-1. Plants:

Scientific name: Actinidia chinensis.

English name: yangtao Kiwifruit

Family name: Actinidiaceae, Actinidiaceae

Kiwifruit, which many people think is a special product of New Zealand, actually originated in China, and was originally named Xianhoutao, which was introduced to New Zealand only a century ago. Nowadays, kiwifruit suppliers vigorously promote that kiwifruit is rich in vitamin C, which is true. According to analysis, every 100g of fresh exotic pulp contains 100 to 300 mg (even more than 400 mg) of vitamin C, which is 20 to 80 times higher than that of apples and 5 to10 times higher than that of oranges.

No wonder kiwifruit is listed as an anti-cancer fruit in the Classic of Food Anti-cancer, because vitamin C, an antioxidant, can effectively prevent the carcinogen ammonium nitrite from forming in the human body. Scientists in Henan once did an experiment: taking 900 mg of vitamin C every day, the content of ammonium nitrite in urine decreased by 60%.

The medicinal value of Monkey Peach has been recorded in medical books of past dynasties in China. It is believed that it can "regulate middle-jiao and lower qi" and has the functions of nourishing and strengthening the body, clearing away heat and diuresis, invigorating the stomach and moistening dryness. As a folk prescription, eating 60 grams of monkey peach raw and peeled can cure internal heat and anxiety, and prevent scurvy, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and so on. The pharmacological action is that its vitamin C can prevent the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines, and its pulp can reduce blood cholesterol and triglycerides. It is said that Monkey Peach has unique skills in treating digestive tract cancer and lung cancer.

The root of the monkey peach also has medicinal effects, but unfortunately, there are few pharmacies here now. Kiwi seems a little fruity to some people, and it has a bitter feeling after eating it. Eating while coughing may aggravate the condition, but is this an allergy? A unknown.

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Morphological characteristics of lianas; Branches brown, pilose, pith white, layered. The leaves are nearly round or broadly obovate, the top is obtuse or slightly concave, there are few spikelets, the base is round to heart-shaped, the edge has awn teeth, the surface is sparse, and the back is densely covered with gray-white stellate fluff. When the flowers bloom, they are milky white, then turn yellow, and single or several flowers are born in the axils of leaves. Sepals 5, with light brown pilose; Petals 5-6, with short claws; Stamens are numerous, anthers are yellow; Styles filiform, numerous. Berries are ovoid, about 3 cm in transverse diameter, and densely covered with yellowish brown branches. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruit maturity is 8-65438+1October.

Distributed in forest margins or hillside thickets, some gardens are cultivated. Distributed in various provinces and regions south of the Yangtze River.

Uses Root medicine, clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to reduce swelling, inducing diuresis to relieve stranguria; Homemade pesticides can kill tea caterpillars, rice borers, aphids and so on. The stems contain sticky gum, which can be used as raw materials for construction and paper making. Leaves can be used as feed. Flowers can extract essence. Fruit contains sugars and organic acids, especially vitamin C. It can be eaten raw or made into jam.

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-2. Kiwifruit of Actinidiaceae:

Kiwi was recorded in the Book of Songs as early as BC. Describing the shape and color of kiwifruit in Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhen said: "Its shape is like pear, its color is like peach, and macaques like to eat it, so it has various names." Tang Shen is saying in Zheng Ben Cao: Sweet and sour, born in the valley, vine-born, round and hairy leaves, fruit as big as duck eggs and goose eggs, brown skin, sweet and edible after frost. "This sweet, fragrant and nutritious fruit has been sleeping for thousands of years, and it has only been more than one hundred years since humans really understood and used it. It has long been the monkey's "fairy fruit" food.

Kiwifruit is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value, and its soluble solid content is 14? 20%, which contains more than ten kinds of amino acids such as leucine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, tyrosine, valine and alanine, and is rich in minerals. Every 100g pulp contains 27 mg of calcium, 26 mg of phosphorus, 0/.2mg of iron, carotene and various vitamins, among which the content of vitamin C is 100g (per100g). 10 times of apples and other fruits, 15 times? 30 times, so it is known as the "king of fruits" in the world.

Because kiwifruit is full of nutrition and contains some important substances indispensable to human body, it plays an important role in maintaining human health and preventing diseases. Eating more kiwifruit can prevent osteoporosis in the elderly; Inhibit the deposition of cholesterol on the inner wall of arteries, so as to prevent and treat arteriosclerosis; It can improve myocardial function and prevent and treat heart disease. In anti-cancer, it can inhibit the mutagenic effect of nitrosamines in the intestine on tissues. After eating kiwi fruit, some cancer patients can reduce anorexia and cachexia, and also reduce the side effects or toxic reactions caused by X-ray irradiation and chemotherapy. Eating more kiwi fruit can also prevent excessive peroxide production in the body, prevent the formation of senile plaques and delay human aging.

Among the 26 fruits with the largest consumption in the world before, kiwifruit is the most abundant and comprehensive. The contents of vc, mg and trace elements in kiwifruit are the highest, and kiwifruit ranks first because of bananas and oranges containing new potassium.

The vc content and edible cellulose content of kiwifruit reach excellent standards. At the same time, the contents of ve and vk in kiwifruit are excellent, while the content of fat in kiwifruit is low and contains no sterol. Different from other fruits, kiwifruit contains many nutrients. Most fruits are rich in one or two nutrients, but each kiwifruit can provide 8%dv folic acid, 8%dv copper, 8% pantothenic acid, 6%dv calcium and fresh, 4%dv iron and vitamin B, 6,2% DV phosphorus and va, and other vitamins and minerals.

Kiwi fruit juice can inhibit the occurrence of melanoma and skin cancer; Kiwi fruit contains arginine. Cardiologists have found that arginine can improve blood flow and prevent thrombosis in arterial blood. The content of natural antioxidants in kiwifruit ranks fourth; Lutein is an important phytochemical component in kiwifruit, which is related to the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer and lung cancer. Kiwifruit is one of the rare fruits that contain chlorophyll when it is ripe.

The alias is rattan pear, carambola, white peach and pear.

It comes from Chinese kiwifruit. Actinidiaceae, roots and fruits are used as medicine. Picking fruits and digging roots in autumn, fresh or dry.

Sexual taste orientation

Fruit: sour, sweet and cold.

Roots and bark: bitter, astringent and cold.

Functional indication

Results: Regulating qi, promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, relieving fever and relieving annoyance. It can be eaten raw or peeled and boiled with honey. Used for dyspepsia, loss of appetite, vomiting, burns and scalds. You can use this product to squeeze juice and add ginger juice.

Root and root bark: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to reduce swelling, expelling wind and promoting diuresis. Can be used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic injury, filariasis, hepatitis, dysentery, scrofula, furuncle virus, and cancer.

Usage and dosage 0.5 ~ 2 Liang; Appropriate amount of fruit, fresh or juiced. It is not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold.

Remarks: (1) Actinidia arguta (Sieb. Etzucc。 ) Planck. Soft jujube (Actinidia arguta, Macaca mulatta), root and fruit are used as medicine. The curative effect is similar to the former one.

Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Kiwi is also called rattan pear, carambola and macaque pear. Its taste is sour and sweet but cold, and it has the effects of relieving fever, quenching thirst, relieving stranguria and strengthening stomach. It can be used for treating diseases such as heat annoyance, thirst, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, stranguria, joint pain, and has anti-aging effect. According to Chen Zangqi, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, the efficacy of kiwifruit is to "adjust the middle qi and lower qi, control the bone wind, slow down but not follow, and have white hair all year round". Modern medical research shows that kiwifruit contains sugar, protein, rich amino acids, 12 proteases, vitamin b 1, C and carotene.

And calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine, pigment and other components. Its vitamin C content is five to six times that of the same amount of citrus. In recent years, it has been reported that kiwifruit can block the active components of nitrosamine synthesis, and the blocking rate is 98%, which has the effect of inhibiting cancer cells. So kiwifruit is a good fruit for nourishing and strengthening the body. In addition, its branches, leaves, roots and vines are all good Chinese herbal medicines.

For the treatment of loss of appetite and indigestion, 60 ~100g of dried kiwifruit can be decocted in water and taken every morning and evening. People with urinary calculi should eat 6 to 10 kiwifruit every day, and take it two or three times. For those with high fever, excessive drinking, abdominal distension and tightness, eat 2-3 kiwi fruit every time, three or four times a day. Eating kiwi fruit regularly can also play an auxiliary therapeutic role in hemiplegia and muscle numbness. At the same time, kiwifruit is slippery, people with constipation can eat more, while patients with spleen and stomach weakness, frequent urination, menorrhagia and threatened abortion should avoid eating it.

Kiwifruit can be used to treat internal and external diseases and gynecological diseases, and can also be used for health care and anti-aging. It is like a natural medicine storehouse dedicated to human beings. Professor Fei Xiaotong, a famous scholar in China, once called for vigorously developing kiwifruit resources and making contributions to people's health care and longevity.

-3. The source of kiwifruit:

Kiwi English actually means Kiwi in Cantonese translation, not to mention what the fruit itself looks like. I believe that seeing the word "exotic" has already attracted the bottle.

1962, a company run by an American lady named Frida Kaplan (now called Frida Company) began to import kiwifruit from New Zealand at the request of customers. Because Americans were not familiar with kiwifruit at that time, the first batch of 65,438+0,000 kiwifruits took Kaplan several months to sell out. Some fruit merchants suggested that Kaplan name the fruit with kiwi birds unique to New Zealand, because kiwi birds also have furry feathers like kiwi fruit, and the colors are not far apart. Kiwi is a flightless bird with short tail and wings. It is so precious that it can only be seen in the secluded jungle of New Zealand, so it has become the national bird of New Zealand. Kiwi is proud of New Zealanders. They also call themselves Kiwi. So Kaplan told this idea to growers in New Zealand. Of course, they are very happy, so they named it Kiwi, which sounds like a fruit originating in New Zealand. Others think that this name was first used in the 1950s. In Webster's English dictionary published in the United States, the word kiwifruit first appeared in 1966. In any case, kiwifruit has gradually become popular since then and is world-famous under this name. Kiwifruit has been cultivated in China for more than 300 years, and was introduced to foreign countries as early as 1849. Britain, the United States, New Zealand, etc. They are the earliest introduction countries, and now they have been introduced to Europe, America and Australia. At present, kiwifruit has become one of the pillar industries of fruit industry in New Zealand, Italy and other countries.

First, the nutritional value and health function of kiwifruit

Kiwi is a kind of fruit deeply loved by consumers. Its fruit is tender and juicy, fragrant and delicious, sweet and sour, and extremely rich in nutrition. Its vitamin C content is as high as 100-420g/ 100mg, which is several times or even dozens of times higher than that of citrus, apple and other fruits. At the same time, it also contains a lot of organic substances such as sugar, protein, amino acids and various minerals necessary for human body. According to the food research center of Rutgers University in the United States, kiwifruit is the most abundant and comprehensive fruit among all kinds of fruits.

◆ Kiwi contains excellent dietary fiber and rich antioxidants, which can clear away heat and reduce fire, moisten dryness and relieve constipation, and can effectively prevent constipation and hemorrhoids.

◆ Kiwi contains glutathione, an antimutagenic component, which is beneficial to inhibit the mutation of oncogenes, and has a certain inhibitory effect on cancer cells such as liver cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer and prostate cancer.

Kiwifruit is rich in arginine, which can effectively improve blood flow and prevent thrombosis, and has special effects on reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction and arteriosclerosis, and treating impotence.

◆ Kiwi contains a lot of natural sugar alcohol inositol, which can effectively regulate sugar metabolism, intracellular hormones and nerve conduction, and has a unique effect on preventing diabetes and depression.

◆ Kiwi contains vitamins such as vc, ve and vk. It is a low-fat food rich in nutrition and dietary fiber, and has unique effects on weight loss, bodybuilding and beauty.

◆ Kiwi is rich in folic acid, which is one of the essential substances to build a healthy body, and can prevent neural tube defects in embryonic development and relieve worries for pregnant women.

◆ Kiwifruit is rich in lutein. The accumulation of lutein in the visual network model can prevent the deterioration of spots from causing permanent blindness and help cataract friends realize their dream of "clairvoyance".

◆ Kiwi contains antioxidants, which can enhance the body's autoimmune function.

◆ Kiwifruit has few pests and diseases, so it is generally unnecessary to use pesticides. It is one of the few pollution-free fruits without pesticide pollution, and it is the best guarantee for maintaining human health.

The History of Kiwifruit Kiwifruit (also known as carambola and pear peach) is a precious fruit tree originating in China. Its cultivation history began in Shaanxi 1200 years ago. Cen Can, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote the poem "There is a kiwi on the atrium well". Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty said: "Kiwi is shaped like a pear and its color is like a peach, but it likes to eat, so it has various names." This ancient plant, after the reform and opening up, zhouzhi county is the "top five" county with the largest planting area, the highest yield, the best variety, the best management technology and the strongest storage and processing capacity. To this end, the relevant state departments specially awarded zhouzhi county the title of "Hometown of Kiwifruit in China" and awarded the "Green Food Certificate" for Kiwifruit Base. Kiwi is known as the "king of fruits" internationally. Shangnan County, Shaanxi Province is also a national key kiwifruit producing area and one of the only two base counties in China, with an annual output of 2.5 million kilograms. Shangnan people call it carambola, which is sweet and sour, and is the top grade of food processing. Rich in nutrition, rich in vitamins, gluconic acid, fructose, citric acid, malic acid, fat, various amino acids and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium and iron. It has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on hypertension, leprosy, hepatitis, neurasthenia and cancer. Kiwifruit is a highly nutritious fruit, which contains organic substances such as actinidine, proteolytic enzyme, tannin pectin, sugar, trace elements such as calcium, potassium, selenium, zinc and germanium, amino acids 17 needed by human body, and soluble solids 10.2-607. But it is famous for its rich vitamin C and trace element selenium. Its fresh fruit contains vitamin c 105.8mg/ 100g and trace element selenium 2.98mg/ 100g, which is called "nutritional gold mine" and "health wonder fruit".

The fresh fruit of kiwifruit The ripe fresh fruit of kiwifruit feels hard, so people who like sour taste can eat it directly without peeling it. Hard and fresh fruits were stored in the natural environment of 10-20 degrees Celsius for about 15 days. If it is mixed with other fruits for about 5 days, the fruit will begin to show a completely mature state. You can separate everything in the middle and then dig the pulp with a small spoon to eat. The taste of high-quality grade A fresh fruit is the sum of oranges, bananas and strawberries, and there is a little watermelon flavor, which is really wonderful and really the "king of fruits".

Kiwifruit gourmet Kiwifruit is the last dish at the state banquet. After peeling and slicing fresh fruit, everyone eats one or two slices. Kiwifruit, as a high-grade dish on the dining table, can be made into fresh fried, sugar juice, mash soup and so on. There is an enzyme in kiwifruit that can make meat tender. You can add some kiwi fruit juice when frying meat, and put some kiwi fruit in cook the meat. It is a good meat pretreatment material, natural and delicious.

The beauty of kiwifruit often eats kiwifruit, which has the effect of losing weight and bodybuilding. After cleansing, apply kiwi fruit massage. When kiwi fruit particles are fully melted and absorbed, it can improve coarse pores and whiten skin. Kiwifruit contains a lot of fruit acid, which can inhibit the aggregation of keratinocytes and melanin precipitation, effectively remove or fade dark spots, and also have a significant effect on improving dry or oily skin tissue, and can be used to wash feet, hands and other parts of the body with skin diseases.

As early as the Tang Dynasty, the famous doctor Chen Zangqi wrote in Notes on Materia Medica that "Kiwi is salty, mild and nontoxic, and can be used as medicine. Mainly used to treat arthralgia, paralysis, perennial gray hair and internal hemorrhoids. According to the book Kaibao Materia Medica in the Song Dynasty, kiwifruit tastes sour, sweet, cold and nontoxic, and has many medicinal functions, such as quenching thirst, relieving vexation, clearing heat, cooling spleen and stomach, eliminating phlegm, suppressing phlegm, expelling stones and relieving summer heat. Modern Chinese medicine believes that kiwifruit is cold and sweet. It has the effects of moistening middle warmer, regulating qi, promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, relieving fever and thirst, and inducing diuresis to relieve stranguria. It is suitable for dyspepsia, anorexia, constipation, vomiting and vitamin deficiency. At the same time, medical research shows that kiwi fruit and fruit juice can reduce cholesterol and triglyceride, and also inhibit the production of carcinogens, and have preventive and adjuvant treatment effects on hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hepatitis, coronary heart disease, urethral calculi and so on.

▲ Kiwi contains glutathione, an antimutagenic component, which is beneficial to inhibit the mutation of oncogenes.

As a natural sugar alcohol, inositol in kiwifruit has a positive effect on regulating sugar metabolism and is effective for diabetes and depression.

▲ Kiwifruit is rich in phytochemical lutein, which can be accumulated in human retina. These compounds can prevent macular degeneration and permanent blindness caused by it, and have inhibitory effects on adult cataracts.

▲ Kiwi contains arginine, which is an effective vasodilator to improve male impotence. Seeds contain linoleic acid, which has the function of dredging blood.

▲ Fresh kiwi fruit is decocted in water and made into extract tablets, each tablet is 0.3g, which is equivalent to 2.2g of crude drug, 2-3 times a day, 4 tablets each time. The total effective rate for patients with chronic obstructive emphysema is 74.24%. After treatment, the number of acute cases in winter was significantly lower than that before treatment, which was statistically significant, and the incidence of cold was also significantly reduced.

▲ 50 grams of fresh kiwi fruit, mashed with 250 ml of warm water (about 1 teacup), mixed well and drunk, can cure micturition pain after prostatitis. In a word, kiwifruit can be used to treat internal and external diseases and gynecological diseases, as well as health care and anti-aging. It is like a natural medicine storehouse dedicated to human beings.

2. Kiwi: Kiwi is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value and is known as the "king of fruit". It contains more than ten kinds of amino acids such as leucine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, tyrosine, alanine, etc. It is also rich in minerals, including calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene and vitamins. Kiwifruit plays an important role in maintaining human health and preventing diseases. Eating more kiwifruit can prevent osteoporosis in the elderly and inhibit the deposition of cholesterol, thus preventing arteriosclerosis, improving myocardial function and preventing heart disease. It also plays an anti-cancer role. Eating more kiwi fruit can also prevent excessive peroxide production in the body, prevent the formation of senile plaques and delay human aging. Eating kiwi fruit often in winter can regulate human body function, enhance resistance and supplement nutrients needed by human body. Appropriate amount: 1-2 is the amount that the human body can fully absorb. Suitable time: you can't eat on an empty stomach, and it is more suitable to eat before and after meals 1-3 hours. How to eat: you can eat it directly after peeling; You can also add a proper amount of water and sugar to kiwi fruit juice, cook it with diced bananas and diced apples, and thicken it with water.

Kiwifruit is taboo. Kiwifruit is cold and should not be eaten more. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should eat it carefully, and people with diarrhea should not eat it. Threatened abortion, menorrhagia and frequent urination are prohibited. Because of the high content of vitamin C in kiwifruit, it is easy to condense with protein in dairy products, which not only affects digestion and absorption, but also causes abdominal distension, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Therefore, you must not drink milk or eat other dairy products immediately after eating kiwifruit.