Shantou was originally a fishing village on the seashore of Jieyang (later living in Chenghai). In the Yuan Dynasty, a large fishing village called "Xia Ling" was formed in the present photochemical department. By the ninth year of Jiajing (AD 1530), a sand ridge was formed between the Malao Palace on Waima Road and Qilu, which was called "sand mountain". In the third year of Wanli (1575), sand ridges piled up into pieces, which was called "Shashanping". In the fifty-sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (17 17), a battery and a smoke pier were built at the current site of Shantou Sub-branch of Waimalu People's Bank, which was called "Shashantou". Later, the Qing government set up a station here to collect salt tax, referred to as "Shantou". In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1809), more and more merchant ships were berthed, so it was called "Shashantou Port". Before the opening of the port, the "Juck Zhang Guild Hall" had been established, and business activities were increasingly active, which had taken shape as a commercial port. After Shantou opened its port, opium and foreign commodities were continuously imported, and a large number of "piglets" (contract Chinese laborers) were continuously transported to colonies of various countries as coolies. Britain, Germany, France, Norway, the United States, Japan and other countries have set up consulates to carry out economic, cultural and military aggression.
Shantou is named after the sand ridge formed by sediment accumulation in Yu Haibin. Due to the continuous alluvial sediment and tidal waves along the Hanjiang River, a natural sand dike was formed in the old city of Shantou today, which was called "Shantou" and was originally called "Shantou". Shantou is also known as Tuodao. Stripe is a small, round and spotted fish, which belongs to a kind of shark and is called shark strip. Shantou is located on the Tuojiang River, surrounded by water on three sides, and was once a peninsula in history. In the past, the bay was rich in sharks, so it was called "Tuo Island".
Opening port-Shantou has a history of 140 years. It used to be a rough bay, but it was only because of the alluvial sediment carried by the Han River in recent hundreds of years that it floated up from the bottom of a friend's sea. In the Yuan Dynasty, a large fishing village was initially formed in the present photochemical department area, which was called "Xia Ling" in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), and the Yuqian household in Pengzhou was located here. In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1575), the sand ridges at the mouth of the Han River had accumulated into pieces, which was called "Shashanping" in history. In the fifty-sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 17 17), smoke piers and forts were built here, which were called "Shashantou". From Yongzheng (AD 1730) to Qianlong, more and more people moved here to live. In addition to fishing and farming, they also use seawater to dry salt, and salt vendors from all over the world often come here to sell salt. The Qing government set up a station here to collect salt tax. Shantou for short. Shantou is also called "Tuo Island". Later, with the increasing frequency of merchant ships in the past, the Qing government set up a "Chang Guan" in Fangji Mountain (now Cocoon Island) in the 21st year of Qianlong (AD 1756) to collect the customs duties on commercial transportation between the north and the south, which was the earliest customs in Shantou.
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After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC)-1949- 10 after the establishment of new China, the organizational system was reorganized and the Chaoshan area was established; 1953 65438+ 10 merged with Huiyang and Xingmei regions to form the Guangdong administrative office; 1February 1956, together with xingge, was called Shantou area.1February 1965, xingmei set up an independent zone, and Shantou and its counties were called Shantou area. After several changes. But Shantou is the seat of local or regional party and government organs. 198 1 year 1 1 month, Shantou set aside a piece of land to establish Shantou Special Economic Zone. 1In July, 983, the cities merged and established the system of city leading counties, which governed Chenghai, Nan 'ao, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Jiexi, Puning, Huilai, Raoping and Chaozhou. 1989 65438+ 10 Chaozhou was designated as a provincial city. 1991On April 6th, the State Council approved the expansion of Shantou Special Economic Zone to the whole city of Shantou, covering an area of 234 square kilometers, and it was officially implemented on June 199 1 1. The State Council 199 1 year 65438+February decided to adjust the administrative divisions of Chaoshan area and set up three prefecture-level cities: Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. 1April, 993, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Chaoyang county and the establishment of a city (county level); 1April, 994, the state of Liaoning approved Chenghai to withdraw from the county and set up a city (county level); In the same month, the State Council approved the transfer of heqing town, Chaoyang City, to Shantou City and the establishment of Hepu District (county level). So far, Shantou City has jurisdiction over five county-level districts, namely Longhu, Jinyuan, Shengping, Dahao and Hepu, and Nan 'ao County, and is in charge of Chaoyang City and Chenghai City.
Jinping district, Shantou City was approved by the State Council in March 2003. It consists of the original Shengping District, Jinyuan District, Xunhui Neighborhood Committee of Shixian Street in Dahao District and the area north of Longxi Road in longhu district.
1949 65438+1After liberation on October 24th, Shantou was designated as a prefecture-level city under the provincial jurisdiction, and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth district offices were established in the city. The following year, jing sha, Qishan Town and Dajiao Town of Bichenghai County were merged into the suburbs of Shantou. 1950, the Chaoshan Commissioner's Office was established in June, 5438+00, which governs eight counties: Chaoan, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Nan 'ao, Puning, Huilai and Chenghai. 1951July, according to the decision of Guangdong province19 Committee meeting, the east Guangdong office was established.
1952, 1 14 years 10 months, the Guangdong office was abolished, and the Guangdong administrative office was established to administer Chaoan, Raoping, Puning, Chenghai, Jieyang, Huilai, Meixian, Fengshun, Xingning, Jiaoling, Zijin and Longlong. 1On September 23rd, 955, with the approval of the State Council, the Guangdong Administrative Office was moved from Chaozhou to Shantou.
1956 1 161October 16. With the approval of the State Council, the Guangdong Provincial Administrative Office was abolished and Shantou District was established, located in Shantou City, which is a provincial city. The first district of the city was changed to Anping District, the second district to Tongping District, the third district to Park District and the fourth district to. Stone scenic area merged into Anping District. Shantou has jurisdiction over six counties: Chao 'an, Raoping, Chaoyang, Puning, Chenghai, Nan 'ao, Jieyang, Huilai, Meixian, Fengshun, Tai Po, Wuhua, Xingning, Pingyuan, Jiaoling and Chaozhou 15.
1958165438+1October 25th, with the approval of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chaozhou City was abolished and changed to Chengguan People's Commune of Chaoan County, and Shantou City was changed from provincial jurisdiction to Shantou City jurisdiction. At the same time, the urban area expanded, and Chenghai Pengxia Town was transformed into? Pohang, Hepu Township, Zhuyuan Township and Dahao Town in Chaoyang were included in Shantou City, and the suburban office of Shantou City was abolished and established. In the same year, Lufeng and Haifeng counties were included.
1965 19 In July, with the approval of the State Council, Jiexi County was established in part of Jieyang County and Lufeng County; In the same year, the Meixian Special Zone was established in Bimei County, Tai Po, Fengshun, Jiaoling, Pingyuan, Xingning and Wuhua counties. Shantou Special Zone governs Chaoan, Chaoyang, Puning, Raoping, Jieyang, Lufeng, Haifeng, Chenghai, Nan 'ao, Huilai, Jiexi1/and Shantou City.
1968 March 16 Shantou Revolutionary Committee was established with the approval of Guangdong Revolutionary Committee.
1975165438+1October 22nd, Shantou was restored as a provincial city with the approval of the State Council.
1 On March 2nd, 979, Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China notified the establishment of Shantou District Administrative Office, which was officially listed on June1980+1October1day.
1on August 26th, 1980, with the approval of the State Council, 1.6 square kilometers was set aside in longhu district, the east of Shantou City, to establish Shantou Special Economic Zone; 198 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year, approved by the superior, the management committee of Shantou Special Economic Zone in Guangdong Province was formally established; 1984165438+1October 29th, with the approval of the State Council, the area of Shantou Special Economic Zone was expanded from 1.6 square kilometers to 52.6 square kilometers. Longhu area (including Cocoon Island) is 22.6 square kilometers, and Guang 'ao area is 30 square kilometers. On August 26th, the 5th the NPC Standing Committee officially approved the establishment of Shantou Special Economic Zone.
1983 13 In July, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to abolish the organizational system of Shantou and implement the system of merging cities and counties, and Shantou became a municipality directly under the central government (officially approved by the State Council on February 22, 65438). Shantou City has jurisdiction over Jieyang, Raoping, Chenghai, Chaoyang, Nan 'ao, Puning, Huilai, Jiexi, Haifeng, Lufeng and Chaozhou, 1 county, Anping, Tongping, Park, Jinsha and suburb, and a special economic zone. On the 27th, the provincial party committee informed that Haifeng and Lufeng counties were placed under the jurisdiction of Huiyang area from September 1 day. Shantou has jurisdiction over 8 counties (Chenghai, Raoping, South Australia, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai, Jieyang and Jiexi), 1 city (Chaoan County merged with Chaozhou and renamed Chaozhou City), 6 municipal districts (Anping, Tongping, Park, Jinsha, Dahao and Suburb) and special economic zones, with a total of 65430.
On February 29th, 1983, 1983, the Municipal Party Committee issued the Notice on Adjusting the Administrative Divisions of Municipal Districts, and the urban area was adjusted to six municipal districts. The administrative areas of Anping, Tongping, Park and Jinsha District remain unchanged; The original suburb was divided into Dahao District and Suburb. The zoning adjustment will be implemented from 1984 65438+ 10/day (approved by the State Council on October 29th).
On June1984 65438+1October 10, the Guangdong Provincial People's Government decided to entrust Shantou City to take charge of Chaozhou City.
1989 65438+ 10 1 With the approval of the Guangdong Provincial People's Government, Chaozhou is listed as a city under the jurisdiction of the province and enjoys the economic management authority at the city (prefecture) level.
1991April 6th, the State Council agreed to expand the scope of Shantou Special Economic Zone to Shantou City. The expanded boundaries of Shantou Special Economic Zone are: Xinjin River, a tributary of Hanjiang River in the east, coastline in the south, Pu Sang Mountain Basin in the northwest, Haojiang River in the southwest and Longkeng Mountain Basin in the north. The area has expanded from 52.6 square kilometers to about 234 square kilometers. The adjustment plan shall be implemented from 199 1 year 1 month1.
1991September 14, with the approval of the State Council, the administrative divisions of Shantou City were adjusted, and the six municipal districts of Anping, Tongping, Park, Jinsha, Dahao and suburbs in Shantou City and the two districts of Longhu and Guang 'ao in the former Shantou Special Economic Zone were adjusted into four municipal districts of Longhu, Jinyuan, Shengping and Dahao.
199 1 year 65438+February 7, the State Council decided to adjust the administrative divisions of Shantou and Chaozhou: First, Chaozhou was upgraded to a prefecture-level city, and Chaoan County and Raoping County of Shantou City were placed under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou City; Second, cancel Jieyang County, set up Jieyang City (prefecture level), and put Jiedong County and Jiexi, Puning and Huilai counties in Shantou under the jurisdiction of Jieyang City; 3. Shantou has jurisdiction over Chaoyang, Chenghai and Nan 'ao counties and four districts in the city, covering an area of 2,064.4 square kilometers.
1April 993 15 was reported to the State Council by the provincial people's government for approval, and it was agreed to cancel Chaoyang County and establish Chaoyang City in the original administrative area, which was directly under the provincial government. The provincial people's government decided to entrust Shantou City to manage Chaoyang City.
1994, approved by the State Council: (1) Expand the administrative area of municipal districts and add Hepu District. On April 25th, the State Council approved to transfer the jurisdiction of Hepu Town of Chaoyang City to Shantou City, cancel the establishment of Hepu Town and set up Hepu District (county level). Hepu District is not a special zone, with a total administrative area of 52.80 square kilometers. After the adjustment and change, Shantou has jurisdiction over Longhu, Jinyuan, Shengping, Dahao and Hepu, with a total area of 298.3 square kilometers. (2) Chenghai County withdrew from the county to build the city. On April 2 1 day, the Provincial Civil Affairs Department approved the Shantou Municipal People's Government; The provincial people's government reported to the State Council for approval to cancel Chenghai County and establish Chenghai City (county level). The former administrative area of Chenghai County was Chenghai City, and the provincial people's government decided to entrust Shantou City to manage Chenghai City.
In 2000, according to the data of the fifth national census, the total population of Shantou was 4671.279; Dahao District 184746, longhu district 255888, Jinyuan District 459687, Shengping District 290768, Hepu District 79023, Nan 'ao County 70352, Chaoyang City 24708 12 and Chenghai City 860003.
In 2002, Shantou had jurisdiction over 5 districts 1 county, 2 county-level cities, 53 streets, 38 towns, 606 village committees and 549 neighborhood committees.
On June 29th, 2003, the State Council approved (Guo Han [2003] 1 1) to adjust the administrative divisions of Shantou City.
(1) Cancel Shengping District and Jinyuan District of Shantou City and establish jinping district of Shantou City. The former Shengping District and Jinyuan District (excluding the East Zone of High-tech Development Zone, that is, Tianshan North Road in the east, Huashan North Road in the west, Shantou Special Economic Zone North Boundary Line in the south, Science and Technology North Third Street in the north, Science and Technology West Road and then Science and Technology North Second Street in the south, Xunhui Neighborhood Committee of Qianshi Street in the original Dahao District, and the area north of Longxi Road in longhu district (that is, Huashan North Road in the east, Longhugou in the west, Longxi Road in the south, and the north). The District People's Government is located in Jinsha Middle Road (formerly the resident of Jinyuan District People's Government).
(2) Abolish Hepu District and Dahao District of Shantou City and set up Haojiang District of Shantou City. The administrative areas of Dahao District (excluding Xunhui Neighborhood Committee of Jieshi Street) and Hepu District are Haojiang District. District People's Government in Fu Qian Road (formerly resident of Dahao District People's Government).
(3) The county-level Chaoyang City was abolished, and Chaoyang District and Chaonan District of Shantou City were established respectively. The administrative area of Chaoyang District is four streets of Wenguang, Chengnan, Jinpu and Mianbei, and the administrative areas of Haimen, Hexi, Heping, West Road, Guanbu, Zaopu, Jinyu, Gurao, Guiyu and Tongyu 10 towns. The District People's Government is located in Zhonghua Road (formerly the residence of Chaoyang Municipal People's Government). The administrative areas of Chaonan District are 12 Xiashan, Du Jing, Sharon (Sharon and Tian Xin Town are also called Longtian Town), Narita, Tian Xin, Simapu, Chendian, Liang Ying, Xiancheng, Huagang, Red Square and Leiling Town. Xiashan town people's government.
(4) Chenghai City was abolished at the county level and Chenghai District of Shantou City was established. The administrative area of Chenghai City (excluding Waisha Town and Xinxi Town) is the administrative area of Chenghai District. District People's Government in Wenguan Road (formerly the resident of Chenghai Municipal People's Government).
(5) The former towns of Waisha and Xinxi in Chenghai City and the former East District of Jinyuan High-tech Development Zone (that is, Tianshan North Road in the east, Huashan North Road in the west, Shantou Special Economic Zone in the south, Science and Technology North Third Street in the north, Science and Technology West Road in the south and Science and Technology North Second Street in the south) were placed under the jurisdiction of longhu district.
On March 13, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government held a mobilization meeting for the adjustment of administrative divisions in Shantou City to make overall arrangements for the implementation of the adjustment of administrative divisions. /kloc-on March 26th and April 60th, 2000, the handover of the former Xunhui neighborhood committee in Dahao District, Waisha Town in Chenghai City and Xinxi Town was successfully completed. At the end of June, Shantou completed the task of administrative division adjustment. (According to Shantou Special Zone Yearbook, 2004 edition)
Before zoning adjustment: Jinyuan District covers an area of 38 square kilometers, with a population of 430,000, and its postal code is 515041; Dahao District covers an area of 98 square kilometers, with a population of190,000 and a postal code of 5 1507 1. Longhu district covers an area of 47 square kilometers, with a population of1.8000 and a postal code of 5 1.504654.38+0. Shengping District covers an area of 66 square kilometers, with a population of 3 1 0,000 and a postal code of 5 1502 1. Hepu District covers an area of 64 square kilometers with a population of 80,000, and its postal code is 5 15 13 1. Chenghai covers an area of 403 square kilometers and has a population of 830,000. Chaoyang City covers an area of 1.256 square kilometers, a population of 25 1.000, and a postal code of 5 1.5 1.000, which governs 22 towns in 4 streets (the area and population are subject to the 2003 edition). After the adjustment of zoning, Shantou has jurisdiction over six districts (Longhu, Jinping, Haojiang, Chaoyang, Chaonan and Chenghai) and 1 county (South Australia). The six districts have a total area of 1950 square kilometers and a population of 4.54 million.
By the end of 2003, Shantou had jurisdiction over 6 municipal districts, 1 county, 37 streets, 32 towns, 50 1 neighborhood committee and 59 1 village committee. The total population is 4846352.
June 5438+February 3, 2005 1, Shantou city governs 6 municipal districts,1county, 37 streets and 32 towns.
By the end of 2008, Shantou had jurisdiction over 6 municipal districts, 1 county, 44 streets and 30 towns, in which Jinping Longhu and Chenghai were the main urban areas (Chenghai only included Chengcheng, Bart, Laiwu and Shang Hua), and Chaoyang, Haojiang and Chaonan were the sub-urban areas.