When reading the historical materials of Jiaodong, you will often see the official title of "the chief soldier of Dengzhou Town". At first, it was thought that its jurisdiction was limited to Jiaodong Peninsula, but after careful study, it was known that the company commanders of Dengzhou Town could not only govern Jiaodong military forces, but also once controlled green camp, Shandong Province, and was a big official in the town. On the basis of historical data, the following is a brief inventory of the historical origin and terms of reference of the company commanders in Dengzhou Town. 1 originated from the system that the Qing Dynasty inherited from the Ming Dynasty. Although the official title of Dengzhou Town Commander mainly existed in the Qing Dynasty, it began in the late Ming Dynasty. Dengzhou has always been an important place for coastal defense. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, troops were often stationed. In the early Ming Dynasty, in order to resist the Japanese pirates, there were Dengzhou Wei and Dengzhou Camp successively. By Wanli and the Apocalypse, the Korean War and the Later Jin War broke out one after another, especially after the loss of most of Liaodong Peninsula, Dengzhou's strategic position was further enhanced. Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty, Governor Deng Lai and General Commander Deng Lai were successively set up in Jiaodong to build a maritime defense line against the late Jin Dynasty. In the Guangxu edition of the Qing Dynasty, "Dengzhou Prefecture Records" contained: "In the first year of the apocalypse, Governor Dengse was set up to praise military affairs and was responsible for coastal garrison and Dongjiang Islands; In two years, we set up the Denglai General Command. " Company commander Deng Lai is in front of the company commander in Dengzhou Town. However, in the late Ming Dynasty, government decrees were changeable and local official positions were frequently adjusted. Governor Deng Lai and company commander Deng Lai set the time and time. Later, Governor Deng Lai was re-established and company commander Deng Lai moved to Linqing, and this post was no longer established. During the ten years from the end of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty, there were two generals in Shandong Province, Linqing Town controlled mountains and seas and Yizhou guarded Caohe River. The jurisdiction of the two towns is roughly bounded by the Great Wall of Qi, which belongs to Linqing Town and Yizhou Town. Jiaodong belongs to its land and is under the jurisdiction of Linqing Town. This situation gradually changed after eleven years of Shunzhi, Yizhou Town was changed to Jiaozhou Town, and in seventeen years of Shunzhi, Linqing Town was changed to Dengzhou Town. At this time, the official title of the company commander in Dengzhou Town officially entered the historical stage. 2. At the beginning of the establishment of the company commander under the jurisdiction of Dengzhou Town, the jurisdiction should be roughly the same as that of the original Linqing Town. The main camps under its jurisdiction are Wendeng Camp, Wuding Camp and Ningfu Camp. In the twenty-second year of Kangxi, Jiaozhou Town was reduced to Jiaozhou Camp, and the general governor was abolished and the deputy governor was changed. At this time, there is only one company commander left in Shandong, that is, the company commander of Dengzhou Town. According to the green camp system, the prefect is above the company commander. In the twenty-first year of Kangxi, the Shandong magistrate was abolished. Although the governor can also manage the company commanders, it belongs to the civil service sequence after all. Therefore, in the green camp system of Shandong Province at that time, the chief commander of Dengzhou Town was essentially the highest official position. Therefore, "Dengzhou County Records" said: "The 27 battalions in the province are all under the jurisdiction of this town." However, Dengzhou is located in a corner of Jiaodong, which is far from Shandong. The traffic in ancient times was inconvenient, which was beyond our reach. Therefore, during the Yongzheng period, the Qing court made another adjustment and set up Yanzhou Town in the mainland to divide and rule it with Dengzhou Town. After the adjustment, there are battalions such as Wendeng, Jiaozhou Second Concord, Jinan, Laizhou, Jimo, Qingzhou, Wuding, Anton, Ningfu and Shoule, which are under the command of the company commanders of Dengzhou Town. Judging from the current division, Dezhou, Dongying, Binzhou, Jinan, Zibo, Weifang, Yantai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao and other cities, as well as the coastline of Shandong Province, are all under the jurisdiction of the company commander of Dengzhou Town. During the Jiaqing period, the imperial court adjusted again, and Yanzhou Town was placed under Cao Zhou Town, and some areas of Dengzhou Town were placed under Yanzhou Town. After the adjustment, Jinan Camp, Wuding Camp and Andong Camp were placed in Yanzhou Town, and the rest were placed in Yanzhou Town. At this time, the jurisdiction of the company commanders in Dengzhou Town is roughly equivalent to the land of Dengzhou, Laizhou and Qingzhou (similar to Denglaiqing Road in the civil service), which is the Jiaodong area in the broadest sense. 3. Dengzhou Town, as a representative of previous generals, is close to the Bohai Strait and controls the throat of Gyeonggi, so it is highly valued by the court. Emperor Qianlong once said in the imperial edict: "The general in Dengzhou Town, Shandong Province is in urgent need of soldiers, and Gu Chun is specially transferred to make up for it." In this context, it is no ordinary person to be a company commander in Dengzhou Town. In the eleventh year of Qianlong, he was transferred to the company commander of Dengzhou Town. It was Ma Shoushu, a Chinese army with a yellow flag. Ma's name sounds like a scholar, but he is a born martial arts champion. According to historical records, in the first year of Qianlong, Ma Fushu was admitted to the first-class martial arts school and was awarded the first-class bodyguard. Five years, awarded the Shandong Laizhou Daying. In seven years, he moved to Jiaozhou Battalion as an assistant general. Eleven years as a company commander in Dengzhou Town. The company commander is a second-class military attache, and it may take decades for ordinary people to get on. However, Ma was born as a top martial arts scholar, with a high starting point and a banner, so he was promoted quickly. After leaving Dengzhou Town, he moved to Fujian and Guangdong, and eventually became a magistrate and a senior official in Fujian. In the early and middle Qing Dynasty, although wars were frequent, Dengzhou Town was basically not involved. Without fighting, the company commanders are not famous. Among the company commanders in Dengzhou Town, the most famous is Gaoyuan Zhang in Guangxu period. In the historical event that Germany forcibly leased JIAOZHOU Bay, his name was repeatedly mentioned as a party. Gaoyuan Zhang, a native of Hefei, was a general of Huai Army. In his life, he has dealt with foreign troops many times. He appeared in the Sino-French War, the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and the forced lease of Jiaozhou Bay by Germany. Unfortunately, the results went from bad to worse. In the Sino-French War, he helped Liu Mingchuan defend Taiwan Province. During the Sino-Japanese War, he was at a disadvantage in Liaodong. When Germany forcibly leased Jiaozhou Bay, he was captured and served as the company commander of Dengzhou Town at that time. Liang Qichao's "A Brief Introduction to Li Wenzhong's Official Affairs" records: "When the Germans heard the news, they broke into Jiaozhou Bay with warships, pulled out the China flag and Lide flag, and took the company commander Gaoyuan Zhang captive." At that time, the fighting capacity of the Qing army was far from that of the German army, and JIAOZHOU Bay fell, so it was difficult to criticize Gaoyuan Zhang. After his release, he was transferred to other posts, which ended in a dull ending. Although Gaoyuan Zhang was transferred from Jiaodong, his influence continues to this day. At present, the trestle bridge is a famous seaside attraction in Qingdao, which was first built in Gaoyuan Zhang according to records. However, at that time, the trestle was built for military functions, but now it is a place where tourists are woven.