? The first stage is the introduction and development of track and field sports (1910-1948).

At that time, the economy was very backward, people could not make a living, wars were frequent, track and field sports were not carried out smoothly and the results were not good. But from the historical development, it has made important achievements in three aspects. First, the introduction, research and development of modern track and field sports. The organization, rules and systems of track and field events, as well as the setting of referees and staff in the first and second National Games of the Republic of China (19 14) are mostly arranged by foreign priests. The distance and results of track and field competitions are all in English. From 65438 to 0924, the track and field events of the Third National Games began to be undertaken by China people themselves. Metric units are used to measure track distance and track performance. These indispensable introductions and studies are not only the beginning of modern track and field in China, but also the important contributions of early track and field workers in the track and field history of China. 2. Women's events were established earlier in the track and field events of the 4th and 5th National Games of the Republic of China.

1928 Olympic Games has set up five women's events, while 1936 has only six. This fact shows that the early track and field workers in our country attached importance to and established women's track and field events very early, and made efforts to develop women's track and field sports. This is not easy in a country ruled and influenced by feudal ideology for a long time. Women's liberation in the Republic of China is also a historical factor for China women's track and field to go out of Asia and go to the world today. Third, China sprinter Liu Changchun opposed Japanese imperialism's invasion of China and publicly refused to represent the Puppet Manchukuo in the Olympic Games. His patriotism and the noble sentiment of the Chinese nation not afraid of power won the admiration and praise of the world and set an example for China athletes.

? The second stage is the stage of rapid popularization and improvement of track and field sports (1949-1966).

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China's track and field sports have been rapidly popularized and developed. The state, provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have created various conditions for popularizing and improving the competitive level of track and field sports. For example, a large number of new track and field venues and modern equipment; The State Sports Commission and several provinces and cities have established physical education departments and trained a large number of track and field teaching, training, scientific research and management talents. Many sports schools and amateur sports schools (including track and field classes) have been established. Track and field sports in universities, middle schools and primary schools have been widely popularized and improved, and a number of outstanding track and field athletes have been trained, and a number of athletes have begun to climb the peak of world track and field sports. In 1957, Zheng set a new world record for women's high jump with a score of1.77m, which shocked the world. 1959' s first national games and 1965' s second national games have greatly improved their athletic performance. 17 since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China has trained a number of world-class male and female high jumpers, hurdlers and discus throwers.

1965, the scores of more than 50 athletes in China reached the registration standard of 1964 Olympic track and field events. In the mid-1960s, the achievements of some track and field events in China have reached or approached the world level. During this period, China track and field athletes mainly competed and exchanged with European socialist countries and Asian athletes at that time, and rarely had the opportunity to compete with western track and field athletes. However, during this period, China translated and published some track and field monographs of the Soviet Union, the United States, Japanese and other countries, and also published many monographs and papers of China track and field experts and scholars, and edited and published track and field textbooks of China Institute of Physical Education. The teaching, training and academic research of track and field technology are very active, showing a thriving scene.

The third stage is the stage when the track and field sports suffered a catastrophe and the level of sports dropped obviously (1966-1976).

After the Cultural Revolution, many provincial and municipal track and field teams were dissolved, and many track and field teachers, coaches and researchers were criticized. We denied and destroyed track and field textbooks and papers, abolished the scoring system for referees and athletes, turned some track and field fields into competition venues, and almost completely stopped track and field competitions. Many excellent high-level athletes who are climbing the peak of track and field have died prematurely, which has caused irreparable losses to track and field in China. Therefore, the gap between China and the world's track and field has widened, with men and women lagging behind by about 25 years and 20 years respectively. The fourth stage is the rapid recovery and development of track and field sports, which began to rush out of Asia to the world (1977- present). Since the reform and opening-up, the majority of track and field workers have worked actively, the youth track and field sports have been rapidly restored and developed, athletes have worked hard, their understanding of scientific training has reached a higher level, and the opportunities to participate in world and international competitions and academic exchanges have increased. China's track and field sports began to rush out of Asia to the world. From 1983 to 1984, China athlete Zhu Jianhua set the world record for men's high jump three times in a row, with the results of 2.37m, 2.38m and 2.39m respectively. In the same period, Hong Yan and Xu Yongyong broke the world records of women's 5km and10km walking. 1984, China athletes participated in the 23rd Olympic Games for the first time. Zhu Jianhua won the bronze medal in the men's high jump and 24 points in the track and field competition.

At the 24th Olympic Games in 1988, Li won the bronze medal in women's shot put in track and field competition with 14. At the 10th Asian Games from 65438 to 0990, China track and field athletes won 29 gold medals. 199 1 At the 3rd World Athletics Championships, Huang Zhihong and Xu Demei won the women's shot put and javelin respectively. In the 25th Olympic Games (1992), Chen won the gold medal in the women's10km race walk, and China track and field athletes achieved a breakthrough of zero gold medal in the Olympic history. Huang Zhihong won the silver medal in shot put; Qu and Li Chunxiu won bronze medals in women's1500m and10km respectively. At 1993 the 4th World Athletics Championships, China female athletes won 4 gold medals, 2 silver medals and 2 bronze medals. China female track and field athletes once became a powerful force in world track and field. At the 7th National Games of 1993, Qu set the women's world record of1500m in 3 minutes 50.46 seconds. Wang set the world records of women's 3000m and10000m and 3 1.78 respectively in 29 minutes.

This year is a glorious year for track and field in China. At the 1994 1 1 Asian Games, China track and field athletes won 22 gold medals. In the 5th World Athletics Championships from 65438 to 0995, only Huang Zhihong won the silver medal in women's shot put. In this year's international and domestic track and field competitions, the performance of China athletes is average or declining. It was not until June 5438+the same year 10 that Wang's long-distance running level gradually recovered, and the appearance of rookie jiang bo brought new hope and vitality to the development of track and field in China. At the 26th Olympic Games, Wang won the gold medal in women's 5000m and the silver medal in women's 5000m with 1996. Eight female track and field athletes entered the top eight with a total score of 4 1. Men's track and field performance is average. 1At the 6th World Athletics Championships held in August, 1997, the number of medals won by Chinese track and field athletes was zero, which worried Chinese people.

From 1997 to 10, the scores of most track and field events in the Eighth National Games of China have been significantly improved. Jiang bo, a female middle-distance runner, broke the women's 5000m world record with 14: 28.0. Jiang bo and others also hit and approached the world record of 1500m. Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Yunnan and other places have seen a number of new female middle and long-distance runners, which once again inspired the Chinese people. At the 12 Asian Games in June, 1998, China track and field athletes won 15 gold medals. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, China's track and field athletes won the gold medal for the first time. Liu Xiang broke the Olympic record in the 1 10 meter hurdles, and Xing Huina won the women's 10000 meter hurdles. In 2006, Liu Xiang broke the world record in Lausanne with 12.88 seconds. In 2007, he won the Dashan World Championship with a time of 12.95 seconds. In the 2008 Olympic Games, Zhang Wenxiu won the bronze medal in hammer throw and Zhou Chunxiu won the bronze medal in marathon. Chen Ding broke the Olympic record in the men's 20km walking race at the 20 12 London Olympic Games, and Wang Zhen won the championship and the third place.