Ban Chao is from Xianyang, Shaanxi. He was a scholar when he was young. Ban Chao's family are great writers. His father Ban Biao was a great scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He has supplemented Sima Qian's historical records and made 65 biographies of later generations. His brother Ban Gu is a famous writer and historian who compiled Han Shu, and his sister Ban Zhao is an outstanding intellectual woman. She finished Ban Gu's unfinished Han Shu. The Ban Chao family was very famous in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Because of low wages, there is often an embarrassing situation of poor food and clothing. Because of his poor family, in order to support his family, Ban Chao went to Luoyang to go to his brother Ban Gu. I was introduced to the government to do some clerical work. At the age of 4 1, the Xiongnu rebelled, and Dahan's capital in the western regions ceased to exist. The prosperous Silk Road declined, which seriously affected the political, economic and social development of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Liu Zhuang ordered the army to explore the west. Ban Chao, who had long been tired of copying official newspaper documents all day, was very surprised. He sighed: "A gentleman has no ambition, but he should still serve Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian in a foreign country to get a title. It will be a long time! " So he threw his pen on the ground, joined the team of the Western Expedition, and was appointed as the generation Sima, following a Western Expedition named Dou Gu. The famous allusion of "joining the army with a pen" comes from this.

2. Whip and cut off: Fu Jian

The word "withdrawal" is often used to describe the large number of troops and their strength. Fu Jian is recorded in the Book of Jin: Fu Jian of the former Qin Dynasty was about to attack the State of Jin, and his subordinates persuaded the State of Jin that the Yangtze River was in danger and it was not appropriate to transfer troops. Fu Jian said: "All my brigades, throw the whip in the river and stop it from flowing." This is the source of "whipping".

3. Burn your bridges: Xiang Yu

The kettle of this idiom is a pot; A boat is a boat. Breaking a pot and sinking a ship is a metaphor for a desperate battle. This idiom comes from Historical Records. Biography of Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu learned that when he led the troops to cross the river, they all sank, broke the cauldron, burned down the house, and showed three meals. The soldiers would die, and no one would return to their hearts. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Qin Ershi sent general Zhang Han to attack Zhao. When Zhao was defeated, he retreated to Julu (now southwest of Pingxiang, Hebei Province) and was surrounded by Qin Jun. He was appointed as the general and Xiang Yu as the lieutenant, and sent someone to save Zhao. Unexpectedly, after leading troops to Anyang (now southeast of Cao County, Shandong Province), they stopped for 46 days. Xiang Yu had no choice but to ask him to cross the river to the north, get to Julu and get in touch with the besieged Zhao army. However, Yi Song had other plans. He wanted the Qin and Zhao armies to be exhausted before marching in order to win. He strictly ordered the army to kill anyone who didn't obey orders, no matter who he was. At the same time, Yi Song invited guests to eat and drink, while soldiers and people were starving. & lt/P & gt； & ltP> Xiang Yu couldn't bear it any longer, so he went into the camp and killed him, claiming that he colluded with Qi and turned against Chu, and the king of Chu had a secret order to kill him. These people immediately acclaimed Xiang Yu as the acting general. Xiang Yu reported the news that Yi Song was killed to Chu Huaiwang, and Chu Huaiwang had to formally appoint him as a general. & lt/P & gt； & ltP> Xiang Yu killed Yi Song, which shocked the State of Chu and won a reputation in various countries. He immediately sent two generals and led twenty thousand troops to cross the river to save the giant deer. After learning of Xiaosheng, he received a request for reinforcements and ordered the whole army to cross the river to save Zhao. /P & gt； & ltP> After the whole army crossed the river, Xiang Yu took a series of decisive actions: sinking all ships, smashing cooking pots, burning down the campsite, and carrying only three days' dry food to show his determination to fight to the death, with no intention of retreating. The advancing army reached the periphery of the stag and immediately surrounded Qin Jun. After nine fierce battles, Qin Jun's supply line was cut off. Two generals of the State of Qin who were in charge of besieging the giant deer, one was captured alive and the other set himself on fire. Prior to this, all the governors who came to help Zhao dared not confront Qin Jun head-on, although several armies were near Julu. The Chu army fought to the death and won a great victory, which greatly improved Xiang Yu's prestige. From then on, the army led by Xiang Yu became the most powerful force against Qin at that time.

Later, "all shipwrecks are doomed" evolved into the idiom "cross the rubicon", which was used to describe a desperate battle with great determination.

Xiang Yu also became the famous leader of the peasant uprising army at that time, and soon overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty with Liu Bang's uprising army.