Looking back on the study of China's modern history for half a century, it can be said that there are fruitful achievements and talented people. Especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the achievements in the study of modern history in China have made great progress compared with the previous two decades. Judging from the published works and papers, the quality is better than in the past, and the number greatly exceeds the sum of the previous two decades. Of course, there are some low-level repetitive studies in these papers and works. But it should also be said that there are indeed a large number of high-quality research works, which is gratifying. However, for a young subject like China's modern history, there is still a lot of work to be done to improve the research level, open up new research fields and write more and better works on modern history. Since the 1950s, before the founding of New China, we have followed this statement. It can be divided into two periods: the modern history of China (1840-19) and the modern history of China (191949). Until now, universities have set up teaching and research sections to teach separately. I think so, too. Now we can see the history of China from 1949 to 1840 more clearly, and we should have a better understanding and explanation. Generally speaking, I think it is necessary to study the history of China from 1840 to 1949 not only for the modern history of China, but also for 1949. It wants to answer: How did China embark on the semi-colonial and semi-feudal road under the aggression of foreign capitalism and imperialism? What is the difference between semi-colonial and semi-feudal China and feudal China? What kind of blow has foreign aggression brought to China society and what new things have it brought to China society? How did modern society form social class forces different from feudal China? How did this new social class force determine the development direction of modern China society? How do these new social class forces fight against imperialism and feudalism, strive for China's national independence, and prepare the starting conditions for China's modernization, and so on. From the semi-colonial and semi-feudal history of China 1 10 to the modern history of China to the beginning of this century (about1901-kloc-0/9655). It can be said that the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society has sunk to the bottom. 190 1 year, the treaty between Xin and Chou was signed; 19 15 years, the Japanese proposed Article 21 to China; Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor; Chen Duxiu founded New Youth. These major events have greatly stimulated the new social strata and promoted the growth of China society. Promoted the awakening of the whole Chinese nation. Since then, the internal development of China society has begun to show an upward trend. The development of the New Culture Movement and the outbreak of the May 4th anti-imperialist patriotic movement are obvious signs of this upward trend. Since then, the bourgeoisie and its political representatives, the proletariat and its political representatives have grown rapidly and finally replaced the old forces. Become the leading force of social development. Strengthen the exchange of China's modern history research. The history of modern China is a history of gradually moving towards a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society from 1840, and it is also a history of China people moving from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution and finally winning national liberation. In another sense, it is a history in which the world actively went to China and China was forced to go to the world. It is also the history of China's difficult modernization. 1 10 The depth, breadth and intensity of the historical changes in the past five thousand years, as well as the impetus it has brought to the future development of China, are probably unique to the historical changes in the past five thousand years. Studying the history of this change, the relationship between China and major countries in the world, and the relationship between China and neighboring countries are not only conducive to the discipline construction, but also conducive to our correct understanding of the national conditions. Understanding the laws of China's historical development has its advantages, and it is of reference significance for us to deal with complex contemporary realistic relations. It is normal for academic circles to have different understandings of such a complex subject as China's modern history. After years of academic research, don't easily equate academic views with political views. The only way to solve the differences and conflicts in academic views is to let a hundred schools of thought contend. Academic contention should first fully occupy historical materials, second fully understand the views of predecessors, and third do in-depth and detailed research. On this basis, the struggle will not be aimless. Only by taking contention seriously can we deepen our knowledge and understanding of historical issues. Many issues that have been debated or are being debated in the modern history of China can be debated in the historical process of 1 10. If we are arguing or studying, if we can use the basic ideas and methods of Marxism, our study of China's modern history may be more successful. We should actively attach importance to academic exchanges, participate in a hundred schools of thought contending, and strive to adhere to the correct direction of China's modern history research in academic contention. The research direction of China's modern history is not only related to the study of modern history itself, but also directly related to the understanding of the real society. The modern history of China is closely related to the modern political and social life of China. Because today is our yesterday. Therefore, the study of China's modern history should pay attention to the combination of science and revolution. If we look at a historical event in isolation without paying attention to this combination, we may come to a wrong conclusion. The imperialist invasion of China is a unique phenomenon in modern China. If we only look at the "number one" brought by foreign capitalist countries to China, we may exaggerate the progressive role brought by capitalist powers to China and further praise the imperialist aggression against China. If we only look at some things done by the late Qing government or the Kuomintang government in social and political life on the surface, we can also draw the conclusion that it is a good government. If we collect some dark history of the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s "Left" mistakes, we can also say that the Communist Party of China (CPC) is useless. Assuming that the above viewpoints can be established, the modern history of China will not be known. In these respects, if we are not clear-headed, our research work may be far away from the historical truth, which will not only make no contribution to the discipline construction. And it may leave a bad influence on politics. Broaden the field of China's modern history research for 40 years, the field of China's modern history research has been expanding with the passage of time, which is determined by the law of research itself. Now, if we use three climaxes and eight major events, it will be difficult to summarize the scope of China's modern history research. In the study of China's modern history, progress has been made in the theoretical study of political history, economic history, military history, history of Sino-foreign relations, social history, history of cultural thought and modern history. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of the history of the Republic of China, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, political parties, society and ideology. Most of scholars' research interests have moved to the history after 19 19. A society consists of many political, economic and cultural phenomena. The degree of economic development is a measure of social progress, and political performance plays an index role in social progress. Now some young researchers are interested in the study of ideological and cultural history, but lack enthusiasm for the study of political history. It is meaningful to strengthen and deepen the study of ideological and cultural history. There is no reason to ignore the study of political history. The depth and breadth of political history research play a restrictive role in other research fields. The depth and breadth of economic history research is of profound significance to explain the development direction of society. Young friends who are interested in promoting the study of China's modern history should devote themselves to the study of political history and economic history, make up their minds, make great efforts and achieve something. At the same time, we should pay attention to avoid a large number of low-level repetitive learning. The modern history of China in the last hundred years is an extremely important period in Chinese history. Humiliation and suffering, struggle and sacrifice constitute a colorful historical picture. The task of studying China's modern history is to find out the basic facts of China's modern historical development and explore its development law. On this basis, the colorful historical picture of modern China is reproduced. This process of studying, reappearing and deepening understanding can provide a convincing historical basis for our people to explore the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and play a positive role in improving our people's cultural quality and patriotic education level, and enhancing their confidence and cohesion in the country, the nation and the socialist road. In this way, studying the modern history of China can not only make a living in study, but also contribute to society and people.