Cultural industry, the term appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. It first appeared in the book Dialectics of Enlightenment, co-authored by Hawke Hammer and Adorno. Its English name is Culture Industry, which can be translated into both cultural industries and cultural industries. As a special cultural form and special economic form, cultural industry affects people's grasp of the essence of cultural industry, and different countries have different understandings of cultural industry from different angles. UNESCO defines cultural industry as a series of activities that produce, copy, store and distribute cultural products and services according to industrial standards. It is defined from the perspective of industrial standardized production, circulation, distribution, consumption and re-consumption of cultural products.
The cultural industry takes the production and provision of spiritual products as its main activity and aims to meet people's cultural needs. It refers to the creation and sale of cultural meaning itself, including literary and artistic creation, music creation, photography, dance, industrial design and architectural design in a narrow sense.
Basic information
Chinese name
Cultural department
experts and scholars
Zhou Fan, Chen Shaofeng, Xiang Yong
research institute
Peking University Cultural Industry Research Institute
target
To meet people's cultural needs.
Industrial books
Forecast report on the development of cultural industry
Spread out completely
scale
In order to further comprehensively and objectively show the achievements of China's cultural reform and development at home and abroad, and give full play to the objectivity, simplicity and authority of statistical data, it is estimated that the added value of China's cultural industry is about 2.4 trillion yuan, accounting for about 4% of the GDP of that year. In order to achieve this goal, the average annual growth rate of cultural industry should reach 19% during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, which is 9 percentage points higher than the average annual growth rate of GDP (10%), so all provinces and cities are vigorously launching cultural industry projects.
According to the bulletin, by the end of 20 14, there were 287,400 cultural units owned and managed by the national cultural system, a decrease of 0.55 million from the end of last year. The number of employees was 2,040,200, a decrease of 1 1470 over the previous year. There are 3 1 17 public libraries, 5 more than the end of last year; The per capita collection of books was 0.58, an increase of 0.03 over the previous year; The total number of people in circulation in the whole year was 530.36 million, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year. There were 44,423 mass cultural institutions, an increase of 163 over the end of last year; Organized activities 1.472 million times, an increase of1.03% over the previous year; The number of people served was 506.68 million, an increase of 14.7%. There were 8769 art performance groups, an increase of 589 over the end of last year; The annual performance was 65,438+0,734,38+0,000, an increase of 5.3% over the previous year; Domestic audience was 9 10.2 million, up1.1%year-on-year; Rural performances were 1 140400, an increase of 8.5%, and rural performances accounted for 65.6% of the total performances, an increase of 2 percentage points over the previous year. 84 18 cultural relics institutions, an increase of 68 1 institution over the end of last year; At the end of the year, the national cultural relics institutions owned 40,635,800 cultural relics, an increase of 2,227,700 or 5.8%. The audience received 842.56 million person-times, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. By the end of 20 14, the State Council had published 1372 national intangible cultural heritage lists, and the Ministry of Culture identified 1986 national intangible cultural heritage projects as representative inheritors. In 20 14, the national cultural expenditure was 58.344 billion yuan, an increase of 5.295 billion yuan or 65.438+00.0% over the previous year, accounting for 0.38% of the total national fiscal expenditure, which was basically the same as that of the previous year. The national per capita cultural expenditure was 42.65 yuan, an increase of 3.66 yuan or 9.4% over the previous year. [ 1]
Beijing has always been the leader in the development of China's cultural industry. As early as 20 14, the added value of Beijing's cultural and creative industries reached 282.63 billion yuan, accounting for 13.2% of the regional economy. It is the second pillar industry in the capital economy, second only to the financial industry, and has a benchmarking effect in the country. In the first half of 20 15, there were 16 cultural and creative enterprises listed in the new third board market, accounting for 43% of the total number of listed enterprises in the same industry in China, ranking first in the country.
Judging from some sub-sectors of cultural and creative industries, Beijing also occupies a very important position in the country. In 20 13 years, the number of books published in Beijing reached192,000, accounting for 52% of the whole country. In 20 14, there were 3053 kinds of periodicals published in Beijing, accounting for 30.6% of the whole country. In 20 15 years, the box office revenue of Beijing movies was 310.50 billion, ranking first among major cities in China; According to the resident population, the number of movies per capita in Beijing reaches 3.3 times a year, the highest in the country; On average, 265438+ 10 million people have a screen, ranking first in the country per capita; Beijing produces 29/kloc-0 films, accounting for 42% of the national total; Among the top 20 domestic films at the box office, Beijing produced 13 films, accounting for 65%; Of the five domestic films with box office exceeding 1 100 million, four were produced in Beijing. In addition, Beijing's cultural performances, art transactions, design services, advertising exhibitions and other sub-sectors are also in the forefront of the country.