From February 1938 18 to August 23rd 1943, the Japanese carried out a strategic bombing of Chongqing, the capital of wartime China, for five and a half years. According to incomplete statistics, during this period, Japan bombed Chongqing more than 200 times, dispatched more than 9,000 planes and dropped more than 500 bombs1/kloc-0. More than 65,438+00,000 people were killed by bombers in Chongqing. More than 65,438+00,000 houses were destroyed, and most of the urban areas were destroyed. The Japanese air raid on Chongqing was the first strategic bombing in history after the Spanish Civil War1April 1937, when the Germans bombed guernica civilians. Its purpose is to destroy the morale of the other party's resistance by causing a large number of civilian casualties. Therefore, the bombing does not distinguish between the front and the rear, nor does it target military targets. On the contrary, it is mostly aimed at residential areas and bustling commercial areas. After that, Germany attacked Coventry, England in World War II. The British and American air strikes against Germany are all the same. When Japan bombed Chongqing, it used a large number of incendiary bombs for the first time to burn houses in the urban area. By the end of World War II, the United States also used the same means to deal with Japan, burning and bombing it on a large scale.

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1937 After the July 7th Incident, China launched War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. 165438+1In June, the national army lost in the Sino-Japanese War between Shanghai and Nanjing, and the National Government moved its capital to Chongqing as the wartime capital from165438+1October 20th.

From 1938 to 1938, Japan initially bombed Chongqing. There are fewer sorties, most of which are army aviation. 1938+00 After the Japanese army captured Wuhan in June, the Japanese army, under the orders of the Japanese Emperor, began a strategic bombing of Chongqing, hoping to shock the wartime capital Chongqing and hit the China government's will to resist the Japanese war. In the same year, from the end of 65438+February, the army began a strategic bombing of Chongqing. 1939 May, bombed by the navy. On May 3rd and 4th, Japanese planes took off from Wuhan and bombed the central area of Chongqing one by one, using a large number of incendiary bombs. Two days after the fire broke out in the center of Chongqing, the commercial street was burned to ruins, more than 2,000 people died, and 10 million people were homeless. Foreign embassies are also affected. The bombing was called the May 3rd and May 4th bombings.

1940 In May, the Japanese base camp launched "Battle 10 1", and Lu Haijun bombed the rear area of China at the same time. The army is dominated by Yuncheng in Shanxi, and the navy is dominated by Hankou. More than 2000 Japanese planes bombed Chongqing. In August 2009, the explosion of 65438+ was particularly tragic. The Japanese navy invested 140 bombers and bombed by zero fighters. More than 2,000 houses in Chongqing were destroyed, which was called the August 19th bombing.

194 1 At the beginning of the year, before launching the Pacific War, the Japanese concentrated on air strikes against China and launched a large-scale bombing called "Battle 102". 65438 10 to August, more than 3000 planes attacked Chongqing, including night air strikes. On June 5, Chongqing was bombed for several hours from evening to midnight. Some vents of a large air-raid shelter in Chongqing were blown down, resulting in insufficient ventilation in the cave. The residents in the cave crowded into the mouth of the cave because of breathing difficulties, which led to trampling on each other, and it is estimated that thousands of people died. It's called the sixth five-year tunnel massacre.

194 1 year later, in order to prepare for the Pacific War, the main force of Lu Haijun Air Force withdrew from China. After that, there was only sporadic bombing of Chongqing. 1943 After August, the Japanese army was unable to attack Chongqing, and the Chongqing bombing came to an end.