-"Zhao Zhouqiao"
It is no exaggeration to say that cultural heritage inherits the history, culture and values of a country and a nation, and it is also related to the future and destiny of the country. The reason why UNESCO adheres to the spirit of the World Heritage Convention and the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage is precisely to emphasize the values of cultural respect, human sharing and peaceful development.
Cultural heritage includes material cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage.
Material cultural heritage is mainly cultural relics with historical, artistic and scientific values, including movable cultural relics and immovable cultural relics. Immovable cultural relics refer to ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, cave temples, stone carvings, murals, important historical sites in modern times and representative buildings. Movable cultural relics refer to important objects, works of art, documents, manuscripts, books and materials, representative objects, etc. In various periods of history, it is divided into precious cultural relics and general cultural relics; Precious cultural relics are divided into first-class cultural relics, second-class cultural relics and third-class cultural relics.
China is a country with a long history. Naturally, there are many precious historical heritages, 24 of which are listed in the World Heritage List. For example:
The Great Wall (1987 listed in the World Heritage List)
The Great Wall in China is the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization. It was built more than 2000 years ago during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, it became the Great Wall of Wan Li. It was built on a large scale during the Han Dynasty. The vastness of its project and the grandeur of its momentum can be called a miracle of the world. Times have changed, things have changed, and now when you climb the ruins of the Great Wall. You can not only witness the majestic posture of the Great Wall in the mountains, but also appreciate the great wisdom and courage of the Chinese nation in creating history.
Imperial Palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties (Forbidden City in Beijing and Forbidden City in Shenyang) (1987 included in the World Heritage List)
The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is the largest and most complete ancient wooden structure complex in the world, and it is also the largest and most complete ancient architecture complex in China.
Shenyang Forbidden City is a palace built by the Qing Emperor Nurhachi and the Qing Emperor Taizong Huang Taiji. Fu Lin, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, acceded to the throne here and proclaimed himself emperor. Shenyang Forbidden City is a national key cultural relics protection unit. It is one of the two existing complete palace buildings in China (on July 1 day, 2004, the 28th World Heritage Committee meeting held in Suzhou, China approved the inclusion of Shenyang Forbidden City in China as an extension of the cultural heritage of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the World Heritage List).
Shaanxi Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors Pit (1987 included in the World Heritage List)
The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is located in Lintong District, 35 kilometers east of Xi, Shaanxi Province. Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum is the first multi-ethnic centralized country in China history, which was built by Qin Shihuang from 246 BC to 208 BC. It is also the first imperial cemetery in China history. Its scale is huge, and the funerary objects are rich, ranking first among the emperors' tombs in past dynasties, and it is the largest emperor's tomb. According to historical records, Qin Shihuang recruited 700,000 craftsmen to build this mausoleum. Construction time is as long as 38 years.
Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province (1987 listed in the World Heritage List)
Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu include Mogao Grottoes, West Thousand Buddha Cave and Yulin Grottoes. Among them, the Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Cave, located 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province, are the representatives of Dunhuang Grottoes. The Mogao Grottoes have five floors up and down, and the length from north to south is about 1600 meters.
Peking man site in Zhoukoudian, Beijing (1987 listed in the World Heritage List)
Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site is located in Longgushan, Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, Beijing. It's about 50 kilometers from Beijing. Pei Wenzhong, a paleontologist in China, discovered the teeth, bones and a complete skull of primitive humans here.
There are Potala Palace and Jokhang Temple, chengde mountain resort and its surrounding temples in Hebei, Confucius Temple in Shandong, Confucius Temple in Kong Lin, ancient buildings in Wudang Mountain in Hubei and Old Town of Lijiang in Yunnan. , including the newly identified Kaiping Diaolou and villages in Kaiping City, Guangdong Province. These are valuable historical and cultural heritages of our country.
World Cultural Heritage: Great Wall, Forbidden City in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Mogao Grottoes, Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, chengde mountain resort and its nearby temples, Potala Palace in Lhasa, Confucius Temple in Qufu, Pingyao Ancient City, Suzhou Classical Gardens, Old Town of Lijiang, Summer Palace, Temple of Heaven, Wuyishan, Dazu Stone Carvings, Qingcheng Mountain, Dujiangyan, Longmen Grottoes and ancient villages in southern Anhui-Xidi and Honghong in yi county.
World Cultural Landscape: Lushan Scenic Area,
World Natural Heritage: Huanglong Scenic Area, Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area, Wulingyuan Scenic Area and Three Parallel Rivers in Yunnan.
World cultural and natural heritage: Huangshan Mountain, Wudang Mountain ancient buildings, Emei Mountain and Leshan Giant Buddha, Taishan Mountain.
Intangible Cultural Heritage: Kunqu Opera and Guqin