One hundred years ago, Manzhouli was a vast grassland, known as "Horqin Prague", which means vigorous spring in Mongolian. The customs clearance in Manzhouli originated from an unequal treaty, namely1the Sino-Russian Anti-Enemy Mutual Assistance Treaty signed by Li Hongzhang and Russia in June, 896, which allowed Russia to build a Middle East railway from Chita, Russia to Suifenhe, China. From the start of 1897 railway to the official operation of 1903 railway, the foreign trade activities in Manzhouli gradually increased until 1903. At that time, the right of tariff autonomy and customs management was completely in the hands of foreigners, and customs became a tool for imperialism to carry out economic plunder. After the Revolution of 1911, the Qing government ended its rule, imperialism seized the right of customs revenue and expenditure, and China's customs sovereignty was completely lost. It is worth mentioning that in 1930, the Eurasian Airlines Manzhouli-Irkutsk route was opened, and the customs carried out international mail supervision, which became the originator of the international aviation supervision business at Manzhouli Port. After the September 18th Incident, Japan invaded the three northeastern provinces. 1On June 26th, 932, Manchukuo was taken over by the puppet Manchukuo, and the decrees and tax regulations of the Ministry of Finance of the puppet Manchukuo began to be implemented. It was not until 1945 that the Soviet Red Army entered Manchuria, Japan was defeated and surrendered, and Manchuria was in a dark period of Japanese rule, which lasted for 13 years. During the War of Liberation, Manchuria Office of Ximan Military Region of Northeast Democratic Allied Forces took over the operational jurisdiction of Manzhouli Customs. 1949 65438+ 10. On 3 October, Manzhouli Customs Bureau was formally established under the people's power, which undertook the tasks of supervision and taxation of import and export goods between China and the Soviet Union, effectively supporting the cause of national liberation.

During the period of socialist construction, the customs in Manchuria have undergone earth-shaking changes. With the birth of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the establishment of the General Administration of Customs, the sovereignty of customs is really in its own hands. 1950, Manzhouli Customs General Administration was renamed Manzhouli Customs. In February of the same year, Manzhouli Customs began to supervise the luggage, articles and import and export goods of inbound and outbound passengers. In the early 1950s, due to the blockade and embargo imposed by the imperialist camp on China's economy, the supervision business of China Customs was minimal. In that special period, the Sino-Soviet railway realized intermodal transport, the import and export freight volume at Manzhouli Port increased sharply, and a large number of living materials, military materials and large-scale equipment were cleared at Manzhouli Port, which made great contributions to the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, national economic recovery and socialist construction.

From 1952 to 1955, the import and export freight volume of Manzhouli Port ranks first in the national customs. Among them, the supervised freight volume of 1955 once reached 4180,000 tons, which was equivalent to the average supervised freight volume in the late 1990s. In that special historical period, in response to the call of cadres to support the frontier, customs in Shandong, Liaoning and other places sent personnel to support Manzhouli Pass respectively. On 1950 alone, 72 people were transferred to Manzhouliguan.

1955, in order to prepare for the establishment of Jining and Erenhot Customs, the General Administration of Customs transferred 67 cadres from local customs to Manzhouli Customs for training. According to the instructions of the superior old customs to support the new customs and the new customs to take care of the old customs, the superior decided to keep 16 cadres to study at Manzhouli Customs. These left-behind cadres came to Manchuria with sincere feelings for the party and the country, sincere feelings endowed by the times, and earth-shattering lofty sentiments, constantly adapting to the difficult working environment, working down-to-earth here, getting married and taking root here. After they arrived in Manzhouli Pass, they gave full play to their respective talents. 1964, they spontaneously developed a rectifier X-ray personal inspection instrument, which can detect some smuggled goods hidden by passengers, equivalent to the electronic door we use now, and became the earliest scientific and technological equipment at Manzhouli Pass. Through this equipment, Manzhouliguan seized antelope horns, watches, opium and so on. , was hidden by the inbound passengers.

In 1960s, due to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, the work of Manzhouli Customs fell into a historic low tide. During the Cultural Revolution, the leadership system of Manzhouliguan was decentralized to the lowest point and was managed by the Revolutionary Committee of Manzhouli City. At that time, the working policy of the customs changed from economic and political security to political and economic security, and the tax statistics of Manzhouli Customs were forced to be interrupted, and the supervision work was carried out normally, mainly to expose and report freight accidents.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the focus of national work has shifted to economic construction, and great changes have taken place in the customs work in Manzhouli. After 1982, Manzhouli Port became the main trade channel between China and the former Soviet Union. From 65438 to 0992, as Manzhouli was approved by the State Council as an open city in Yanbian, the business volume of Manzhouli Customs increased sharply, and all the work entered a standardized track. In June, 2002, Manzhouli Port was listed as one of the 13 ports in Shanghai, and Manzhouli Railway Port was one of the two key railway ports.

Entering the 2nd1century, Manzhouli Customs actively practices the scientific customs management concept, faithfully performs the duties of customs supervision service, comprehensively, accurately and creatively implements the policy of "16" in customs work, and constantly integrates innovative business work, thus initially forming a comprehensive tax management pattern, deeply integrating strict supervision with efficient operation, and achieving remarkable results in tax collection and management and combating smuggling. Green channels have been established for imported crude oil, fertilizers, exported automobiles, fruits and vegetables, ensuring that goods are declared upon arrival, inspected upon arrival and released upon inspection, realizing barrier-free customs clearance and greatly improving the customs clearance speed of import and export goods. After years of reform and practice, the business indicators of Manzhouli Customs have doubled. In 2003, the supervised freight volume exceeded100000 tons for the first time, and in 2007 it exceeded 24 million tons. The tax revenue increased from 2 billion yuan in 2003 to 7.9 billion yuan in 2007, achieving a historic leap. In 2008, various business indicators of Manzhouli Customs were constantly refreshed. From June 5438 to July, the tax revenue has exceeded 6 billion yuan, and it is expected to exceed10 billion yuan by the end of the year.

The century-old history of Manzhouli Port is a history of hard struggle and selfless dedication, a history of brave construction, a history of United struggle and carrying forward the past! The new historical moment has opened a new development journey. On the basis of paying equal attention to management and service, Manzhouli Customs will devote itself to the overall situation of national construction, improve customs clearance efficiency, strengthen effective supervision, serve local economy and promote trade development with more enthusiasm, firmer determination and better style, and become the theme song of Manzhouli Customs in the new era.