Zhao Guanwen, the first champion in Guangxi history, came from Lingui. Since the Tang Dynasty, Lingui has produced five champions, two second champions and 29 1 scholar, which is known as the "hometown of champions". "One county, eight scholars, three subjects and two champions" is a legendary story of ancient imperial examinations in China. This county is now Lingui, a new district in Guilin, Guangxi. "Eight Scholars" refers to the eight scholars in Lingui once in a year; "Three Subjects" is about the three imperial examinations in Guangxu period, and Lingui produced two top scholars, which not only shocked the ruling and opposition parties of the Qing Dynasty at that time, but also proved the eternal story of "beautiful scenery produces talents".
There is a jingle in Guilin that says "Lingui comes first, Guilin comes last". Lingui has old qualifications. It is said that there were archaeological evidence of cultural relics as early as 30,000 years ago, and our ancestors lived here in Lingui. Whether it is true or not, Guilin was called Lingui in the official system of the Tang Dynasty. Guilin was called Guizhou and Lingui in ancient times. Since the Tang Dynasty, Guilin has been called Lingui in the official system. In the early years of the Republic of China, it was changed to Guilin County, and 1940 established Guilin City. The present organizational system of Lingui County began in the sixth year of Ding Yuan in Han Dynasty, that is,11year, with a history of more than two thousand years.
This is a treasure house of outstanding figures and heroes. Since Zhao Guanwen, a native of Lingui in the Tang Dynasty in 895 AD, became the No.1 scholar in the history of Guilin and even Guangxi, Lingui under the imperial examination system has produced five No.1 scholars, two No.2 scholars and 29/kloc-0 scholars, ranking first among all counties in Guangxi in the past dynasties, and is a veritable No.1 scholar and scholar in Guangxi. According to historical records, there were 7 1 1 Jinshi in Guangxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Lingui accounted for 242. In the history of Guangxi, there were seven and nine champions, and Lingui accounted for more than half.
In the Qing dynasty, Guangxi won the top prize four times, namely, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao, Yao. The story of "eight scholars in one county, two champions in three subjects" has become an eternal story in the history of imperial examinations in China. It is said that the Jinshi who took the exam in Beijing at that time, when they heard that the other person was from Lingui, Guangxi, were all smiling, and they invited guests to dinner and made friends in order to make things convenient in the future. At one time, many Lingui scholars had endless meals almost every day.
Nowadays, many scholars have tried to solve the mystery of the ancient champion in Lingui, but it is always difficult to find a unified answer.
Some people say that because of the beautiful natural scenery, there have been many champions in Guilin's history, and some people say that Guilin has a champion stone. There is a cone-shaped inverted stone pillar in Huanzhu Cave, Fu Bo, Guilin, with the cone tip about two inches from the ground. According to legend, stone pillars can be telescopic. Every time it falls to the ground, there will be a local champion, so it is called the champion stone.
In the second year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty, namely 1507, Yu Bao, a Guilin poet who was then the deputy envoy of Yunnan Inspection Department, returned to Guilin. It is said that Yu Bao had an epiphany when he visited Huanzhu Cave in Fu Bo. He not only wrote a poem with great interest, but also boldly predicted that there would be a champion, a gifted scholar in Guilin and a century-old champion. This prediction finally came true in the Qing Dynasty. The top four scholars are Chen Jichang, Long Qirui, Zhang Jianxun and Liu Fuyao.
Yu Bao's prediction really came true in the Qing Dynasty, and historical legends may just reflect people's good wishes. In fact, Lingui won the top prize, which is inseparable from the prosperity of reading in Guilin in history. Yan Yanzhi, a famous poet in the Southern Dynasties, was appointed as the magistrate of Shi 'an County, that is, he built a rock excavation room under Du Xiufeng to study classics and literature, which opened the whole style of study in Guilin.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, private schools and state schools were established throughout Guilin. In the sixteenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, in 596 AD, the governor of Guilin ordered the establishment of schools to promote education. In the first year of the Tang Dynasty, Du Xiufeng built Guizhou Middle School, which became an early official school in Guangxi at that time, and the style of study became increasingly strong. Zhu, a famous Neo-Confucianist in Song Dynasty, was invited to rebuild Jingjiang Official Learning Record, and Guilin University was awarded the imperial book by the emperor in Qing Dynasty.
At that time, there were countless schools, and all kinds of private schools were a dime a dozen. In such an environment, the atmosphere of reading and loving reading is naturally quite strong. According to historical records, there are as many as 13 ancient academies in Guilin, the most famous of which is Xuancheng Academy, the first academy in Guilin, which enjoys the same reputation as Xiufeng Academy, Jinggu Academy and Guishan Academy in Qing Dynasty. Strong culture and education make there are many people called sages in western Guangdong. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wangcheng, Jingjiang, Guilin, was chosen as the Gong Yuan, the examination room for the imperial examinations. Scholars from all over the country gathered in Guilin at that time. It is said that the Cody Pavilion where they live, that is, Li Xihua near Xihuamen in Guilin, soon became a reading street.
In order to help scholars catch up on exams, many ordinary people opened inns, such as Goldman Sachs Inn, Sanyuan Inn, Gong Yuan Inn, Jihe Inn, Wenchang Inn, Deng Ke Inn, etc. These were all famous signs at that time. From the name of the inn, people can easily understand the prosperity of Guilin's literary style at that time.
Among the scholars who took the exam, Lingui scholars can be said to be the most eye-catching, including many masters. Here, we have to tell the story of a great scholar Chen Hongmou and his great-grandson Chen Jichang. Chen Jichang was the No.1 scholar in the 25th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty and the last scholar in the history of ancient imperial examinations in China. In the history of more than 260 years in the Qing Dynasty, only two people won the title of top scholar, and Chen Jichang was one of them. Throughout the period of 1.297 years from Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty in ancient China, only 1.3 people were outstanding. Now, the three characters and four characters that people see on the Zhengyangmen Gate of Jingjiang Wangcheng in Guilin tell the story of Chen Jichang.
Chen Jichang's great-grandfather, Chen Hongmou, was a great scholar in the Qing Dynasty. He was an official of the Prince, a scholar and prime minister of Dongting, although he only got the position of scholar. Chen Hongmou, whose name is Ruzi and whose name is Rongmen, was the first scholar in Cohen in the spring of the first year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty. In mid-August of the same year, KaoNo. 108 ranked ninth among the top three in palace examination. During the Qianlong period, he served as an official, political envoy, governor-general, university student of Dongge, prime minister and minister of the Ministry of Industry. He was the highest official in Guangxi in the Qing Dynasty-the prime minister, and served as an official for the longest time-48 years. He has experienced 12 provinces at most, achieved outstanding results, and is also the most influential official and minister among the people. Today, Chen's ancestral hall and ancestral hall, located in heng shan cun, Sitang Township, Lingui New District, still seem to tell the eternal legend of a great scholar Chen Hongmou and his family, and witness the long history of Guilin, a famous historical and cultural city in China!
Gulingui County is worthy of being the top scholar and the most famous county in Guangxi in history. Now, Lingui County has become a new urban area in Guilin, and it is believed that more champions will emerge in batches. (Bing Xu Yin Mai Yue finishing)