1, social fact paradigm

Its classic samples are French sociologist Durkheim's Rules of Sociological Methods (1895) and Suicide Theory (1897). The research topic is social facts, that is, macro social structure and system; Adopting the methods of problem investigation and historical comparison; Belonging to this paradigm are structural function theory, conflict theory, system theory and some new Marxist schools.

2. Social definition paradigm

Its classic sample is M weber's works on social action; The purpose of research is to understand actions, interactions and their consequences through subjective meaning; Mainly using observation method, supplemented by questionnaire survey; Belonging to this paradigm are action theory, symbolic interaction theory, phenomenological sociology, folklore methodology and existential sociology.

3. Social action paradigm

Its typical sample is the work of psychologist B.F. Skinner; The research topic focuses on individual behavior, especially the reward for inducing expected behavior and the punishment for preventing unexpected behavior; Use experimental methods; Belonging to this paradigm are behaviorism sociology and exchange theory.

Concept of paradigm in sociology

The main body's basic intentions and potential assumptions about its research topic. According to this view, the sociological paradigm contains the basic intention of sociologists to the subject they are studying, which is used to describe and analyze the concept choice of the subject, select specific phenomena and problems for observation and investigation, and the strategies used in the analysis process. As a potential knowledge hypothesis, sociological paradigm also contains the basic value premise of sociologists, which will inevitably affect the choice of specific fields as research topics.