Evolution for short is one of the most basic theories in biology. Evolution refers to the process of evolution and development, species elimination and species generation under the action of variation, heredity and natural selection. There is no life on the earth. Primitive life was formed about 3 billion years ago under certain conditions. Since then, organisms have evolved continuously, and today there are more than 6.5438+0.7 million species in the world. The theory of biological evolution was first put forward by charles robert darwin, and it was discussed in detail in his masterpiece The Origin of Species.

There are three classical evidences of evolution: comparative anatomy, paleontology and the law of embryo development recurrence.

Biological evolution can be divided into three levels: micro-evolution (the change of gene frequency in biological groups), the emergence of new species and macroevolution (jumping from one type to another, such as fish to amphibians). Modern synthesis theory perfectly explains the micro-evolution and the emergence of new species, and holds that the results obtained from the study of micro-evolution and the emergence of new species can be further extended to the great evolution. However, some biologists are skeptical about this inference. They think that great biological evolution may have its own mechanism. According to their point of view, the emergence of new biological types is the result of gene mutation during the development of biological embryos. Small mutations in embryonic development can lead to great changes in adulthood. Recent developmental biology research seems to prove this point: if a gene is expressed slowly during embryonic development, the fin will become a limb. It can be predicted that with the development of developmental biology, more and more major evolutionary problems will be solved.

The significance of the origin of species

An epoch-making work

It marks that the views of most learned people on the biological world and the status of human beings in the biological world have undergone profound changes in the 19 century.

Classic works that affect the historical process

One of the 10 books that shocked the world.

A masterpiece that has had a wide impact on the process of human development.

Classical translation that influenced modern China society.

1985 American Life Magazine selected the best books in human history.

1986 ideal books recommended by French reading magazines

1859165438+1October 24th, which is a very extraordinary day in London, England. On this day, many Londoners flocked to a bookstore to buy a newly published book. The first edition of this book, 1250 copies, was sold out on the day of publication.

This sensational new book is The Origin of Species, which is the first masterpiece of Darwin, the founder of evolution. The publication of this book, for the first time, established biology on a complete scientific basis, and overturned the theories of "creationism" and "species invariance" with a brand-new idea of biological evolution.

The publication of the Origin of Species caused a sensation in Europe and even the whole world. It dealt a heavy blow to the foundation of theocracy, and all reactionary churches and feudal literati were furious. They attacked Darwin's theory, calling it "blasphemy against the Holy Spirit", violating the "divine right of monarchy" and damaging human dignity. On the contrary, progressive scholars represented by Huxley actively promoted and defended Darwinism. The theory of evolution explodes people's ideological imprisonment, enlightens and educates people to liberate from the bondage of religious superstition.

Darwin's Origin of Species is of great significance, which can be used as a natural scientific basis for class struggle in history. Marx

1859 became the dividing line between the two "worlds" after the prehistory of science. The publication of the Origin of Species has brought about a revolution in biology, which is as significant and far-reaching as Marxism on the historical stage. Darwin was far away from the noise of big cities. He was preparing a revolution in his quiet manor. It is this kind of revolution that Marx himself prepared in the center of the world noise. The only difference is that the lever is applied to another point.

Westernization movement. . .