer and the cold in winter. The temperature is 15 ~ 25℃, which is the suitable period for its growth. Below 10℃, the growth is slow; Dormancy below 5℃; Leaves below 0℃ will be frozen, and even freeze to death in severe cases. Clivia is also afraid of hot sun and high temperature. When the temperature is above 30℃, the leaves will turn yellow and scorch, or the whole plant will die. Clivia likes to grow in loose and well-drained acid soil.
Key points of four seasons maintenance of Clivia: avoid wind blowing in spring; Avoid sun exposure in summer; Avoid rain and water spray in autumn; Avoid low temperature drying in winter.
First, prepare a pot of soil. Clivia is a fleshy root, which requires loose, fertile and well-drained soil, and grows best in slightly acidic soil (PH 6.2-6.7). Rotten chicken manure and pond mud can be mixed at a ratio of 4: 6, and pine needles, decomposed organic fertilizer and river sand are best mixed at a ratio of 5: 3: 2.
Second, light. Clivia likes semi-shade, especially in summer, when the sun shines directly, it is easy to get sunburned. Therefore, it is best to shade the sun in summer, with half yin and half yang, and the leaves are dark green; But there should be enough sunshine and good illumination in winter, which is an important condition for big flowers and bright colors.
Third, humidity. Clivia likes to grow in a humid environment, the relative humidity of the air should be no less than 60%, and the leaves are shiny; The environment is dry, the leaves are dull, even wilting, the leaves are yellow and the growth is not good. Therefore, in summer with high temperature and rapid evaporation, water should be sprayed on the ground and leaves around the basin 2-3 times a day to humidify and cool down and keep the leaves clean. But be careful not to let the water flow to the roots to prevent the basin soil from waterlogging.
Fourth, water. Accurately mastering the wet and dry condition of Clivia basin soil is the key to watering. The method is not to dry, but to pour thoroughly. Spring and autumn grow vigorously, and the amount of water can be larger to keep the basin soil moist; The "dog days" have a large evaporation. If it is well ventilated, you can water it more. If the weather is sultry and the ventilation is not good, water less. "Three or nine days" basically stopped growing and was not suitable for watering. In order to keep the basin soil moist, you can spread a layer of moss on the basin surface.
Fifth, fertilization. In line with the principle of "thin fertilizer and diligent application", it is forbidden to apply thick fertilizer or raw fertilizer to avoid leaf burning and root rot. Organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed. The suitable growth temperature of Clivia is 15-25℃. If it can be controlled within this range, fertilization can be continued all year round. If it is natural temperature, it should be applied more in spring and autumn, and less or no application in Xia Dong. Fertilizers with more nitrogen, such as decomposed cake fertilizer, are applied to non-flowering plants (annual seedlings are not fertilized), and fertilizers with more potassium can be applied in late autumn, which can not only promote the robust growth of leaves, stems and roots, but also improve the cold resistance and disease resistance. For flowering plants, more decomposed cake fertilizer should be applied in spring, especially in autumn, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can also be used for top dressing in the morning and evening.
Sixth, improve the soil. Change the soil once a year. When planting, it should not be too deep. As long as the soil is buried in the fleshy root neck, the surface can be covered with moss.
Clivia should be sprayed with clear water frequently in the maintenance throughout the year, and it is best to dry it with a fine cloth after spraying, which can not only increase the smoothness of leaves, but also improve the ornamental value.
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Standard for ideal varieties of Clivia
What is the standard of ideal Clivia? The flower proverb tells us that "round, short, wide, thick, hard, flowery, bright, jumping, tired and stiff".
"Round" means that the head of a leaf should be round. It is egg-shaped and has no sharp corners. The whole plant should be round, so that the face is like a fan and the leaves are not seven long and eight short.
"Short" refers to the length of the blade, which should be around 200mm. The neck of the blade is short and closes quickly. A leaf looks like a ping-pong bat.
"Width" means that the width of the blade itself should be greater than 100 mm. The pulse span of the two longitudinal pulses should be wide, about 5 mm or more.
"Thickness" refers to the thickness of the blade, which should be more than 2mm.
"Hard" means hardness and elasticity, and it feels hard without chaff.
"Flower" refers to the color contrast between leaves and veins.
"Bright" means shiny leaves.
"Bounce" refers to the degree of swelling of the vein. It is required that the vertical and horizontal textures are obviously convex and thick, and the vertical and horizontal textures intersect at right angles to form a regular concave-convex shape.
"Greasy" means that the blade has a delicate structure and a smooth feel.
"Standing" means that the leaves are straight and upright, the negative film is flat and not drooping, and other leaves grow with their heads held high at equal intervals, so as to achieve the perfect plant shape of "looking at a line from the side and facing up like a fan".